The centre-periphery divide and attitudes towards climate change measures among Western Europeans

References

• Alves Dias, P., et al., 2018. EU coal regions: opportunities and challenges ahead. EUR 29292 EN. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
   Google Scholar
• Arikan, G. and Günay, D., 2021. Public attitudes towards climate change: a cross-country analysis. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 23 (1), 158–174. doi:10.1177/1369148120951013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arikan, G., Melek, G., and Gunay, D., 2021. Emotions in climate change communication: an experimental investigation. Communications. doi:10.1515/commun-2020-0036
   Google Scholar
• Bento, A., et al., 2009. Distributional and efficiency impacts of increased US gasoline taxes. American Economic Revue, 99 (3), 158–174. doi:10.1257/aer.99.3.667
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bento, A.M., 2013. Equity impacts of environmental policy. Annual Review of Resource Economics, 5, 181–196. doi:10.1146/annurev-resource-091912-151925
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bornschier, S., 2010. The new cultural divide and the two-dimensional political space in Western Europe. West European Politics, 33 (3), 419–444. doi:10.1080/01402381003654387
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bornstein, N. and Lanz, B., 2008. Voting on the environment: price or ideology? Evidence from Swiss referendums. Ecological Economics, 67 (3), 430–440. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.12.026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brannlund, R. and Persson, L., 2012. To tax, or not to tax: preferences for climate policy attributes. Climate Policy, 12 (6), 704–721. doi:10.1080/14693062.2012.675732
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, D. and Schäfer, C., 2021. Issues that mobilize Europe. The role of key policy issues for voter turnout in the 2019 European parliament election. European Union Politics. doi:10.1177/14651165211040337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brieger, S.A., 2019. Social identity and environmental concern: the importance of contextual effects. Environment and Behavior, 51 (7), 828–855. doi:10.1177/0013916518756988
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryan, M.L. and Jenkins, S.P., 2016. Multilevel modelling of country effects: a cautionary tale. European Sociological Review, 32 (1), 3–22. doi:10.1093/esr/jcv059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Vries, C.E., 2018. The cosmopolitan-parochial divide: changing patterns of party and electoral competition in the Netherlands and Beyond. Journal of European Public Policy, 25 (11), 1541–1565. doi:10.1080/13501763.2017.1339730
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douenne, T. and Fabre, A., 2020. French attitudes on climate change, carbon taxation and other climate policies. Ecological Economics, 169, 106496. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106496
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drews, S. and van den Bergh, J., 2016. What explains public support for climate policies? A review of empirical and experimental studies. Climate Policy, 16 (7), 855–876. doi:10.1080/14693062.2015.1058240
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elchardus, M. and Spruyt, B., 2012. The contemporary contradictions of egalitarianism: an empirical analysis of the relationship between the old and new left/right alignments. European Political Science Review, 4 (2), 217–239. doi:10.1017/S1755773911000178
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Social Survey Round 8 Data, 2016. Data file edition 2.1. NSD - Norwegian Centre for Research Data, doi:10.21338/NSD-ESS8-2016.
   Google Scholar
• Fairbrother, M., 2013. Rich people, poor people, and environmental concern: evidence across nations and time. European Sociological Review, 29 (5), 910–922. doi:10.1093/esr/jcs068
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairbrother, M., Sevä, I.J., and Kulin, J., 2019. Political trust and the relationship between climate change beliefs and support for fossil fuel taxes: evidence from a survey of 23 European countries. Global Environmental Change, 59, 102003. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.102003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filippini, M. and Heimsch, F., 2016. The regional impact of a CO2 tax on gasoline demand: a spatial econometric approach. Resource and Energy Economics, 46, 85–100. doi:10.1016/j.reseneeco.2016.07.002s
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fobissie, E.N. and Inc, F., 2019. The role of environmental values and political ideology on public support for renewable energy policy in Ottawa, Canada. Energy Policy, 134, 110918. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2019.110918
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franzen, A. and Meyer, R., 2010. Environmental attitudes in cross-national perspective: a multilevel analysis of the ISSP 1993 and 2000. European Sociological Review, 26 (2), 219–234. doi:10.1093/esr/jcp018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franzen, A. and Vogl, D., 2013. Two decades of measuring environmental attitudes: a comparative analysis of 33 countries. Global Environmental Change, 23 (5), 1001–1008. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.03.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fullerton, D., 2011. Six distributional effects of environmental policy. Risk Analysis: An International Journal, 31 (6), 923–929. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01628.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gimpel, J.G., et al., 2020. The urban-rural Gulf in American political behavior. Political Behavior, 42 (4), 1343–1368. doi:10.1007/s11109-020-09601-w
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammar, H. and Jagers, S.C., 2007. What is a fair CO2 tax increase? On fair emission reductions in the transport sector. Ecological Economics, 61 (2–3), 377–387. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.03.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hao, F., 2016. A panel regression study on multiple predictors of environmental concern for 82 countries across seven years. Social Science Quarterly, 97 (5), 991–1004. doi:10.1111/ssqu.12237
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heisig, J.P. and Schaeffer, M., 2019. Why you should always include a random slope for the lower-level variable involved in a cross-level interaction. European Sociological Review, 35 (2), 258–279. doi:10.1093/esr/jcy053
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hox, J., 2002. Multilevel analysis techniques and applications. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Huber, R.A., 2020. The role of populist attitudes in explaining climate change skepticism and support for environmental protection. Environmental Politics, 29 (6), 959–982. doi:10.1080/09644016.2019.1708186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inglehart, R., 1995. Public support for environmental-protection—Objective problemsand subjective values in 43 societies. PS Political Science & Politics, 28, 57–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jagers, S.C. and Hammar, H., 2009. Environmental taxation for good and for bad: the efficiency and legitimacy of Sweden’s carbon tax. Environmental Politics, 18 (2), 218–237. doi:10.1080/09644010802682601
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kriesi, H., 1998. The transformation of cleavage politics: the 1997 Stein Rokkan lecture. European Journal of Political Research, 33 (1), 165–185. doi:10.1111/1475-6765.00379
   Google Scholar
• Kulin, J., Johansson Sevä, I., and Dunlap, R.E., 2021. Nationalist ideology, rightwing populism, and public views about climate change in Europe. Environmental Politics, 30 (7), 1111–1134. doi:10.1080/09644016.2021.1898879
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, R. and Liebe, U., 2010. Are the affluent prepared to pay for the planet? Explaining willingness to pay for public and quasi-private environmental goods in Switzerland. Population and Environment, 32 (1), 42–65. doi:10.1007/s11111-010-0116-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikodinoska, D. and Schröder, C., 2016. On the emissions–inequality and emissions–welfare trade-offs in energy taxation: evidence on the German car fuels tax. Resource and Energy Economics, 44 (May), 206–233. doi:10.1016/j.reseneeco.2016.03.001
   Google Scholar
• Ostrom, E., 2010. Polycentric systems for coping with collective action and global environmental change. Global Environmental Change, 20 (4), 550–557. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.07.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierson, P., 1996. The new politics of the welfare state. World Politics, 48 (2), 143–179. doi:10.1353/wp.1996.0004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poterba, J. 1991. Is the gasoline tax regressive? In: D. Bradford, ed. Tax policy and the economy 5. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, Vol. 1991, 145–164.
   Google Scholar
• Prakash, A. and Bernauer, T., 2020. Survey research in environmental politics: why it is important and what the challenges are. Environmental Politics, 29 (7), 1127–1134. doi:10.1080/09644016.2020.1789337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabe-Hesketh, S. and Skrondal, A., 2012. Multilevel and longitudinal modeling using stata. Third Edition. College Station, TX: Stata Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sandvik, H., 2008. Public concern over global warming correlates negatively with national wealth. Climate Change, 90 (3), 333–341. doi:10.1007/s10584-008-9429-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scruggs, L. and Benegal, S., 2012. Declining public concern about climate change: can we blame the great recession? Global Environmental Change, 22 (2), 505–515. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spiller, E., Stephens, H.M., and Chen, Y., 2017. Understanding the heterogeneous effects of gasoline taxes across income and location. Resource and Energy Economics, 50, 74–90. doi:10.1016/j.reseneeco.2017.07.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spoon, J.J., Hobolt, S.B., and de Vries, C.E., 2014. Going green: explaining issue competition on the environment. European Journal of Political Research, 53 (2), 363–380. doi:10.1111/1475-6765.12032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stegmueller, D., 2013. How many countries do you need for multilevel modelling? A comparison of Bayesian and frequentist approaches. American Journal of Political Science, 57 (3), 748–761. doi:10.1111/ajps.12001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stokes, L.C., 2016. Electoral Backlash against climate policy: a natural experiment on retrospective voting and local resistance to public policy. American Journal of Political Science, 60 (4), 958–974. doi:10.1111/ajps.12220
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treib, O., 2021. Euroscepticism is here to stay: what cleavage theory can teach us about the 2019 European parliament elections. Journal of European Public Policy, 28 (2), 174–189. doi:10.1080/13501763.2020.1737881
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weaver, R.K., 1986. The politics of blame avoidance. Journal of Public Policy, 6 (4), 371–398. doi:10.1017/S0143814X00004219
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, J.Q., 1980. The politics of regulation. In: J.Q. Wilson, ed. The politics of regulation. New York: Basic Books, 357–394.
   Google Scholar
• Wolsko, C., Ariceaga, H., and Seiden, J., 2016. Red, white, and blue enough to be green: effects of moral framing on climate change attitudes and conservation behaviors. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 65, 7–19. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2016.02.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziegler, A., 2017. Political orientation, environmental values, and climate change beliefs and attitudes: an empirical cross country analysis. Energy Economics, 63, 144–153. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2017.01.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar