Publication Cover
Gender, Place & Culture
A Journal of Feminist Geography
Volume 24, 2017 - Issue 6
877
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

A feminist-phenomenology of women’s activism against hydropower plants in Turkey’s Eastern Black Sea region

Pages 869-889 | Received 22 Jun 2016, Accepted 03 Mar 2017, Published online: 22 Jun 2017

References

  • Ahlers, Rhodante. 2010. “Fixing and Nixing: The Politics of Water Privatization.” Review of Radical Political Economics 42 (2): 213–230.10.1177/0486613410368497
  • Ahlers, Rhodante, and Margreet Zwarteveen. 2009. “The Water Question in Feminism: Water Control and Gender Inequities in a Neo-Liberal Era.” Gender, Place and Culture 16 (4): 409–426.10.1080/09663690903003926
  • Aksu, Cemil, Sinan Erensü, and Erdem Evren, eds. 2016. Sudan Sebepler: Türkiye’de Neoliberal Su-Enerji Politikaları Ve Direnişler [Neoliberal Politics of Water-Energy in Turkey and Resistance]. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Arsel, Murat, Bengi Akbulut, and Fikret Adaman. 2016. “‘Türkiye’de Kalkınmacılığı Yeniden Okumak: HES’ler Ve Dönüşen Devlet-Toplum-Doğa Ilişkileri’ [Re-Reading Developmentalism in Turkey: HPPs and Transforming State-Society-Nature Relations].” In Sudan Sebepler: Türkiye’de Neoliberal Su-Enerji Politikaları Ve Direnişler [Neoliberal Politics of Water-Energy in Turkey and Resistance], edited by Cemil Aksu, Sinan Erensu and Erdem Evren, 291–312. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Atiyas, Izak, Tamer Cetin, and Gurcan Gulen. 2012. Reforming Turkish Energy Markets: Political Economy, Regulation and Competition in the Search for Energy Policy. New York: Springer.10.1007/978-1-4614-0290-9
  • Bakker, Karen. 2003. An Uncooperative Commodity: Privatizing Water in England and Wales. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Başkaya, Şağdan, E. Başkaya, and A. Sari. 2011. “The Principal Negative Environmental Impacts of Small Hydropower Plants in Turkey.” African Journal of Agricultural Research 6 (14): 3284–3290.
  • Bellér-Hann, Ildikó, and Chris Hann. 2000. Turkish Region: State, Market & Social Identities on the East Black Sea Coast. Oxford: James Currey.
  • Bennett, Vivienne. 1995. “Gender, Class, and Water: Women and the Politics of Water Service in Monterrey, Mexico.” Latin American Perspectives 22 (2): 76–99.10.1177/0094582X9502200205
  • Bennett, Jane. 2010. Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Bennett, Vivienne, Sonia Dávila-Poblete, and Maria Nieves Rico. 2005. Opposing Currents: The Politics of Water and Gender in Latin America. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
  • Biryol, Uğur, ed. 2012. Karardı Karadeniz [The Black Sea Has Darkened]. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Boelens, Rutgerd, David H. Getches, and Jorge Armando Guevara Gil, eds. 2010. Out of the Mainstream: Water Rights, Politics and Identity. London: Earthscan.
  • Bozok, Nihan, Mehmet Bozok, and Meral Akbaş. 2016. “‘Bizim Dereyi Kim çaldı?: Doğu Karadeniz’de Yaşlı Kadınlar Ve Yaşlı Erkeklerin Doğa Anlatıları [Who Stole Our River?: Old Women’s and Old Men’s Narratives of Nature in the East Black Sea].” In Sudan Sebepler: Türkiye’de Neoliberal Su-Enerji Politikaları Ve Direnişler [Neoliberal Politics of Water-Energy in Turkey and Resistance], edited by Cemil Aksu, Sinan Erensu and Erdem Evren, 247–268. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Braidotti, Rosi. 1991. Patterns of Dissonance: A Study of Women in Contemporary Philosophy. New York: Routledge.
  • Braidotti, Rosi. 2013. The Posthuman. Cambridge: Polity.
  • Bray, Abigail, and Claire Colebrook. 1998. “The Haunted Flesh: Corporeal Feminism and the Politics of (Dis) Embodiment.” Signs 24 (1): 35–67.10.1086/495317
  • Butler, Judith. 1989. “Sexual Ideology and Phenomenological Description.” In The Thinking Muse: Feminism and Modern French Philosophy, edited by Jeffner Allen, and Iris Marion Young, 85–100. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Butler, Judith. 2001. “Sexual Difference as a Question of Ethics.” In Bodies of Resistance: New Phenomenologies of Politics, Agency, and Culture, edited by Laura Boyle, 59–77. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
  • Butler, Judith. 2005. “Merleau-Ponty and the Touch of Malebranche.” In The Cambridge Companion to Merleau-Ponty, edited by Taylor Carman, and Mark B. N. Hansen, 181–205. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Coles, Anne, and Tina Wallace. 2005. Gender, Water and Development. Oxford: Berg.
  • Coole, Diana. 2005. “Rethinking Agency: A Phenomenological Approach to Embodiment and Agentic Capacities.” Political Studies 53 (1): 124–142.10.1111/j.1467-9248.2005.00520.x
  • Coole, Diana, and Samantha Frost. 2010. New Materialisms: Ontology, Agency, and Politics. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.10.1215/9780822392996
  • Crow, Ben, and Farhana Sultana. 2002. “Gender, Class, and Access to Water: Three Cases in a Poor and Crowded Delta.” Society & Natural Resources 15 (8): 709–724.10.1080/08941920290069308
  • Deniz, Dilşa. 2016. “Dersim’de Su Kutsiyeti, Mizur/Munzur Nehri Ilişkisi, Anlamı Ve Kapsamı Ile Baraj/HES Projeleri [Sacred Water in Dersim, the Relationship of Mizur and Munzur River, Its Meaning and Scope and the Hydropower Projects].” In Sudan Sebepler: Türkiye’de Neoliberal Su-Enerji Politikaları Ve Direnişler [Neoliberal Politics of Water-Energy in Turkey and Resistance], edited by Cemil Aksu, Sinan Erensu and Erdem Evren, 177–198. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Eaton, Heather, and Lois Ann Lorentzen, eds. 2003. Ecofeminism and Globalization: Exploring Culture, Context, and Religion. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • EMO [The Chamber of Electrical Engineers]. 2011. “Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi HES Teknik Gezisi Raporu [Report on the Hydropower Plants Technical Trip to the East Black Sea Region].” http://www.emo.org.tr/ekler/45a43a1706a8faf_ek.pdf?tipi=2&turu=X&sube=0.
  • Erensü, Sinan. 2016. “Neoliberalleşmenin Doğası, Doğanın Neoliberalleşmesi: Su-Enerji Rabıtası üzerinden Neoliberalizm Ve Müphemlikleri [Nature of Neoliberalisation and Neoliberalisation of Nature: Neoliberalism and Its Ambiguities through the Water-Energy Connection].” In Sudan Sebepler: Türkiye’de Neoliberal Su-Enerji Politikaları Ve Direnişler [Neoliberal Politics of Water-Energy in Turkey and Resistance], edited by Cemil Aksu, Sinan Erensu and Erdem Evren, 37–64. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Eroğlu, Doğu. 2016. “AKP’nin 14 Yılında Santrallar: 919 HES 565 Termik’ [Power Stations under 14 Years of AKP Rule: 919 HPPs 565 Thermal.” Birgün, April 1. http://www.birgun.net/haber-detay/akp-nin-14-yilinda-santrallar-919-hes-565-termik-107864.html.
  • Espeland, Wendy Nelson. 1998. The Struggle for Water: Politics, Rationality, and Identity in the American Southwest. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Esposito, Roberto. 2015. Persons and Things: From the Body’s Point of View. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Federici, Silvia. 2012. Revolution at Point Zero: Housework, Reproduction, and Feminist Struggle. Oakland, CA: PM Press.
  • Gibbons, Fiachra, Lucas Moore. 2011. “Turkey’s Great Leap Forward Risks Cultural and Environmental Bankruptcy.” Guardian, May 29. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/29/turkey-nuclear-hydro-power-development.
  • Gregg, Melissa, and Gregory J. Seigworth, eds. 2010. The Affect Theory Reader. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Grosz, Elizabeth. 1994. Volatile Bodies: Toward a Corporeal Feminism. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Hamsici, Mahmut. 2010. Dereler Ve Isyanlar [Rivers and Rebellions]. Ankara: Nota Bene.
  • Harris, Leila M. 2009. “Gender and Emergent Water Governance: Comparative Overview of Neoliberalized Natures and Gender Dimensions of Privatization, Devolution and Marketization.” Gender, Place and Culture 16 (4): 387–408.10.1080/09663690903003918
  • Highmore, Ben. 2010. “Bitter after Taste: Affect, Food and Social Aesthetics.” In The Affect Theory Reader, edited by Melissa Gregg and Gregory J. Seigworth, 118–137. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  • Hommes, Lena, Rutgerd Boelens, and Harro Maat. 2016. “Contested Hydrosocial Territories and Disputed Water Governance: Struggles and Competing Claims over the Ilisu Dam Development in Southeastern Turkey.” Geoforum 71: 9–20.10.1016/j.geoforum.2016.02.015
  • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2011. “Hydropower.” In Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation, edited by Ottmar Edenhofer, et al., 437–495. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Irigaray, Luce. 1993 [1984]. An Ethics of Sexual Difference. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Işıl, Özlem, and Özlem Arslan. 2014. “Kadınlığın Su Hali: Hes Direnişindeki Karadenizli Kadın Temsilleri üzerine Bir Deneme.” [Liquid Form of Womenhood: An Essay on the Representations of Black Sea Women in the Context of the HPP Resistance] Kültür Ve Siyasette Feminist Yaklaşımlar [Feminist Approaches in Culture and Politics] 22: 40–48.
  • Islar, Mine. 2012. “Privatised Hydropower Development in Turkey: A Case of Water Grabbing?” Water Alternatives 5 (2): 376–391.
  • Johnson, Louise, C. 2008. “Re-Placing Gender? Reflections on 15 Years of Gender, Place and Culture.” Gender, Place, and Culture 15 (6): 561–574.10.1080/09663690802518412
  • Kasapoglu, Çağıl. 2013. “100 Kadın: Karadeniz’in Dereleri Için Direnen Kadınları [100 Women: The Black Sea Women Resisting for Their Rivers].” BBC Turkish, October 25. http://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler/2013/10/131025_findikli_kadinlar_kasapoglu.
  • Kepenek, Evrim. 2014. “Karadeniz’de Adım Adım Ekolojik Isyan’ [Step by Step Ecological Rebellion in the Black Sea].” Özgür Gündem, June 24 - July 9. http://www.ozgur-gundem.com/muhabir/44/evrim-kepenek/s/9.
  • Khagram, Sanjeev. 2004. Dams and Development: Transnational Struggles for Water and Power. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Kömürcü, Murat, İ., and Adem Akpınar. 2010. “Hydropower Energy versus Other Energy Sources in Turkey.” Energy Sources: Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 5 (2): 185–198.
  • Lahiri-Dutt, Kuntala. 2015. “The Silent (and Gendered) Violence: Understanding Water Access in Mining Areas.” In A Political Economy of Women, Water and Global Environmental Change, edited by Stephanie Buechler and Anne-Marie Hanson, 38–57. Oxon: Routledge.
  • Levin, Sam. 2016. “At Standing Rock, Women Lead Fight in Face of Mace, Arrests and Strip Searches.” Guardian, November 4. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/nov/04/dakota-access-pipeline-protest-standing-rock-women-police-abuse.
  • Longhurst, Robyn, and Lynda Johnston. 2014. “Bodies, Gender, Place and Culture: 21 Years on.” Gender, Place, and Culture 21 (3): 267–278.10.1080/0966369X.2014.897220
  • Martinez-Alier, Joan. 2002. The Environmentalism of the Poor: A Study of Ecological Conflicts and Valuation. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Pub.10.4337/9781843765486
  • McCully, Patrick. 2001. Silenced Rivers: The Ecology and Politics of Large Dams. London: Zed Books.
  • Mellor, Mary. 2003. “Gender and the Environment.” In Ecofeminism and Globalization: Exploring Culture, Context, and Religion, edited by Heather Eaton and Lois Ann Lorentzen, 11–22. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 1962. Phenomenology of Perception. New York: Humanities Press.
  • Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 1964. The Primacy of Perception, and Other Essays on Phenomenological Psychology, the Philosophy of Art, History, and Politics. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
  • Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 1969. Visible and the Invisible. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
  • Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 2003. Nature: Course Notes from the Collège De France. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
  • Nightingale, Andrea, J. 2011. “‘Bounding Difference: Intersectionality and the Material Production of Gender, Caste.” Class and Environment in Nepal. Geoforum 42 (2): 153–162.
  • O’Loughlin, Marjorie. 1995. “Intelligent Bodies and Ecological Subjectivities: Merleau-Ponty’s Corrective to Postmodernism’s ‘Subjects’ of Education.” Philosophy of Education Yearbook. Accessed June 12, 2017. https://blogs.aalto.fi/researchinart/files/2012/01/OLoughlin.pdf
  • Oğuz, Sıla, P. 2016. “Trabzon Solaklı Vadisi: Ogene Halklarının HES’lere Karşı Mücadelesi [Solakli Valley of Trabzon: The Struggle of Ogene People against the Hydropower Plants].” In Sudan Sebepler: Türkiye’de Neoliberal Su-Enerji Politikaları Ve Direnişler [Neoliberal Politics of Water-Energy in Turkey and Resistance], edited by Cemil Aksu, Sinan Erensu and Erdem Evren, 199–222. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • Oksala, Johanna. 2006. “Female Freedom: Can the Lived Body Be Emancipated?” In Feminist Interpretations of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, edited by Dorothea Olkowski and Gail Weiss, 209–228. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
  • Olkowski, Dorothea, and Gail Weiss. 2006. Feminist Interpretations of Maurice Merleau-Ponty. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
  • Radikal. 2015. “Havva Ana Yalnız Değil: Çevreyi Paçavra Ettunuz... Biz De Sizi Edeceğuz [Mother Havva (Eve) is Not Alone: You Have Messed with the Environment... We Will Mess with You].” July 19. http://www.radikal.com.tr/cevre/havva-ana-yalniz-degil-cevreyu-pacavra-ettunuz-biz-da-sizi-edeceguz-1399189/.
  • Rothman, Franklin, and Pamela Oliver. 1999. “From Local to Global: The Anti-Dam Movement in Southern Brazil, 1979–1992.” Mobilization: An International Quarterly 4 (1): 41–57.
  • Şekercioglu, Çağan, H., Sean Anderson, Erol Akçay, Raşit Bilgin, Özgün Emre Can, Gürkan Semiz, Çağatay Tavşanoğlu, et al. 2011. “Turkey’s Globally Important Biodiversity in Crisis.” Biological Conservation 144 (12): 2752–2769.10.1016/j.biocon.2011.06.025
  • Sneddon, Chris, and Coleen Fox. 2008. “Struggles over Dams as Struggles for Justice: The World Commission on Dams (WCD) and Anti-Dam Campaigns in Thailand and Mozambique.” Society and Natural Resources 21 (7): 625–640.10.1080/08941920701744231
  • Sneddon, Chris, Leila Harris, Radoslav Dimitrov, and Uygar Özesmi. 2002. “Contested Waters: Conflict, Scale, and Sustainability in Aquatic Socioecological Systems.” Society & Natural Resources 15 (8): 663–675.10.1080/08941920290069272
  • Strang, Veronica. 2004. The Meaning of Water. Oxford: Berg.
  • Strang, Veronica. 2005. “Common Senses: Water, Sensory Experience and the Generation of Meaning.” Journal of Material Culture 10 (1): 92–120.10.1177/1359183505050096
  • Strang, Veronica. 2014. “Fluid Consistencies. Material Relationality in Human Engagements with Water.” Archaeological Dialogues 21 (02): 133–150.10.1017/S1380203814000130
  • Sultana, Farhana. 2009. “Fluid Lives: Subjectivities, Gender and Water in Rural Bangladesh.” Gender, Place, and Culture 16 (4): 427–444.10.1080/09663690903003942
  • Sylvain, Renée. 2002. “’Land, Water, and Truth’: San Identity and Global Indigenism.” American Anthropologist 104 (4): 1074–1085.10.1525/aa.2002.104.issue-4
  • TMMOB (The Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects). 2011. Hidroelektrik Santaller Raporu [Report on the Hydropower Plants]. http://www.tmmob.org.tr/sites/default/files/682384b57999789_ek.pdf.
  • Turkish Water Assembly. 2010. Water Manifest of the Turkish Water Assembly. http://turkishwaterassembly.weebly.com/uploads/6/7/0/8/6708484/watermanifestoftheturkishwaterassembly.pdf.
  • Yavuz ve Özlem Şendeniz, Şahinde. 2013. “HES Direnişlerinde Kadınların Deneyimleri: Fındıklı Örneği.” [Women’s Experiences in HPP Resistances: The Case of Fındıklı] Fe Dergi 5 (1): 43–58.
  • Young, Iris, M. 1990. Justice and the Politics of Difference. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Zwarteveen, Margreet. 1997. “Water: From Basic Need to Commodity: A Discussion on Gender and Water Rights in the Context of Irrigation.” World Development 25 (8): 1335–1349.10.1016/S0305-750X(97)00032-6

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.