221
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Explaining Cross-national Variations in the Size of the Shadow Economy in Central and Eastern Europe

References

  • Ahmad, Ali Nobel. 2008. “Dead Men Working: Time and Space in London’s (‘Illegal’) Migrant Economy.” Work, Employment & Society 22: 301–318.
  • Amin, Ash, Angus Cameron, and Ray Hudson. 2002. Placing the Social Economy. London: Routledge.
  • Becker, Kristina Flodman. 2004. The Informal Economy. Stockholm: Swedish International Development Agency.
  • Boeke, Julius Herman. 1942. Economies and Economic Policy in Dual Societies. Harlem: Tjeenk Willnik.
  • Breusch, Trevor. 2005. Estimating the Underground Economy Using MIMIC Models. Canberra: School of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Commerce, Australian National University.
  • Buehn, Andreas, and Friedrich Schneider. 2012. “Shadow Economies around the World: Novel Insights, Accepted Knowledge, and New Estimates.” International Tax and Public Finance 19: 139–171.10.1007/s10797-011-9187-7
  • Castells, Manuel, and Alejandro Portes. 1989. “World underneath: The Origins, Dynamics and Effects of the Informal Economy.” In The Informal Economy: Studies in Advanced and Less Developing Countries, edited by Alejandro Portes, Manuel Castells, and Laura Benton, 19–41. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press.
  • Chen, Martha. 2012. The Informal Economy: Definitions, Theories and Policies. Manchester, NH: Women in Informal Employment Global and Organising.
  • Davis, Mike. 2006. Planet of Slums. London: Verso.
  • De Soto, Hernando. 1989. The Other Path. London: Harper and Row.
  • De Soto, Hernando. 2001. The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere Else. London: Black Swan.
  • Dibben, Pauline, and Colin C. Williams. 2012. “Varieties of Capitalism and Employment Relations: Informally Dominated Market Economies.” Industrial Relations: A Review of Economy & Society 51: 563–582.
  • Eurofound. 2013. Tackling Undeclared Work in 27 European Union Member States and Norway: Approaches and Measures since 2008. Dublin: Eurofound.
  • European Commission. 1998. Communication of the Commission on Undeclared Work. Brussels: European Commission.
  • European Commission. 2007. Special Eurobarometer 284: Undeclared Work in the European Union. Brussels: European Commission.
  • European Commission. 2011. Employment and Social Developments in Europe 2011. Brussels: European Commission.
  • European Commission. 2013. Employment and Social Developments in Europe 2013. Brussels: European Commission.
  • Eurostat. 2007. Taxation Trends in the European Union: Data for the EU Member States and Norway. Brussels: Eurostat.
  • Eurostat. 2010. Taxation Trends in the European Union: Main Results. Brussels: Eurostat.
  • Eurostat. 2013a. GDP per Capita in PPS. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=tec00114.
  • Eurostat. 2013b. At Risk of Poverty Rate by Sex. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=tsdsc260.
  • Eurostat. 2013c. Inequality of Income Distribution. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=tessi010.
  • Eurostat. 2013d. Labour Market Policy Interventions. Accessed February 14, 2014. http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Labour_market_policy_interventions.
  • Evans, Mel, Stephen Syrett, and Colin C. Williams. 2006. Informal Economic Activities and Deprived Neighbourhood. London: Department of Communities and Local Government.
  • Feld, Lars, and Claus Larsen. 2012. Undeclared Work, Deterrence and Social Norms. Berlin: Springer Verlag.10.1007/978-3-540-87401-0
  • Feld, Lars, and Friedrich Schneider. 2010. “Survey on the Shadow Economy and Undeclared Earnings in OECD Countries.” German Economic Review 11: 109–149.10.1111/(ISSN)1468-0475
  • Franck, Anne. 2012. “Factors Motivating Women’s Informal Micro-entrepreneurship: Experiences from Penang, Malaysia.” International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship 4: 65–78.10.1108/17566261211202981
  • Gallin, Dan. 2001. “Propositions on Trade Unions and Informal Employment in Times of Globalisation.” Antipode 33: 531–549.10.1111/anti.2001.33.issue-3
  • Geertz, Clifford. 1963. Old Societies and New States: The Quest for Modernity in Asia and Africa. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
  • GHK and Fondazione Brodolini. 2009. Study on Indirect Measurement Methods for Undeclared Work in the EU. Brussels: European Commission.
  • Gilbert, Alan. 1998. The Latin American City. London: Latin American Bureau.
  • Grant, Rebecca. 2013. “Gendered Spaces of Informal Entrepreneurship in Soweto, South Africa.” Urban Geography 34: 86–108.10.1080/02723638.2013.778640
  • Gurtoo, Anjula, and Colin C. Williams. 2009. “Entrepreneurship and the Informal Sector: Some Lessons from India.” The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 10: 55–62.10.5367/000000009787414280
  • Hudson, Ray. 2005. Economic Geographies: Circuits, Flows and Spaces. London: Sage.
  • ICRG. 2013. International Country Risk Guide (ICRG). Accessed December 2. http://www.prsgroup.com/icrg.aspx
  • ILO. 2011. Statistical Update on Employment in the Informal Economy. Geneva: ILO Department of Statistics.
  • ILO. 2012. Statistical Update on Employment in the Informal Economy. Geneva: ILO Department of Statistics.
  • ILO. 2013a. Women and Men in the Informal Economy: Statistical Picture. Accessed February 18, 2014. http://laborsta.ilo.org/informal_economy_E.html
  • ILO. 2013b. Transitioning from the Informal to the Formal Economy. Report V (1), International Labour Conference, 103rd Session (2014). Geneva: ILO.
  • Jütting, Johannes P., and Juan R. Laiglesia. 2009. “Employment, Poverty Reduction and Development: What’s New?” In Is Informal Normal? Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries, edited by Johannes P. Jütting and Juan R. Laiglesia, 17–26. Paris: OECD.
  • Lewis, Arthur. 1959. The Theory of Economic Growth. London: Allen and Unwin.
  • London, Ted, and Stuart L. Hart. 2004. “Reinventing Strategies for Emerging Markets: Beyond the Transnational Model.” Journal of International Business Studies 35: 350–370.10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400099
  • Meagher, Kate. 2010. Identity Economics: Social Networks and the Informal Economy in Nigeria. New York: James Currey.
  • Nwabuzor, Augustine. 2005. “Corruption and Development: New Initiatives in Economic Openness and Strengthened Rule of Law.” Journal of Business Ethics 59: 121–138.10.1007/s10551-005-3402-3
  • OECD. 2012. Reducing Opportunities for Tax Non-Compliance in the Underground Economy. Paris: OECD.
  • OECD. 2013a. “Total Tax Revenue.” Taxation: Key Tables from OECD, no. 2. doi:10.1787/taxrev-table-2012-1-en.
  • OECD. 2013b. “Taxes on Income and Profit.” Taxation: Key Tables from OECD, no. 3: doi:10.1787/tax-inc-prof-table-2012-1-en.
  • OECD. 2013c. OECD Social Expenditure Statistics. doi:10.1787/socx-data-en.
  • OECD. 2013d. Employment Outlook 2013. Paris: OECD.
  • Oviedo, Ana Maria, Mark R. Thomas, and Kamer Karakurum-Özdemir. 2009. Economic Informality: Causes, Costs and Policies – A Literature Survey. Washington, DC: World Bank Working Paper No. 167, World Bank.10.1596/r44
  • Packard, Truman. 2007. Do Workers in Chile Choose Informal Employment? A Dynamic Analysis of Sector Choice. Washington, DC: World Bank Latin American and the Caribbean Region Social Projection Unit.10.1596/prwp
  • Pfau-Effinger, Birgit. 2009. “Varieties of Undeclared Work in European Societies.” British Journal of Industrial Relations 47: 79–99.10.1111/bjir.2009.47.issue-1
  • Ram, Monder, and Colin C. Williams. 2008. “Making Visible the Hidden: Researching Off-the-Books Work.” In Handbook of Organizational Research Methods, edited by David Buchanan and Alan Bryson, 142–160. London: Sage.
  • Renooy, Piet, Sylvie Ivarsson, Olga van der Wusten-Gritsai, and Raymond Meijer. 2004. Undeclared Work in an Enlarged Union: An Analysis of Shadow Work – An in-Depth Study of Specific Items. Brussels: European Commission.
  • Rodgers, Peter, and Colin C. Williams. 2009. “Guest Editors’ Introduction.” International Journal of Sociology 39: 3–11.10.2753/IJS0020-7659390200
  • Sassen, Saskia. 1996. “Service Employment Regimes and the New Inequality.” In Urban Poverty and the Underclass, edited by Enzo Mingione, 142–159. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
  • Sauvy, Alain. 1984. Le Travail Noir et l’Economie de Demain. Paris: Calmann-Levy.
