References
- Akhmadi, A. (2020) ‘V Dokhe predpochitayut legkie peregovory’, Afghanistan.ru, 15 September, available at: https://afghanistan.ru/doc/139335.html, accessed 16 September 2020.
- Ali, O. (2018) ‘Precarious Consolidation: Qari Hekmat’s IS-affiliated “Island” Survives Another Taleban Onslaught’, Afghan Analysts Network, 4 March.
- Amiri, S. (2019) ‘Moscow Talks Hold no Weight, says Ghani’, TOLO News, 5 February, available at: https://www.tolonews.com/afghanistan/moscow-talks-hold-no-weight-says-ghani, accessed 1 April 2019.
- Azami, D. (2016) ‘The Islamic State in South and Central Asia’, Survival, 58, 4. doi: 10.1080/00396338.2016.1207955
- Braithwaite, R. (2011) Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–89 (London, Profile Books).
- Conciliation Resources (2018) ‘Incremental Peace in Afghanistan’, Accord, 27, available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/afghanistan/accord-issue-27-incremental-peace-afghanistan, accessed 1 April 2019.
- Cooley, A. & Laruelle, M. (2013) ‘The Changing Logic of Russian Strategy in Central Asia: From Privileged Sphere to Divide and Rule’, PONARS Eurasia Policy Memo, 261, July, available at: https://www.ponarseurasia.org/memo/changing-logic-russian-strategy-central-asia-privileged-sphere-divide-and-rule, accessed 1 April 2019.
- Darby, J. & MacGinty, R. (2000) The Management of Peace Processes (Basingstoke, Palgrave).
- Durrani, M. (2018) Analysis: Thaw in Russia–Pakistan Ties (Islamabad, Afghan Studies Center), available at: http://afghanstudiescenter.org/2018/08/27/analysis-thaw-in-pakistan-russia-ties/, accessed 1 April 2019.
- FSB (2019) ‘Edinyi federal’nyi spisok organizatsii, v tom chisle inostrannykh i mezhdunarodnykh organizatsii, priznannykh v sootvetstvii s zakonodatelstvom Rossiiskoi Federatsiii terroristicheskimi’, 14 March, Federal’naya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti Rossiiski Federatsii, available at: http://www.fsb.ru/fsb/npd/terror.htm, accessed 10 April 2019.
- Gallagher, A. (2019) ‘Progress in Taliban Talks, but “Long Way to Go”, Says US Envoy: Special Rep. Khalilzad Emphasizes Centrality of Intra-Afghan Dialogue to Achieving Inclusive Peace’, US Institute of Peace Analysis, 11 February (Washington, DC, USIP), available at: https://www.usip.org/publications/2019/02/progress-taliban-talks-long-way-go-says-us-envoy, accessed 1 March 2019.
- Gibbons-Neff, T. (2017) ‘Russia is Sending Weapons to Taliban, Top US General Confirms’, The Washington Post, 24 April.
- Giustozzi, A. (2018) The Islamic State in Khorasan: Afghanistan, Pakistan and the New Central Asian Jihad (London, Hurst).
- Giustozzi, A. & Reuter, C. (2011) The Insurgents of the Afghan North, Afghan Analysts Network Thematic Report no. 04/2011 (Kabul, ANN), available at: https://www.afghanistan-analysts.org/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2012/10/AAN-2011-Northern-Insurgents.pdf, accessed 1 May 2019.
- Higgins, A. & Mashal, M. (2019) ‘In Moscow, Afghan Peace Talks Without the Afghan Government’, New York Times, 4 February.
- Jones, S. G. (2010) In the Graveyard of Empires: America’s War in Afghanistan (New York, NY, W.W.Norton).
- Katzman, K. & Klayton, T. (2017) Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy, Congressional Research Service Report no. RL30588, 13 December (Washington, DC, CRS).
- Kaura, V. (2018) ‘Russia and Pakistan Align Their Afghanistan Policies’, Middle East Institute, 8 March, available at: https://www.mei.edu/publications/russia-and-pakistan-align-their-afghanistan-policies, accessed on 10 March 2019.
- Kermani, S. & Yousafzai, S. (2019) ‘Taliban “Not Seeking to Seize All of Afghanistan”’, BBC News, 6 February.
- Krivosheyev, K. (2019) ‘Taliby priedut s chastnym vizitom’, Kommersant’’, 4 February, available at: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3873926?from=doc_vrez, accessed 15 February 2019.
- Lavrov, S. (2018a) ‘Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s Remarks at the UN Security Council Session on “Formation of Regional Partnerships in Afghanistan and Central Asia as a Model of Coordinating Security and Development”, New York, January 19, 2018’, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, available at: https://afghanistan.mid.ru/en_GB/main/-/asset_publisher/53TTw6ecgBaW/content/id/25610978, accessed 1 March 2019.
- Lavrov, S. (2018b) ‘Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s Responses to Media Questions During a Joint News Conference Following a Meeting with Head of the Federal Department (Minister) of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland Ignazio Cassis, Geneva, November 28, 2018’, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, available at: https://www.mid.ru/en/vistupleniya_ministra/-/asset_publisher/MCZ7HQuMdqBY/content/id/3423366, accessed 1 March 2019.
- Malashenko, A. (2013) The Fight for Influence: Russia in Central Asia (Washington, DC, Brookings).
- Mansfield, D. (2016) A State Built on Sand: How Opium Undermined Afghanistan (London, Hurst).
- Mashal, M. (2019) ‘U.S. and Taliban Agree in Principle to Peace Framework, Envoy Says’, New York Times, 28 January.
- Mashal, M. (2020) ‘To Get to Afghan Talks, Lots of Last-Minute Deals—and Nose Swabs’, New York Times, 15 September.
- Mashal, M. & Schmitt E. (2018) ‘White House Orders Direct Taliban Talks to Jump-Start Afghan Negotiations’, New York Times, 16 July.
- MFA (2015) ‘Interv’yu Spetsial’nogo predstavitelya Prezidenta Rossiiskoi Federatsii po Afganistanu, direktora Vtorogo departamenta Azii MID Rossii Z.N.Kabulova Informatsionnomu agentstvu Rossii TASS’, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, 29 December, available at: https://www.mid.ru/ru/maps/af/-/asset_publisher/gehUa6O4gSTV/content/id/2003777, accessed 30 April 2019.
- MFA (2016) ‘Briefing by Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Maria Zakharova, Moscow, December 27, 2016’, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, available at: https://www.mid.ru/en/posledniye_dobavlnenniye/-/asset_publisher/MCZ7HQuMdqBY/content/id/2581141, accessed 30 April 2019.
- MFA (2017a) ‘Comment by the Information and Press Department on Repeated Accusations of Russian support for the Taliban’, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, 23 May, available at: https://www.mid.ru/ru/foreign_policy/news/-/asset_publisher/cKNonkJE02Bw/content/id/2764002?p_p_id=101_INSTANCE_cKNonkJE02Bw&_101_INSTANCE_cKNonkJE02Bw_languageId=en_GB, accessed 30 April 2019.
- MFA (2017b) ‘Press Release on Regional Consultations on Afghanistan in Moscow’, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, 14 April, available at: https://www.mid.ru/ru/maps/af/-/asset_publisher/gehUa6O4gSTV/content/id/2726953?p_p_id=101_INSTANCE_gehUa6O4gSTV&_101_INSTANCE_gehUa6O4gSTV_languageId=en_GB, accessed 30 April 2019.
- MFA (2018) ‘Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s remarks at the International High-Level Conference on Afghanistan: “Peace Process, Security Cooperation and Regional Connectivity,” Tashkent, March 27, 2018’, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, available at: https://www.mid.ru/eu/press_service/minister_speeches/-/asset_publisher/7OvQR5KJWVmR/content/id/3141288?p_p_id=101_INSTANCE_7OvQR5KJWVmR&_101_INSTANCE_7OvQR5KJWVmR_languageId=en_GB, accessed 30 April 2019.
- Mojda, A. V. (2018) ‘Moskovskii format konsultatsii po Afganistanu—ploshchadka dlya demonstratsii positsii Talibana’, Afghanistan.ru, 15 November, available at: http://afghanistan.ru/doc/124812.html, accessed 10 January 2019.
- Mudassir Ali Shah, S. (2017) ‘If Invited, Taliban to Attend Moscow Consultations’, Pajhwok News, 20 March, available at: https://www.pajhwok.com/en/2017/03/20/if-invited-taliban-attend-moscow-consultations, accessed 30 April 2019.
- Nessar, M. (ed.) (2018) Rossiya i Afganskii Vopros (Moscow, Center for the Study of Modern Afghanistan).
- Obama, B. (2009) ‘Remarks by the President in Address to the Nation on the Way Forward in Afghanistan and Pakistan’, The White House Press Office, 1 December, available at: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-address-nation-way-forward-afghanistan-and-pakistan, accessed 10 March 2019.
- Pannier, B. (2017) ‘Insurgent Activities at the Afghan–Turkmen and Afghan–Tajik Borders’, in Laruelle, M. (ed.) The Central Asia—Afghanistan Relationship: From Soviet Intervention to the Silk Road Initiatives (Lanham, MD, Rowman & Littlefield).
- Purushothaman, U. (2015) ‘The Russia–Pakistan Rapprochement: Should India Worry?’, Observer Research Foundation, Issue Brief 117, available at: https://www.orfonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/ORFIssueBrief_117.pdf, accessed 10 February 2019.
- Putin, V. (2017a) ‘President Putin’s Annual Press-Conference’, 14 December, available at: https://www.c-span.org/video/?438555-2/russian-president-putin-holds-year-end-news-conference, accessed 1 April 2019.
- Putin, V. (2017b) ‘Vstrecha s rukovodstvom palat Federal’nogo Sobraniya’, 25 December, available as an audio file at: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/56495/audios, accessed 1 September 2020.
- Quainton, A. (2018) ‘Militarization and Marginalization of American Diplomacy and Foreign Policy’, American Diplomacy, March, available at: http://americandiplomacy.web.unc.edu/2018/03/militarization-and-marginalization-of-american-diplomacy-and-foreign-policy/, accessed 30 April 2019.
- Ramani, S. (2018) ‘Why Russia Exaggerates Islamic State’s Presence in Afghanistan’, The Diplomat, 10 April, available at: https://thediplomat.com/2018/04/why-russia-exaggerates-islamic-states-presence-in-afghanistan/, accessed 15 May 2019.
- RIAC (2013) Russia’s Interests in Central Asia: Contents, Perspectives, Limitations (Moscow, Russian International Affairs Council).
- Roth, A. (2015) ‘Russia is Sharing Information with the Taliban to Fight the Islamic State’, Washington Post, 23 December.
- Rubin, B. R. (2017) ‘It’s Much Bigger than Afghanistan: U.S. Strategy for a Transformed Region’, War on the Rocks, 25 April, available at: https://warontherocks.com/2017/04/its-much-bigger-than-afghanistan-u-s-strategy-for-a-transformed-region/, accessed 1 March 2019.
- Rubin, B. R. (2019) ‘Negotiations Are the Best Way to End the War in Afghanistan: Why Talking to the Taliban is the Right Move’, Foreign Affairs, 1 March, available at: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/afghanistan/2019-03-01/negotiations-are-best-way-end-war-afghanistan, accessed 10 April 2019.
- Ruttig, T. (2014) ‘From Point Zero to “New Warmth”: Russian–Afghan Relations Since 1989’, Afghan Analysts Network, available at: https://www.afghanistan-analysts.org/en/reports/regional-relations/from-point-zero-to-new-warmth-russian-afghan-relations-since-1989/, accessed 1 May 2019.
- Ruttig, T. (2019) ‘AAN Q&A: What Came Out of the Doha Intra-Afghan Conference?’, Afghan Analysts Network, available at: https://www.afghanistan-analysts.org/en/reports/war-and-peace/aan-qa-what-came-out-of-the-doha-intra-afghan-conference/, accessed 30 July 2019.
- Safranchuk, I. (2017) Afghanistan and the Central Asian Neighbors: Dividing Insecurity (Washington, DC, Center for Strategic and International Studies).
- Semple, M. (2019) ‘Internationalisation and Inclusiveness in Afghan Peace Processes’, Accord, 28.
- