Evaluating the ‘threat’ effects of grade repetition: exploiting the 2001 reform by the French-Speaking Community of Belgium

References

• Black, D. A., Smith, J. A., Berger, M. C., Brett, J. N. (2003). Is the threat of reemployment services more effective than the services themselves? Evidence from random assignment in the UI system. American Economic Review, 93, no. (4), 1313–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cockx, B., Dejemeppe, M. (2007). Is the notification of monitoring a threat to the unemployed? A regression discontinuity approach. , IZA Discussion Paper no. 2854. Bonn: Institute for the Study of Labor
   Google Scholar
• Eide, E. R., Showlater, M. H. (2001). The effect of grade retention on educational and labour market outcomes. Economics of Education Review, 20, no. (6), 563–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganzeboom, H. B.G., de Graff, P., Treiman, D. (1992). A standard international socio-economic index of occupational status. Social Science Research, 21, no. (1), 1–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geerdsen, L. P. (2006). Is there a threat effect of labour market programmes? A study of ALMP in the Danish UI system. The Economic Journal, 116, no. (513), 738–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geerdsen, L. P., Holm, A. (2007). Duration of UI periods and the perceived threat effect from labour market programmes. Labour Economics, 14, no. (4), 639–52.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goos, M., Van Damme, J., Onghena, P., Petry, K. (2010). First-grade retention: Effects on children's academic and psychosocial growth throughout primary education. , Report to the Flemish Minister of Education, Programme ‘Steunpunten voor Beleidsrelevant Onderzoek’, Brussels
   Google Scholar
• Grissom, J., Shepard, L. (1989). Repeating and dropping out of school. In ShepardL.SmithM. (Ed.), Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention, (pp. 34–63). London: The Palmer Press.
   Google Scholar
• Heckman, J., LaLonde, R., Smith, J. (1999). The economics and econometrics of active labor market programs. In AshenfelterO.Card, D. (Ed.), Handbook of labor economics: chap. 31, vol. IV, 1865–2073. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Holmes, C. T. (1989). Grade level retention effects: A meta-analysis of research studies. In ShepardL. A.SmithM. L. (Ed.), Flunking grades: Research and policies on retention, (pp. 16–33). London: Falmer.
   Google Scholar
• Jacob, B. A. (2005). Accountability, incentives and behavior: The impact of high-stakes testing in the Chicago public schools. Journal of Public Economics, 89, no. (5–6), 761–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacob, B. A., Lefgren, L. (2004). Remedial education and student achievement: A regression-discontinuity analysis. Review of Economics and Statistics, LXXXVI, no. (1), 226–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacob, B. A., Lefgren, L. (2009). The effect of grade retention on high school completion. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, 1, no. (3), 33–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jimerson, S. R. (1999). On the failure of failure. Journal of School Psychology, 37, no. (3), 243–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jimerson, S. R. (2001). Meta-analysis of grade retention research: Implications for practice in the 21st century. School Psychology Review, 30, no. (3), 420–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manacorda, M. (forthcoming). The cost of grade retention. Review of Economics and Statistics, , doi:10.1162/REST_a_00165
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roderick, M. (1994). Grade retention and school dropout: Investigating the association. American Educational Research Journal, 31, no. (4), 729–59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roderick, M., Nagaoka, J. (2005). Retention under Chicago's high-stakes testing program: Helpful, harmful, or harmless?. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 27, no. (4), 309–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosholm, M., Svarer, M. (2004). Estimating the threat effect of active labour market programmes. , IZA Discussion Paper no. 1300. Bonn: Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)
   Google Scholar
• Rosholm, M., Svarer, M. (2008). The threat effect of active labour market programmes. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 110, no. (2), 385–401.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar