4,697
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Papers

Development of a swallowing risk screening tool and best practice recommendations for the management of oropharyngeal dysphagia following acute cervical spinal cord injury: an international multi-professional Delphi consensus

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, &
Pages 8311-8324 | Received 13 Jul 2021, Accepted 24 Nov 2021, Published online: 14 Dec 2021

References

  • Thietje R, Hirschfeld S. Epidemiology of spinal cord injury. In: Weidner N, Rupp R, Tansey KE, editors. Neurological aspects of spinal cord injury. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2017. p. 3–17.
  • Lee BB, Cripps RA, Fitzharris M, et al. The global map for traumatic spinal cord injury epidemiology: update 2011, global incidence rate. Spinal Cord. 2014;52(2):110–116.
  • McCaughey EJ, Purcell M, McLean AN, et al. Changing demographics of spinal cord injury over a 20-year period: a longitudinal population-based study in Scotland. Spinal Cord. 2016;54(4):270–276.
  • Devivo MJ. Epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury: trends and future implications. Spinal Cord. 2012;50(5):365–372.
  • van den Berg ME, Castellote JM, de Pedro-Cuesta J, et al. Survival after spinal cord injury: a systematic review. J Neurotrauma. 2010;27(8):1517–1528.
  • Chamberlain JD, Meier S, Mader L, et al. Mortality and longevity after a spinal cord injury: systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiology. 2015;44(3):182–198.
  • NHS England. Specialised Spinal Cord Injury Services Annual Statement 2018. [updated 19 2019; cited 2020 Nov 20]. Available from: www.nscisb.nhs.uk/docs.aspx?section=Annual%20Reports
  • Skoretz SA, Riopelle SJ, Wellman L, et al. Investigating swallowing and tracheostomy following critical Illness: a scoping review. Crit Care Med. 2020;48(2):e141–e151.
  • Iruthayarajah J, McIntyre A, Mirkowski M, et al. Risk factors for dysphagia after a spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spinal Cord. 2018;56(12):1116–1123.
  • NHS England. Service Specification: Spinal Cord Injury Services (all ages); 2019. [cited 2019 May 1]. Available from: https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/service-spec-spinal-cord-injury-services-all-ages.pdf
  • Spinal Injuries Association, All-Party Parliamentary Group. A Paralysed System? London; 2015. [cited 2016 Oct 1]. Available from: https://spinal.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/SIA-APP-Paralysed-System-Report-FINAL-lo-res.pdf.
  • McRae J, Smith C, Beeke S, et al. Oropharyngeal dysphagia management in cervical spinal cord injury patients: an exploratory survey of variations to care across specialised and non-specialised units. Spinal Cord Ser Cases. 2019;5(1):31–40.
  • Sharwood L, Dhaliwal S, Ball J, et al. Emergency and acute care management of traumatic spinal cord injury: a survey of current practice among senior clinicians across Australia. BMC Emerg Med. 2018;18(1):57.
  • Maharaj MM, Stanford RE, Lee BB, et al. The effects of early or direct admission to a specialised spinal injury unit on outcomes after acute traumatic spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2017;55(5):518–524.
  • Parent S, Barchi S, LeBreton M, et al. The impact of specialized centers of care for spinal cord injury on length of stay, complications, and mortality: a systematic review of the literature. J Neurotrauma. 2011;28(8):1363–1370.
  • Kirshblum SC, Burns SP, Biering-Sorensen F, et al. International standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury (revised 2011). J Spinal Cord Med. 2011;34(6):535–546.
  • Mcdaid D, Park A-L, Gall A, et al. Understanding and modelling the economic impact of spinal cord injuries in the United Kingdom. Spinal Cord. 2019;57(9):778–788.
  • Wolf C, Meiners TH. Dysphagia in patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2003;41(6):347–353.
  • Shin JC, Yoo JH, Lee YS, et al. Dysphagia in cervical spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2011;49(9):1008–1013.
  • Shem K, Wong J, Dirlikov B, et al. Pharyngeal dysphagia in individuals with cervical spinal cord injury: a prospective observational cohort study. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2019;25(4):322–330.
  • Hayashi T, Fujiwara Y, Ariji Y, et al. Mechanism of dysphagia after acute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 2020;37(21):2315–2319.
