797
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Assessment Procedures

Test–retest reliability of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in people with schizophrenia

& ORCID Icon
Pages 996-1000 | Received 04 May 2018, Accepted 19 Jul 2019, Published online: 30 Jul 2019

References

  • Domingo SZ, Julio B, García-Portilla MP, et al. Cognitive performance associated to functional outcomes in stable outpatients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res Cogn. 2015;2:146–158.
  • Leak MD. Neuropsychology assessment. New York (NY): Oxford University Press Inc.; 2012.
  • Chiu EC, Lee SC, Kuo CJ, et al. Development of a performance-based measure of executive functions in patients with schizophrenia. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0142790.
  • O’Grada C, Dinan T. Executive function in schizophrenia: what impact do antipsychotics have? Hum Psychopharmacol. 2007;22:397–406.
  • Morin L, Franck N. Rehabilitation interventions to promote recovery from schizophrenia: a systematic review. Front Psychiatry. 2017;8:100.
  • Prentice KJ, Gold JM, Buchanan RW. The Wisconsin Card Sorting impairment in schizophrenia is evident in the first four trials. Schizophr Res. 2008;106:81–87.
  • Heaton RK, Chelune GJ, Talley JL, et al. Wisconsin card sorting test manual revised and expanded. Lutz (FL): Psychological Assessment Resources Inc.; 1993.
  • Greve KW, Stickle TR, Love JM, et al. Latent structure of the Wisconsin card sorting test: a confirmatory factor analytic study. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2005;20:355–364.
  • Portney LG, Watkins MP. Foundations of clinical research: applications to practice. Upper Saddle River (NJ): Pearson Education; 2009.
  • Haley SM, Fragala-Pinkham MA. Interpreting change scores of tests and measures used in physical therapy. Phys Ther. 2006;86:735–743.
  • Chiu EC, Koh CL, Tsai CY, et al. Practice effects and test-re-test reliability of the Five Digit Test in patients with stroke over four serial assessments. Brain Inj. 2014;28:1726–1733.
  • Paolo AM, Axelrod BN, Tröster AI. Test-retest stability of the Wisconsin card sorting test. Assessment. 1996;3:137–143.
  • Ingram F, Greve KW, Ingram PT, et al. Temporal stability of the Wisconsin card sorting test in an untreated patient sample. Br J Clin Psychol. 1999;38:209–211.
  • Seidman LJ, Pepple JR, Faraone SV, et al. Wisconsin card sorting test performance over time in schizophrenia. Preliminary evidence from clinical follow-up and neuroleptic reduction studies. Schizophr Res. 1991;5:233–242.
  • Harvey PD, Palmer BW, Heaton RK, et al. Stability of cognitive performance in older patients with schizophrenia: an 8-week test-retest study. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162:110–117.
  • Guo NW, Liu HC, Wong PF, et al. Chinese version and norms of the Mini-Mental State Examination. J Rehabil Med Assoc. 1988;16:52–59.
  • de Leon J, Ellis G, Rosen P, et al. The test-retest reliability of the Mini-Mental State Examination in chronic schizophrenic patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1993;88:188–192.
  • Bushnell CD, Johnston DC, Goldstein LB. Retrospective assessment of initial stroke severity: comparison of the NIH Stroke Scale and the Canadian Neurological Scale. Stroke. 2001;32:656–660.
  • Chiu EC, Wu WC, Chou CX, et al. Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change of the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills-Third Edition in patients with stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016;97:1917–1923.
  • Huang SL, Hsieh CL, Wu RM, et al. Minimal detectable change of the timed “up & go” test and the dynamic gait index in people with Parkinson disease. Phys Ther. 2011;91:114–121.
  • Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale (MI): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988.
  • Carter JD, Bizzell J, Kim C, et al. Attention deficits In schizophrenia-preliminary evidence of dissociable transient and sustained deficits. Schizophr Res. 2010;122:104–112.
  • Kraguljac NV, Srivastava A, Lahti AC. Memory deficits in schizophrenia: a selective review of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. Behav Sci. 2013;3:330–347.
  • Piper BJ, Mueller ST, Geerken AR, et al. Reliability and validity of neurobehavioral function on the Psychology Experimental Building Language test battery in young adults. Peer J. 2015;3:e1460.
  • Silva PHR, Spedo CT, Barreira AA, et al. Symbol Digit Modalities Test adaptation for Magnetic Resonance Imaging environment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2018;20:136–143.
  • Younan B. Cognitive functioning differences between physically active and sedentary older adults. J Alzheimers Dis Rep. 2018;2:93–101.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.