Political Conflict and Legal Uncertainty: The Privatisation of Land Ownership in Russia

References

• 1997 . Izvestiya , 22 October The deliberate challenge to federal legislative authority was recognised by the chairman of the oblast' Duma's Finance and Budget Committee, Vladimir Churikov, who recognised that the bill was deliberately being rushed through in an effort to put pressure on the State Duma to liberalise federal legislation. See
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• 1997 . Izvestiya , 22 October The oblast' Duma approved the bill on 22 October, 26 of the 27 deputies present voting in favour of its passage. See
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• 1997 . RFE/RL Newsline , 4 November
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• 2000 . Putin told Interfax , 31 January that the contradiction between laws in several Russian territories and federal laws 'may reach a critical point capable of blasting the common constitutional space'
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• 2000 . Interfax , 17 February reported that the new version of the Land Code that was planned to be discussed on 15 March was the result of an agreement between the Agrarian Party and the presidential administration. This differs from the version proposed by the Union of Rightist Forces in that the sale of farmland is not prohibited
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• 2000 . RFE/RL Newsline , 10 February
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• 2000 . Vremya MN , 10 February
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• 1993 . Rossiiskaya gazeta , 29 December The Land Code of the RSFSR of April 1991 established the principles, the October and December presidential decrees of 1993 (Ukaz of 27 December 1993 'On the regulation of the land situation and the development of agrarian reform in Russia') restating them. See
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• 1991 . Rossiiskaya gazeta , 31 December : 3
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• 1995 . Rossiiskaya gazeta , 11 February
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• 2000 . RFE Newsline , 4 October
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• 1997 . RFE/RL Newsline , 27 December
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• 1997 . RFE/RL Newsline , 29 December
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• 1998 . RFE/RL Newsline , 8 January Ilya Yuzhanov emphasised the complications inherent in producing a compromise document. See
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• For the adoption of the Land Code of the RSFSR see Krest'yanskie vedomosti, 1991, 16.
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• 1991 . Rossiiskaya gazeta , 31 December established a limited land market, allowing collective and state farm members to withdraw from a parent farm with land and property shares
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• 1998 . Interfax , 23 December
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• For the October 1993 decree On the regulation of land relations and the development of agrarian reform in Russia' see 'O regulirovani i zemel'nykh otnosheni i i razvitii agrarnoi reformy v Rossii', Krest'yanskie vedomosti, 1993, 43.
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• 1996 . Rossiiskaya gazeta , 12 March For the March 1996 decree see
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• 2000 . RFE Newsline , 2 February
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• Argumenty i fakty, 1997, 8, p. 5. This refusal of some subjects of the Federation to recognise the private ownership of land because of the authority afforded to them by article 72 of the Constitution does seem to be illegal. Article 36 of the Constitution affirms that citizens and their organisations have the right to private ownership of land. This article is a part of a chapter on rights and freedoms of the citizens which, according to article 17, are inalienable, and, according to article 18, are of immediate applicability, and, according to article 64, may not be changed otherwise than in a way determined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. This seems to suggest the conclusion that every citizen of the Russian Federation is entitled to own a land plot.
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• 1998 . Itar Tass , 23 April
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• 1998 . RFE/RL Newsline , 17 July In the third vote, the draft received 225 votes, just one short of the majority needed for its passage. See
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• 1998 . Itar Tass , 30 July
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• 1998 . Interfax , 23 December On 23 December 1998, at its second hearing, only 178 deputies voted in favour of the draft. See
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• 1997 . ITAR-TASS , 13 November
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• Malyakin , Ilya . 1998 . 'Saratov Oblast's Land Privatisation Law' . RFE/RL Report , 12 June
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• 1998 . RFE/RL Newsline , 28 May
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• 1997 . RFE/RL Newsline , 9 December The proposal was endorsed by the representatives of the thirteen regions participating in the conference, including Chuvashia and Perm, Orenburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara oblasti
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• 2000 . Nezavisimaya gazeta , 26 April Putin emphasised his support for this idea by agreeing with local opinion that it was important to exclude the possibility of 'profiteering' in the land market. See
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• 2000 . Interfax , 17 February
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• 1995 . Kommersant , 2 September : 2 The opposition deputies have consistently maintained that the voucherisation of land relations will lead to speculation and the formation of a class of latifiindistas
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• For a description of this draft Land Code see Krest'yanskaya Rossiya, 1995, 24 and 1995, 28.
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• 1996 . Interfax , 22 May
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• 1996 . RFE/RL Newsline , 27 June
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• Krest'yanskaya Rossiya, 1996, 50.
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• 1997 . Itar Tass , 25 July
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• 1997 . Itar Tass , 25 September
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• 1998 . RFE/RL Newsline , 19 February
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