  • Valenzano TJ, Waito AA, Steele CM. A review of dysphagia presentation and intervention following traumatic spinal injury: an understudied population. Dysphagia. 2016;31(5):598–609.
  • Ihalainen T, Rinta-Kiikka I, Luoto TM, et al. Risk factors for laryngeal penetration-aspiration in patients with acute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury. Spine J. 2018;18(1):81–87.
  • Chaw E, Shem K, Castillo K, et al. Dysphagia and associated respiratory considerations in cervical spinal cord injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2012;18(4):291–299.
  • Wong S, Derry F, Jamous A, et al. The prevalence of malnutrition in spinal cord injuries patients: a UK multicentre study. Br J Nutr. 2012;108(5):918–923.
  • Berney S, Bragge P, Granger C, et al. The acute respiratory management of cervical spinal cord injury in the first 6 weeks after injury: a systematic review. Spinal Cord. 2011;49(1):17–29.
  • McRae J. Dry mouth in spinal cord injury: causes and treatment. Dental Nursing. 2011;7(8):446–449.
  • McRae J, Smith C, Emmanuel A, et al. The experiences of individuals with cervical spinal cord injury and their family during post-injury care in non-specialised and specialised units in UK. BMC Health Serv Res. 2020;20(1):783.
  • Benfield J, Michou E. Dysphagia screening and assessment in the stroke unit. BJNN. 2016;12(Suppl. 2):S24–S28.
  • Palli C, Fandler S, Doppelhofer K, et al. Early dysphagia screening by trained nurses reduces pneumonia rate in stroke patients: a clinical intervention study. Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation. 2017;48(9):2583–2585.
  • Attrill S, White S, Murray J, et al. Impact of oropharyngeal dysphagia on healthcare cost and length of stay in hospital: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18(1):594–611.
  • Cichero JAY, Heaton S, Bassett L. Triaging dysphagia: nurse screening for dysphagia in an acute hospital. J Clin Nurs. 2009;18(11):1649–1659.
  • Ardolino EM, Hutchinson KJ, Pinto Zipp G, et al. The ABLE scale: the development and psychometric properties of an outcome measure for the spinal cord injury population. Phys Ther. 2012;92(8):1046–1054.
  • Chen HC, Taiwan ICF Team, Yen TH, Chang KH, et al. Developing an ICF core set for Sub-acute stages of spinal cord injury in Taiwan: a preliminary study. Disabil Rehabil. 2015;37(1):51–55.
  • Boldt C, Velstra IM, Brach M, et al. Nurses' intervention goal categories for persons with spinal cord injury based on the international classification of functioning, disability and health: an international Delphi survey. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(5):1109–1124.
  • Zhang Z, Li F, Sun T. An expert consensus on the evaluation and treatment of acute thoracolumbar spine and spinal cord injury in China. Neural Regener Res. 2013;8(33):3077–3086.
  • Jünger S, Payne SA, Brine J, et al. Guidance on conducting and Reporting Delphi Studies (CREDES) in palliative care: recommendations based on a methodological systematic review. Palliat Med. 2017;31(8):684–706.
  • Rankin G, Rushton A, Olver P, et al. Chartered society of physiotherapy's identification of national research priorities for physiotherapy using a modified Delphi technique. Physiotherapy. 2012;98(3):260–272.
  • von der Gracht HA. Consensus measurement in Delphi studies review and implications for future quality assurance. Technol Forecasting Social Change. 2012;79(8):1525–1536.
  • Keeney S, McKenna H, Hasson F. The Delphi technique in nursing and health research. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.
  • Posillico SE, Golob JF, Rinker AD, et al. Bedside dysphagia screens in patients with traumatic cervical injuries: an ideal tool for an under-recognized problem. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018;85(4):697–703.
  • Suiter DM, Leder SB. Clinical utility of the 3-ounce water swallow test. Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):244–250.
  • Brady S, Miserendino R, Statkus D, et al. Predictors to dysphagia and recovery after cervical spinal cord injury during acute rehabilitation. J Appl Res. 2004;4(1):1–11.
  • Ward EC, Morgan AT. Dysphagia post trauma. San Diego (CA): Plural Publishing Inc.; 2009.
  • Respiratory Information for Spinal Cord Injury. Weaning Guidelines for Spinal Cord Injury Patients in Critical Care Units 2012. [cited 2015 Aug 4]. Available from: http://risci.org.uk/weaning-guidelines-for-spinal-cord-injured-patients-in-critical-care-units/
  • Spinal Injuries Association. A Paralysed System?; 2015.
  • Goff D, Patterson J. Eating and drinking with an inflated tracheostomy cuff: a systematic review of the aspiration risk. Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2019;54(1):30–40.
  • Pryor LN, Ward EC, Cornwell PL, et al. Clinical indicators associated with successful tracheostomy cuff deflation. Aust Crit Care. 2016;29(3):132–137.
  • Berlowitz DJ, Wadsworth B, Ross J. Respiratory problems and management in people with spinal cord injury. Breathe. 2016;12(4):328–340.
  • Galeiras Vazquez R, Rascado Sedes P, Mourelo FM, et al. Respiratory management in the patient with spinal cord injury. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:168757.
  • Freeman-Sanderson AL, Togher L, Elkins MR, et al. Return of voice for ventilated tracheostomy patients in ICU: a randomized controlled trial of early-targeted intervention. Crit Care Med. 2016;44(6):1075–1081.
  • Karlsson V, Bergbom I, Forsberg A. The lived experiences of adult intensive care patients who were conscious during mechanical ventilation: a phenomenological-hermeneutic study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2012;28(1):6–15.
  • Guttormson JL, Bremer KL, Jones RM. "Not being able to talk was horrid": a descriptive, correlational study of communication during mechanical ventilation. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2015;31(3):179–186.
  • Grossbach I, Stranberg S, Chlan L. Promoting effective communication for patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Nurse. 2011;31(3):46–60.
  • Patak L, Gawlinski A, Fung NI, et al. Communication boards in critical care: patients' views. Appl Nurs Res. 2006;19(4):182–190.
  • Pryor LN, Ward EC, Cornwell PL, et al. Establishing phonation using the Blom® tracheostomy tube system: a report of three cases post cervical spinal cord injury. Speech Lang Hearing. 2016;19(4):227–237.
  • Sutt AL, Caruana LR, Dunster KR, et al. Speaking valves in tracheostomised ICU patients weaning off mechanical ventilation–do they facilitate lung recruitment? Crit Care. 2016;20(1):91.
  • Thibault-Halman G, Casha S, Singer S, et al. Acute management of nutritional demands after spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 2011;28(8):1497–1507.
  • Dionyssiotis Y. Malnutrition in spinal cord injury: more than nutritional deficiency. J Clin Med Res. 2012;4(4):227–236.
  • Chen X, Liu Z, Sun T, et al. Relationship between nutritional status and mortality during the first 2 weeks following treatment for cervical spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2014;37(1):72–78.
  • Wong S, Graham A, Green D, et al. Nutritional supplement usage in patients admitted to a spinal cord injury center. J Spinal Cord Med. 2013;36(6):645–651.
  • Thomson WM. Dry mouth and older people. Aust Dent J. 2015;60 (Suppl. 1):54–63.
  • Kjeldsen CL, Hansen MS, Jensen K, et al. Patients' experience of thirst while being conscious and mechanically ventilated in the intensive care unit. Nurs Crit Care. 2018;23(2):75–81.
  • Pakpour AH, Kumar S, Scheerman JF, et al. Oral health-related quality of life in Iranian patients with spinal cord injury: a case-control study. Injury. 2016;47(6):1345–1352.
  • Yuen HK, Shotwell MS, Magruder KM, et al. Factors associated with oral problems among adults with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2009;32(4):408–415.
  • Shirlaw PJ, Khan A. Oral dryness and Sjögren's: an update. Br Dent J. 2017;223(9):649–654.
  • Hahnel S, Behr M, Handel G, et al. Saliva substitutes for the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia-a review. Support Care Cancer. 2009;17(11):1331–1343.
  • Middleton JM, Sharwood LN, Cameron P, et al. Right care, right time, right place: improving outcomes for people with spinal cord injury through early access to intervention and improved access to specialised care: study protocol. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;14(1):600.
  • Donovan W, Carter R, Bedbrook G, et al. Incidence of medical complications in spinal cord injury: patients in specialised, compared with non-specialised centres. Paraplegia. 1984;22(5):282–290.
  • Scheel-Sailer A, Post MW, Michel F, et al. Patients' views on their decision making during inpatient rehabilitation after newly acquired spinal cord injury-A qualitative interview-based study. Health Expect. 2017;20(5):1133–1142.