  • Schneider, Friedrich. 2005. “Shadow Economy around the World: What Do We Really Know?” European Journal of Political Economy 21: 598–642.10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2004.10.002
  • Schneider, Friedrich, ed. 2008. The Hidden Economy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Schneider, Friedrich. 2013. “Size and Development of the Shadow Economy of 31 European and 5 Other OECD Countries from 2003 to 2013: A Further Decline.” Accessed February 6, 2014. http://www.econ.jku.at/members/Schneider/files/publications/2013/ShadEcEurope31_Jan2013.pdf
  • Schneider, Friedrich, and Colin C. Williams. 2013. The Shadow Economy. London: Institute of Economic Affairs.10.1017/CBO9781139542289
  • Schneider, Friedrich, Andreas Buehn, and Alain Montenegro. 2010. “New Estimates for the Shadow Economies all over the World.” International Economic Journal 24: 443–461.10.1080/10168737.2010.525974
  • Sepulveda, Leandro, and Stephen Syrett. 2007. “Out of the Shadows? Formalisation Approaches to Informal Economic Activity.” Policy and Politics 35: 87–104.10.1332/030557307779657739
  • Slavnic, Zoran. 2010. “Political Economy of Informalization.” European Societies 12: 3–23.10.1080/14616690903042724
  • Small Business Council. 2004. Small Business in the Informal Economy: Making the Transition to the Formal Economy. London: Small Business Council.
  • Taiwo, Olumide. 2013. “Employment Choice and Mobility in Multi-sector Labour Markets: Theoretical Model and Evidence from Ghana.” International Labour Review 152: 469–492.10.1111/ilr.2013.152.issue-3-4
  • Transparency International. 2013. Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI). Accessed March 12. http://www.transparency.org/research/cpi/cpi_2007
  • Vanderseypen, Guido, Teodora Tchipeva, Jorg Peschner, Piet Rennoy, and Colin C. Williams. 2013. “Undeclared Work: Recent Developments.” In Employment and Social Developments in Europe 2013, edited by European Commission, 231–274. European Commission: Brussels.
  • White, Richard. 2009. “Explaining Why the Non-commodified Sphere of Mutual Aid is so Pervasive in the Advanced Economies: Some Case Study Evidence from an English City.” International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 29: 457–472.10.1108/01443330910986252
  • Williams, Colin C. 2006. The Hidden Enterprise Culture. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.10.4337/9781847201881
  • Williams, Colin C. 2011. “Reconceptualising Men’s and Women’s Undeclared Work: Evidence from Europe.” Gender, Work & Organization 18: 415–437.10.1111/gwao.2011.18.issue-4
  • Williams, Colin C. 2012. “Explaining Undeclared Wage Payments by Employers in Central and Eastern Europe: A Critique of the Neo-liberal De-regulatory Theory.” Debatte: Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe 20: 3–20.
  • Williams, Colin C. 2013a. “Tackling Europe’s Informal Economy: A Critical Evaluation of the Neo-liberal De-Regulatory Perspective.” Journal of Contemporary European Research 9: 261–279.
  • Williams, Colin C. 2013b. “Evaluating Cross-national Variations in the Extent and Nature of Informal Employment in the European Union.” Industrial Relations Journal 44: 479–494.10.1111/irj.2013.44.issue-5-6
  • Williams, Colin C. 2014. “Out of the Shadows: A Classification of Economies by the Size and Character of Their Informal Sector.” Work, Employment & Society 28 (5): 735–753. doi:10.1177/0950017013501951.
  • Williams, Colin C., and Mark Lansky. 2013. “Informal Employment in Developed and Developing Economies: Perspectives and Policy Responses.” International Labour Review 152: 355–380.10.1111/ilr.2013.152.issue-3-4
  • Williams, Colin C., and Sara Nadin. 2012. “Tackling the Hidden Enterprise Culture: Government Policies to Support the Formalization of Informal Entrepreneurship.” Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 24 (9–10): 895–915.10.1080/08985626.2012.742325
  • Williams, Colin C., and John Round. 2010. “Explaining Participation in Undeclared Work: A Result of Exit or Exclusion.” European Societies 12: 391–418.10.1080/14616691003716910
  • Williams, Colin C., Sara Nadin, Aaron Barbour, and Marlene Llanes. 2012. Enabling Enterprise: Tackling the Barriers to Formalisation. London: Community Links.
  • World Bank. 2013. World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank. Accessed January 10, 2014. http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators
  • World Bank. 2014. GNI per Capita, PPP (Current International $). Accessed February 12. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD
  • Yamada, Gustavo. 1996. “Urban Informal Employment and Self-Employment in Developing Countries: Theory and Evidence.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 44: 244–266.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.