Public Perceptions of Electoral Fairness in Russia

References

• Alvarez , R. M. , Hall , T. E. and Hyde , S. D. 2008 . Election Fraud: Detecting and Deterring Electoral Manipulation , Washington, DC : Brookings Institution Press .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , C. J. , Blais , A. , Bowler , S. S. , Donovan , T. and Listhaug , O. 2005 . Losers' Consent: Elections and Democratic Legitimacy , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , C. J. and Guillory , C. A. 1997 . ‘Political Institutions and Satisfaction with Democracy: A Cross-national Analysis of Consensus and Majoritarian Systems’ . American Political Science Review , 99 ( 1 ) March : 66 – 81 .
   Google Scholar
• Banducci , S. A. and Karp , J. A. 2003 . ‘How Elections Change the Way Citizens View the Political System: Campaigns, Media Effects and Electoral Outcomes in Comparative Perspective’ . British Journal of Political Science , 33 ( 3 ) July : 443 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bélanger , E. and Nadeau , R. 2005 . ‘Political Trust and the Vote in Multiparty Elections: The Canadian Case’ . European Journal of Political Research , 44 ( 1 ) January : 121 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birch , S. 2008 . ‘Electoral Institutions and Popular Confidence in Electoral Processes: A Cross-National Analysis’ . Electoral Studies , 27 ( 2 ) June : 305 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birch , S. 2009 . “ ‘Electoral Corruption’ ” . Edited by: Landman , T. and Robinson , N.
   Google Scholar
• Birch , S. 2010 . ‘Perceptions of Electoral Fairness and Voter Turnout’ . Comparative Political Studies , 43 ( 12 ) December : 1601 – 22 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjornlund , E. 2004 . Beyond Free and Fair: Monitoring Elections and Building Democracy , Baltimore, MD & London : Johns Hopkins University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Buzin , A. Yu. and Lyubarev , A. Ye. 2008 . Prestuplenie bez nakazaniya: Administrativnye tekhnologii federal'nykh vyborov 2007–2008 godov , Moscow : Nikkolo M .
   Google Scholar
• Cannache , D. , Mondak , J. J. and Seligson , M. A. 2001 . ‘Meaning and Measurement in Crossnational Research on Satisfaction with Democracy’ . Public Opinion Quarterly , 65 ( 4 ) Winter : 506 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• ‘Chestnost'’ . 4 December 2007 . “ ‘Chestnost’ vyborov’ ” . 4 December , available at: http://www.levada.ru/press/2007120405.html, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• Dalton , R. J. and Wattenberg , M. P. 2000 . Parties without Partisans: Political Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Diamond , L. and Morlino , L. 2004 . ‘An Overview’ . Journal of Democracy , 15 ( 4 ) October : 20 – 31 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elklit , J. 1999 . ‘Electoral Institutional Change and Democratization’ . Democratization , 6 ( 4 ) : 28 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• Elklit , J. and Reynolds , A. 2005 . ‘A Framework for the Systematic Study of Election Quality’ . Democratization , 12 ( 2 ) : 147 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Franklin , M. N. 2004 . Voter Turnout and the Dynamics of Electoral Competition in Established Democracies since 1945 , Cambridge & New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hayes , B. C. and Bean , C. S. 1993 . ‘Political Efficacy: A Comparative Study of the United States, West Germany, Great Britain and Australia’ . European Journal of Political Research , 23 ( 3 ) April : 261 – 80 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karp , J. A. and Banducci , S. A. 2008 . ‘Political Efficacy and Participation in Twenty Seven Democracies: How Electoral Systems Shape Political Behavior’ . British Journal of Political Science , 38 ( 2 ) April : 311 – 34 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karp , J. A. , Banducci , S. A. and Bowler , S. 2003 . ‘To Know it is to Love it? Satisfaction with Democracy in the European Union’ . Comparative Political Studies , 36 ( 3 ) April : 271 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelley , J. 2008 . ‘Assessing the Complex Evolution of Norms: The Rise of International Election Monitoring’ . International Organization , 62 ( 2 ) Spring : 221 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konstitutsiya . 1993 . Konstitutsiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii: prinyata vsenarodnym golosovaniem 12 dekabrya 1993 g , Moscow : Yuridicheskaya literatura .
   Google Scholar
• Kostadinova , T. 2003 . ‘Voter Turnout Dynamics in Post-Communist Europe’ . European Journal of Political Research , 42 ( 6 ) October : 741 – 59 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuntz , P. and Thompson , M. R. 2009 . ‘More than Just the Final Straw: Stolen Elections as Revolutionary Triggers’ . Comparative Politics , 41 ( 3 ) April : 253 – 72 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landman , T. and Robinson , N. 2009 . The Sage Handbook of Comparative Politics , Los Angeles, CA & London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Lane , D. and White , S. 2010 . Rethinking the ‘Coloured Revolutions’ , London & New York : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Lange , B.-P. 1994 . The Russian Parliamentary Elections: Monitoring of the Election Coverage in the Russian Mass Media , Düsseldorf : European Institute for the Media .
   Google Scholar
• Luchin , V. O. 2010 . Izbiratel'noe pravo Rossii , 2nd edn , Moscow : Yuniti-Dana .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , M. 1991 . ‘Accident or Design? Non-Voting in Ireland’ . Irish Political Studies , 6 ( 1 ) April : 1 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Medvedev , D. 23 November 2010 . “ ‘Nasha demokratiya nesovershenna, my eto prekrasno ponimaem. No my idem vpered’ ” . 23 November , available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/news/9599, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• Mishler , W. and Rose , R. 2002 . ‘Learning and Re-Learning Regime Support: The Dynamics of Post-Communist Regimes’ . European Journal of Political Research , 41 ( 1 ) January : 5 – 36 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mozaffar , S. and Schedler , A. 2002 . ‘The Comparative Study of Electoral Governance: An Introduction’ . International Political Science Review , 23 ( 1 ) January : 5 – 27 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myagkov , M. , Ordeshook , P. C. and Shakin , D. 2009 . The Forensics of Election Fraud: Russia and Ukraine , New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Norris , P. 1999 . Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Governance , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ó Beacháin , D. and Polese , A. 2010 . The Colour Revolutions in the Former Soviet Republics: Successes and Failures , London & New York : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• ‘O chestnosti’ . 2008 . ‘O chestnosti vyborov v Rossii’ . Press-vypusk , 877 21 February available at: http://wciom.ru/index.php?id=268&uid=9667, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• ‘Ob osnovnykh’ . 2002 . ‘Ob osnovnykh garantiyakh izbiratel'nykh prav i prava na uchastie v referendume grazhdan Rossiisskoi Federatsii’ . Sobranie zakonodatel'stva Rossiiskoi Federatsii , 12 June
   Google Scholar
• Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (OSCE-ODIHR) . 1996 . International Observer Mission: Election of the President of the Russian Federation, 16 June 1996 and 3 July 1996: Report on the Election , Warsaw : ODIHR . available at: www.osce.org/documents/odihr/1966/07/1453_en.pdf, last accessed 16 September 2010
   Google Scholar
• Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (OSCE-ODIHR) . 2000 . Russian Federation: Elections to the State Duma, 19 December 1999: Final Report , Warsaw : ODIHR . available at: http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/russia/16293, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (OSCE-ODIHR) . 2004 . Russian Federation: Elections to the State Duma, 7 December 2003: OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission Report (2004) , Warsaw : ODIHR . available at: http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/russia/21482, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (OSCE-ODIHR) . 2010 . Election Observation Handbook , 6th edn , Warsaw : ODIHR . available at: http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/68439, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• ‘Protsedura’ . 13 December 2007 . “ ‘Protsedura golosovaniya’ ” . 13 December , available at: http://bd.fom.ru/report/cat/elect/est_el/d074923, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• Public Opinion Foundation (FOM) . 24 May 2007 . “ ‘Vybory v Rossii: protsedurnye voprosy’ ” . 24 May , available at: http://bd.fom.ru/report/cat/elect/d072122, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• Rose , R. and Mishler , M. 2009 . ‘How do Electors Respond to an “Unfair” Election? The Experience of Russians’ . Post-Soviet Affairs , 25 ( 2 ) April–June : 118 – 36 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schedler , A. 2002 . ‘The Menu of Manipulation’ . Journal of Democracy , 13 ( 2 ) April : 36 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schedler , A. 2006 . Electoral Authoritarianism: The Dynamics of Unfree Competition , Boulder, CO & London : Lynne Rienner .
   Google Scholar
• Schedler , A. 2009 . “ ‘Electoral Authoritarianism’ ” . Edited by: Landman , T. and Robinson , N.
   Google Scholar
• Sedov , L. A. 13 September 2007a . “ ‘Doverie k vyboram’ ” . 13 September , available at: www.levada.ru/press/2007091305.html, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• Sedov , L. A. 14 August 2007b . “ ‘Analiz rezul'tatov iyul'skogo oprosa 2007 goda (vtoraya chast’)’ ” . 14 August , available at: http://www.levada.ru/press/2007081407.html, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• Sedov , L. A. 28 May 2007c . “ ‘Dumskie vybory’ ” . 28 May , available at: http://www.levada.ru/press/2007052801.html, last accessed 24 January 2011
   Google Scholar
• ‘Tsentrizbirkom’ . 2008 . ‘Tsentrizbirkom i chestnye vybory v Rossii’ . Press-vypusk , 921 3 April 2008, available at: http://wciom.ru/index.php?id=268&vid=9931, last accessed 1 April 2011
   Google Scholar
• Tucker , J. A. 2007 . ‘Enough! Electoral Fraud, Collective Action Problems, and Post-Communist Colored Revolutions’ . Perspectives on Politics , 5 ( 3 ) September : 535 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• Volkov , D. and Grazhdankin , A. 2008 . ‘Chto oznachaet skhodstvo i razlichie predvybornogo prognoza Levada-Tsentra i ofitsial'nykh rezul'tatov TsIK?’ . Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniya , 2 : 44 – 48 .
   Google Scholar
• Vybory . 2008a . Vybory deputatov Gosudarstvennoi Dumy Federal'nogo Sobraniya Rossiiskoi Federatsii pyatogo sozyva. 2007. Sbornik informatsionno-analiticheskikh materialov , Moscow : SitiPress Servis .
   Google Scholar
• Vybory . 2008b . Vybory Prezidenta Rossiiskoi Federatsii. 2008. Sbornik informatsionno-analiticheskikh materialov , Moscow : SitiPressServis .
   Google Scholar
• ‘Vystuplenie’ . 2007 . ‘Vystuplenie Predsedatelya Tsentral'noi izbiratel'noi komissii Rossiiskoi Federatsii Churova V. E. na pervom zasedanii deputatov Gosudarstvennoi Dumy Federal'nogo Sobraniya Rossiiskoi Federatsii 24 dekabrya 2007 goda’ . Gosudarstvennaya Duma: Stenogramma zasedanii , 1 ( 974 ) 24 December
   Google Scholar
• White , S. and McAllister , I. 2006 . “ ‘Politics and the Media in Post-Communist Russia’ ” . In Mass Media and Political Communication in New Democracies , Edited by: Voltmer , K. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• White , S. , Oates , S. and McAllister , I. 2005 . ‘Media Effects and Russian Elections, 1999–2000’ . British Journal of Political Science , 35 : 191 – 208 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar