7,178
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Current developments

Time to stop twisting the knife: a critical commentary on the rights and wrongs of criminal justice responses to problem youth in the UK

Pages 193-206 | Published online: 24 Aug 2010

References

  • ACPO/ Home Office . 2007 . Knife crime best practice guidelines , London : Home Office .
  • Adnett , N. and Slack , K. 2007 . Are there economic incentives for non-traditional students to enter HE? The labour market as a barrier to widening participation . Higher Education Quarterly , 61 ( 1 ) : 23 – 36 .
  • Barnardo's . 2008 . Breaking the cycle: believe in children , Ilford : Barnardo's .
  • Bauman, Z., 2008. The absence of society [online]. The Social Evils Series, Joseph Rowntree Foundation available from: http://www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/pdf/2284.pdf [accessed on 28th November 2008]
  • BBC, 2008a. ‘“Selective” knife statistics blasted’ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7780057.stm [Accessed 12 December 2008]
  • BBC, 2008b. Knife carrying down in ‘hotspots’ [online]. Available from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7776654.stm [Accessed 11 December 2008]
  • Brown , S. 2005 . Understanding youth and crime: listening to youth? , Maidenhead : Open University Press .
  • Cabinet Office . 2008 . Getting on getting ahead , London : Cabinet Office . [online]. Available from: http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/∼/media/assets/www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/strategy/socialmobility/gettingon%20pdf.ashx [accessed 28 November 2008]
  • Coalition for Equality in the Criminal Justice System . 2008 . Less equal than others: ethnic minorities and the criminal justice system , York : Clinks .
  • Convery , U. , Haydon , D. , Moore , L. and Scraton , P. 2008 . Children, rights and justice in Northern Ireland: Community and custody . Youth justice , 8 ( 3 ) : 245 – 263 .
  • Cook , D. 2006 . Criminal and social justice , London : Sage .
  • Crawford , A. and Lister , S. 2007 . The use and impact of dispersal orders: sticking plasters and wake-up calls , Bristol : Policy Press .
  • Davies, M., 2008. The effects of discrimination on families in the fight to end child poverty. Joseph Rowntree Foundation [online]. Available from: http://www.jrf.org.uk/bookshop/eBooks/2271-poverty-exclusion-discrimination.pdf [Accessed 28 November 2008]
  • Deakin , J. 2006 . Dangerous people, dangerous places: the nature and location of young people's victimisation and fear . Children & society , 20 ( 5 ) : 376 – 390 .
  • Department for Communities and Local Government . 2006 . 2005 citizenship survey; active communities topic report , London : Department for Communities and Local Government .
  • Eades , C. , Grimshaw , R. , Silvestri , A. and Solomon , E. 2007 . ‘Knife crime’. a review of evidence and policy , 2nd ed. , London : Centre for Crime and Justice Studies .
  • Evans , G. 2007 . Educational failure and working class white children in Britain , Basingstoke : Macmillan .
  • Gaskell , C. 2008 . ‘But they just don't respect us’: young people's experiences of (dis)respected citizenship and the New Labour respect agenda . Children's geographies , 6 ( 3 ) : 223 – 238 .
  • Gilbert , R. , Spatz Widom , C. , Browne , D. , Fergusson , D. , Webb , E. and Janson , S. 2008 . Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries . The lancet , 3 December [online]. Available from: http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)61706-7/fulltext [Accessed 10 December 2008]
  • Golding , B. and McClory , J. 2008 . Going ballistic: dealing with guns, gangs and knives , London : Policy Exchange .
  • Hallsworth , S. and Young , T. 2008 . Gang talk and gang talkers: a critique . Crime, media, culture , 4 ( 2 ) : 175 – 195 .
  • Hammarberg , T. 2008 . A juvenile justice approach built on human rights principles . Youth justice , 8 ( 3 ) : 193 – 196 .
  • HEFCE, 2008. HEFCE strategic plan 2006–11 [online]. Available from: http://www.hefce.ac.uk/pubs/hefce/2008/08_15/08_15.pdf [Accessed 6 December 2008]
  • Hirsch , D. 2008 . What is needed to end child poverty in 2020? York: Joseph Rowntree
  • Hollingsworth , K. 2008 . Protecting rights at the margins of youth justice in England and Wales: intensive fostering, custody and leaving custody . Youth justice , 8 ( 3 ) : 229 – 244 .
  • Home Office, 2008a. Tough new sanctions to tackle knife crime [online]. Available from; http://press.homeoffice.gov.uk/press-releases/Knife-Crime-Sanctions [Accessed 11 December 2008]
  • Home Office, 2008b. Youth crime action plan. London, Home Office [online]. Available from: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/documents/youth-crime-action-plan/ [Accessed 11 December 2008]
  • Home Office, 2008c. Tackling knives, saving lives – increased action to tackle knife crime, Press Release 18 August [online]. Available from: http://press.homeoffice.gov.uk/press-releases/tackling-knives [Accessed 11 December 2008]
  • Home Office . 2009 . Crime in England and Wales: quarterly update to December 2008 , London : Home Office . Home Office Statistical Bulletin
  • Hough , M. and Roberts , J.V. 2004 . Youth crime and youth justice: public opinion in England and Wales , Bristol : Policy Press .
  • Howard League for Penal Reform . 2008 . Punishing children: a survey of criminal responsibility and approaches across Europe , London : Howard League for Penal Reform .
  • Include Youth . 2008 . A manifesto for youth justice in Northern Ireland , Belfast : Include Youth .
  • Kilkelly , U. 2008 . Youth justice and children's rights: measuring compliance with international standards . Youth justice , 8 ( 3 ) : 187 – 192 .
  • Kintrea , K. , Bannister , J. , Pickering , J. , Reid , M. and Suzuki , N. 2008 . Young people and territoriality in British cities , York : Joseph Rowntree Foundation .
  • Lawson , N. 2008 . A wrong turn in the search for freedom? , The Social Evils Series York : Joseph Rowntree Foundation . [online]. Available from: http://www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/pdf/2286.pdf [Accessed 28 November 2008]
  • Liberty . 2008 . Liberty's evidence to the Home Affairs Select Committee: knife crime , London : Liberty .
  • Marfleet , N. 2008 . Why carry a weapon? A study of knife crime amongst 15–17 year-old males in London , London : Howard League for Penal Reform .
  • Margo , J. 2008 . Make me a criminal: preventing youth crime , London : Institute for Public Policy Research .
  • Margo , J. , Dixon , M. , Pearce , N. and Reed , H. 2006 . Freedom's orphans: raising youth in a changing world , London : IPPR .
  • Ministry of Justice . 2009 . “ Knife crime sentencing quarterly brief October to December 2008 England and Wales ” . In Ministry of Justice Statistics Bulletin , London : Ministry of Justice . [online]. Available from: http://www.justice.gov.uk/publications/docs/knife-crime-sentencing-q4-2008i(1).pdf [Accessed 14 March 2009]
  • Minton , A. 2008 . Why are fear and distrust spiralling in twenty-first century Britain , The Social Evils Series York : Joseph Rowntree Foundation . [online]. Available from: http://www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/pdf/2282.pdf [Accessed 28 November 2008]
  • Nayak , A. 2003 . ‘Through children's eyes’: childhood, place and the fear of crime . Geoforum , 34 ( 3 ) : 303 – 315 .
  • Neuberger , J. 2008 . Unkind, risk averse and untrusting – if this is today's society, can we change it? , The Social Evils Series York : Joseph Rowntree Foundation . [online]. Available from: http://www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/pdf/2280.pdf [Accessed 28 November 2008]
  • Newburn , T. and Shiner , M. 2005 . Dealing with disaffection: young people, mentoring and social exclusion , Cullompton : Willan .
  • Penna , S. 2004 . The Children Act 2004: child protection and child surveillance . Journal of social welfare and family law , 207 ( 2 ) : 143 – 157 .
  • Pitts , J. 2007 . Reluctant gangsters: youth gangs in Waltham Forest , Luton : University of Bedfordshire .
  • Roe , S. and Ashe , J. 2008 . Young people and crime: findings from the 2006 offending, crime and justice survey , London : Research Development and Statistics Directorate, Home Office . Home Office Statistical Bulletin 09/08
  • Solomon , E. and Garside , R. 2008 . Ten years of Labour's youth justice reforms: an independent audit , London : Centre for Crime and Justice Studies .
  • Squires , P. , Silvstri , A. , with Grimshaw , R. and Solomon , E. 2008 . Street weapons commission: guns, knives and street violence , London : Centre for Crime and Justice Studies .
  • Squires , P. and Stephen , D.E. 2005 . Rougher justice: young people and anti-social behaviour , Cullompton : Willan .
  • Stephen , D.E. and Squires , P. 2004 . ‘They're still children and entitled to be children.’ Problematising the institutionalised mistrust of marginalised youth in Britain . Journal of youth studies , 7 ( 3 ) : 351 – 369 .
  • Stephen , D.E. 2006 . “ Community safety and young people: 21st century homo sacer and the politics of injustice ” . In Community safety: critical perspectives on policy and practice , Edited by: Squires , P. Bristol : Policy Press .
  • Stephen , D.E. 2008 . “ The responsibility of respecting justice: an open challenge to Tony Blair's successors ” . In ASBO nation: the criminalisation of nuisance , Edited by: Squires , P. Bristol : Policy .
  • Thake , S. 2008 . Individualism and consumerism: reframing the debate , The Social Evils Series York : Joseph Rowntree Foundation . [online]. Available from: http://www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/pdf/2287.pdf [Accessed 28 November 2008]
  • The Guardian, 2008. Met defends stop-and-search tactics as it claims limited success in reducing knife crime [online]. Available from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2008/nov/18/knife-crime-stop-and-search/print [Accessed 19 November 2008]
  • The Independent, 2008. now it's the age of the knife [online]. Available from: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/now-its-the-age-of-the-knife-777548.html [Accessed 19 November 2008]
  • The Telegraph, 2008. Knife crime reduced in areas targeted by police, new figures show [online]. Available from: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/lawandorder/3706073/Knife-crime-reduced-in-areas-targeted-by-police-new-figures-show.html [Accessed 11 December 2008]
  • Turner , K.M. , Hill , M. , Stafford , A. and Walker , M. 2006 . How children from disadvantaged neighbourhoods keep safe . Health education , 106 ( 6 ) : 450 – 464 .
  • UN Committee of the Rights of the Child, 2008. Consideration of reports submitted by states parties under article 44 of the constitution. concluding observations: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [online]. Available from: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,CRC,4906d1d72,0.html [Accessed 1 December 2008]
  • UNICEF, 2007. An overview of child well-being in rich countries. Report card 7. Florence: UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre [online]. Available from: http://www.unicef-icdc.org/publications/pdf/rc7_eng.pdf [Accessed 1 December 2008]
  • Wikstrom , P.-O. H. and Svensson , R. 2008 . Why are English youths more violent than Swedish youths? . European journal of criminology , 5 ( 3 ) : 309 – 330 .
  • Young , J. 2007 . The vertigo of late modernity , London : Sage .
  • Youth Justice Board . 2007 . Groups, gangs and weapons , London : Youth justice Board for England and Wales .
  • Zedner , L. 2005 . Securing liberty in the face of terror: reflections from criminal justice . Journal of law and society , 32 ( 4 ) : 507 – 533 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.