Torn between Two Lovers: German Policy on Economic and Monetary Union, the New Hanseatic League and Franco-German Bilateralism

References

• Anderson, Jeffrey J. 1997. “Hard Interests, Soft Power, and Germany’s Changing Role in Europe.” In Tamed Power: Germany in Europe, edited by Peter Katzenstein, 80–107. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bagger, Thomas. 2013. “The ‘German Question’ and the Nature of Leadership in Europe.” In Central Europe Digest, June 5. Washington, DC: Centre for European Policy Analysis. On file with the authors.
   Google Scholar
• Brunnermeier, Markus K., Harold James, and Jean-Pierre Landau. 2016. The Euro and the Battle of Ideas. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bulmer, Simon, Charlie Jeffery, and William Paterson. 2000. Germany’s European Diplomacy. Shaping the Regional Milieu. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bulmer, Simon, and William E. Paterson. 2018. Germany and the European Union. Europe’s Reluctant Hegemon. London: Macmillan Education; Red Globe Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bundesministerium der Finanzen. 2018. Deutsch-Französische Zusammenarbeit im Bundesfinanzministerium. https://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Standardartikel/Themen/Europa/Deutsch_Franz_Zusammenarbeit/2012-01-12-deutsch-franzoesische-zusammenarbeit.html.
   Google Scholar
• Coalition Agreement. 2018. Coalition Agreement between CDU, CSU and SPD, 19th Parliamentary Term. A New Awakening for Europe. A New Dynamic for Germany. A New Solidarity for our Country, Abstracts. Brussels: Konrad Adenauer Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Enderlein, Henrik, and Lukas Guttenberg. 2018. “Why Meseberg Matters: A Short Explainer of the Franco-German Position on Euro Area Reform.” In Policy Brief, June 22, Hertie School/Jacques Delors Centre. https://www.delorsinstitut.de/2015/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Meseberg-formatiert_final.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Eurogroup. 2018. Eurogroup report to Leaders on EMU Deepening. PR 738/18, Brussels, December 4.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2012. Communication from the Commission. A blueprint for a deep and genuine economic and monetary union. Brussels, November 28, COM(2012) 777 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2012:0777:FIN:EN:PDF.
   Google Scholar
• Falkner, Gerda and Magnus Schoeller. 2021. “Acting in the Shadow of German Hegemony? The Role of Smaller States in the Economic and Monetary Union.” German Politics.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feld, Lars P., Ekkehard A. Köhler, and Daniel Nientiedt. 2015. “Ordoliberalism, Pragmatism and the Eurozone Crisis: How the German Tradition Shaped Economic Policy in Europe.” European Review of International Studies 2 (3): 48–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v2i3.23448.
   Google Scholar
• Franck, Robert, and Claire Vandevivere. 2000. “Belgian Perceptions of German European Policy: A More German But Still European Germany.” In Germany’s European Policy: Perceptions in Key Partner Countries, edited by Mathias Jopp, Heinrich Schneider, and Uwe Schmalz, 133–143. Bonn: Europa Union Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• French and German Governments. 2018a. Franco-German Declaration. Meseberg, June 19. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files/germany/events/article/europe-franco-german-declaration-19-06-18.
   Google Scholar
• French and German Governments. 2018b. French German Roadmap for the Euro Area, June 13. https://www.economie.gouv.fr/files/files/PDF/2018/Finances-Euro_Area_Roadmap-EN.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• French and German Governments. 2018c. “Proposal on the Architecture of a Eurozone Budget within the Framework of the European Union.” 16 November. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/37011/proposal-on-the-architecture-of-a-eurozone-budget.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• French and German Governments. 2020. “European Union – French-German Initiative for the European Recovery from the Coronavirus Crisis.” 18 May. Paris. https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/coming-to-france/coronavirus-advice-for-foreign-nationals-in-france/coronavirus-statements/article/european-union-french-german-initiative-for-the-european-recovery-from-the.
   Google Scholar
• Government Offices of Sweden. 2018. Finance Ministers of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands and Sweden Underline their Shared Views and Values in the Discussion on the Architecture of the EMU. March 5. www.government.se/statements/2018/03/finance-ministers-from-denmark-estonia-finland-ireland-latvia-lithuania-the-netherlands-and-sweden/.
   Google Scholar
• Grieco, Joseph. 1995. “The Maastricht Treaty, Economic and Monetary Union and the Neo-Realist Research Programme.” Review of International Studies 21 (1): 21–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hacker, Björn, and Cédric M. Koch. 2017. The Divided Eurozone. Mapping Conflicting Interests on the Reform of the Monetary Union, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (International Policy Analysis). https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/bruessel/13335.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Howarth, David, and Joachim Schild. 2017. “France and European Macro-economic Policy Coordination: from the Treaty of Rome to the Euro Crisis.” Modern and Contemporary France, 25 (2): 171–190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jamet, Jean-Francois, Franck Lirzin, Joachim Schild, and Daniela Schwarzer. 2014. “Gestion de crise et réformes de la gouvernance de la zone euro: des approches différentes, mais une concertation étroite.” In L’atelier du consensus: Processus franco-allemands de communication et de décision, edited by Claire Demesmay, Martin Koopmann, and Julien Thorel, 21–42. Cergy-Pontoise: CIRAC.
   Google Scholar
• Juncker, Jean-Claude, Donald Tusk, Jeroen Dijsselbloem, Mario Draghi, and Martin Schulz. 2015. Completing Europe’s Economic and Monetary Union. Brussels. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/5-presidents-report_en.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Katzenstein, Peter J. 1997. “The Smaller European States, Germany and Europe.” In Tamed Power. Germany in Europe, edited by Peter J. Katzenstein, 251–304. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press.
   Google Scholar
• Krotz, Ulrich. 2010. “Regularized Intergovernmentalism: France-Germany and Beyond (1963-2009).” Foreign Policy Analysis 6: 147–185.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krotz, Ulrich, and Joachim Schild. 2013. Shaping Europe: France, Germany, and Embedded Bilateralism From the Elysée Treaty to Twenty-First Century Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Krotz, Ulrich, and Joachim Schild. 2018. France: Germany’s Indispensable Ally in European Policy-Making. German European Policy Series 1/18, Institut für Europäische Politik, Berlin 2018. Accessed June 3, 2020. http://iep-berlin.de/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/GEPS-01-18-France-Germanys-Indispensable-Ally-in-European-Policy-Making.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Krotz, Ulrich, and Lucas Schramm. 2021. “Embedded Bilateralism, Integration Theory, and European Crisis Politics: France, Germany, and the Birth of the EU Corona Recovery Fund.” JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies. Online first, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13251.
   Google Scholar
• Macron, Emmanuel. 2017. Interview with the weekly newspaper. Le Point, July 31. Accessed March 9, 2020. https://www.lepoint.fr/politique/exclusif-emmanuel-macron-le-grand-entretien-30-08-2017-2153393_20.php.
   Google Scholar
• Maes, Ivo, and Amy Verdun. 2005. “Small States and the Creation of EMU: Belgium and the Netherlands, Pace-Setters and Gate-Keepers.” JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 43 (2): 327–348.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthijs, Matthias. 2016. “Powerful Rules Governing the Euro: The Perverse Logic of German Ideas.” Journal of European Public Policy 23 (3): 375–391.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merkel, Angela. 2018. Interview with Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung, June 3. Accessed March 9, 2020. https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/kanzlerin-angela-merkel-f-a-s-interview-europa-muss-handlungsfaehig-sein-15619721.html.
   Google Scholar
• Pedersen, Thomas. 2002. “Co-operative Hegemony: Power, Ideas and Institutions in Regional Integration.” Review of International Studies 28 (4): 677–696.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoeller, Matthias. 2021. “Preventing the Eurozone Budget: Issue Replacement and Small State Influence in EMU.” Journal of European Public Policy 28 (11): 1727–1747.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verdun, Amy. 2021. “The Role of Small States in the Redesign of Economic and Monetary Union after the Sovereign Debt Crisis”. German Politics.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasserfallen, Fabio, Dirk Leuffen, Zdenek Kudrna, and Hanno Degner. 2019. “Analysing European Union Decision-making During the Eurozone Crisis with New Data.” European Union Politics 20 (1): 3–23 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webber, Douglas. 2019. European Disintegration? The Politics of Crisis in the European Union. London: Macmillan International Higher Education; Red Globe Press.
   Google Scholar
• ZDF.de. 2018. EU-Budget: ‘Nicht das, Was Wir Brauchen’, June 22. https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/zdf-morgenmagazin/wopke-hoekstra-100.html.
   Google Scholar
• Zunneberg, Christel. 2017a. German-Dutch relationship Key to EU Coalition Building. European Council on Foreign Relations, January, 16. https://www.ecfr.eu/article/commentary_note_to_berlin_german_dutch_relationship_key_to_eu_coalition_bui.
   Google Scholar
• Zunneberg, Christel. 2017b. Going Dutch: Why Germany needs others besides France. European Council on Foreign Relations, October 24. https://www.ecfr.eu/article/commentary_going_dutch_why_germany_needs_others_besides_france.
   Google Scholar