A re-evaluation of the phonological similarity effect in adults' short-term memory of words and nonwords

References

• Baddeley , A. D. 1966 . The influence of acoustic and semantic similarity on long-term memory for word sequences . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 18 : 302 – 309 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baddeley , A. D. 1968 . How does acoustic similarity influence short-term memory? . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 20 : 249 – 263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baddeley , A. D. 1986 . Working memory , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Baddeley , A. D. and Lewis , V. J. 1984 . When does rapid presentation enhance digit span? . Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society , 22 : 403 – 405 .
   Google Scholar
• Besner , D. and Davelaar , E. 1982 . Basic processes in reading: Two phonological codes . Canadian Journal of Psychology , 36 : 701 – 711 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , G. D. A. 1997 . “ Formal models of memory for serial order: A review ” . In Cognitive models of memory , Edited by: Conway , M. A. 47 – 77 . Cambridge , MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , G. D. A. and Hulme , C. 1995 . Modelling item length effects in memory span: No rehearsal needed? . Journal of Memory and Language , 34 : 594 – 621 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , G. D. A. , Hulme , C. and Preece , T. 2000 . Oscillator-based memory for serial order . Psychological Review , 107 : 127 – 181 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burgess , N. and Hitch , G. J. 1992 . Toward a network model of the articulatory loop . Journal of Memory and Language , 31 : 429 – 460 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burgess , N. and Hitch , G. J. 1999 . Memory for serial order: A network model of the phonological loop and its timing . Psychological Review , 106 : 551 – 581 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell , R. and Butterworth , B. 1985 . Phonological dyslexia and dysgraphia in highly literate subjects: A developmental case with associated deficits of phonemic processing and awareness . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 37A : 435 – 476 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conrad , R. 1964 . Acoustic confusions in immediate memory . British Journal of Psychology , 55 : 75 – 84 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conrad , R. 1965 . Order error in immediate recall of sequences . Journal of Verbal Learning , 4 : 161 – 169 .
   Google Scholar
• Conrad , R. and Hull , A. J. 1964 . Information, acoustic confusion and memory span . British Journal of Psychology , 55 : 429 – 432 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drewnowski , A. 1980 . Attributes and priorities in short-term recall: A new model of memory span . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 109 : 208 – 250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis , A. W. 1980 . Errors in speech and short-term memory: The effects of phonemic similarity and syllable position . Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , 19 : 624 – 634 .
   Google Scholar
• Estes , W. K. 1973 . Phonemic coding and rehearsal in short-term memory for letter strings . Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior , 12 : 360 – 372 .
   Google Scholar
• Gathercole , S. E. 1995 . Is nonword repetition a test of phonological memory or long-term knowledge? It all depends on the non words . Memory & Cognition , 23 : 83 – 84 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gathercole , S. E. 1997 . “ Models of verbal short-term memory ” . In Cognitive models of memory , Edited by: Conway , M. A. 13 – 45 . Cambridge , MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gathercole , S. E. and Martin , A. 1996 . “ Interactive processes in phonological memory ” . In Models of short-term memory , Edited by: Gathercole , S. E. Hove , , UK : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Gathercole , S. E. and Pickering , S. J. 1999 . Estimating the capacity of phonological short-term memory . International Journal of Psychology , 34 : 378 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gathercole , S. E. , Pickering , S. J. , Hall , M. and Peaker , S. M. 2001 . Dissociable lexical and phonological influences on serial recognition and serial recall . The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 54A : 1 – 30 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gathercole , S. E. , Service , E. , Hitch , G. J. , Adams , A-M. and Martin , A. J. 1999 . Phonological short-term memory and vocabulary development. Further evidence on the nature of the relationship . Applied Cognitive Psychology , 13 : 65 – 77 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartley , T. and Houghton , G. 1996 . A linguistically constrained model of short-term memory for nonwords . Journal of Memory and Language , 35 : 1 – 31 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Healy , A. F. 1974 . Separating item from order information in short-term memory . Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , 13 : 644 – 655 .
   Google Scholar
• Houghton , G. 1990 . “ The problem of serial order: A neural network memory of sequence learning and recall ” . In Current research in natural language generation , Edited by: Dale , R. , Mellish , C. and Zock , M. Hove , , UK : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Hulme , C. 1984 . Developmental differences in the effects of acoustic similarity on memory span . Developmental Psychology , 20 : 650 – 652 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hulme , C. , Newton , P. , Cowan , N. , Stuart , G. and Brown , G. 1999 . Think before you speak: Pauses, memory search, and trace redintegration processes in verbal memory span . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition , 25 : 447 – 463 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hulme , C. , Roodenrys , S. , Brown , G. D. A. and Mercer , R. 1995 . The role of long-term memory mechanisms in memory span . British Journal of Psychology , 86 : 527 – 536 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hulme , C. and Tordoff , V. 1989 . Working memory development: The effects of speech rate, word length, and acoustic similarity on serial recall . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 47 : 72 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longoni , A. M. , Richardson , J. T. E. and Aiello , A. 1993 . Articulatory rehearsal and phonological storage in working memory . Memory & Cognition , 21 : 11 – 22 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyons , J. 1981 . Semantics , Vol. 1 , London : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. C. and Breedin , S. D. 1992 . Dissociations between speech perception and phonological shortterm memory deficits . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 9 : 509 – 534 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murdock , B. B. and vom Saal , W. 1967 . Transpositions in short-term memory . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 74 : 137 – 143 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Murray , D. J. 1968 . Articulation and acoustic confusability in short-term memory . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 78 : 679 – 684 .
   Google Scholar
• Nairne , J. S. 1990 . A feature model of immediate memory . Memory & Cognition , 18 : 251 – 269 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nairne , J. S. and Kelley , M. R. 1999 . Reversing the phonological similarity effect . Memory & Cognition , 27 : 45 – 53 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Page , M. P. A. and Norris , D. 1998 . The primacy model: A new model of immediate serial recall . Psychological Review , 105 : 761 – 781 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papagno , C. and Vallar , G. 1992 . Phonological shortterm memory and the learning of novel words: The effect of phonological similarity and item length . The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 44A : 47 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salame , P. and Baddeley , A. D. 1986 . Phonological factors in STM: Similarity and the unattended speech effect . Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society , 24 : 263 – 265 .
   Google Scholar
• Schweickert , R. 1993 . A multinominal processing tree model for degradation and redintegration in immediate recall . Memory & Cognition , 23 : 168 – 175 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweickert , R. , Guentert , L. and Hersberger , L. 1990 . Phonological similarity, pronunciation rate, and memory span . Psychological Science , 1 : 74 – 77 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shallice , T. and Warrington , E. K. 1977 . Auditory verbal short-term memory impairment and conduction aphasia . Brain and Language , 4 : 479 – 491 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Oslo corpus of tagged Norwegian texts Last updated June 2000 http://www.tekstlab.uio.no/ norsk/bokmaal/english.html
   Google Scholar
• Wickelgren , W. C. 1965 . Short-term memory for phonemically similar lists . American Journal of Psychology , 78 : 567 – 574 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar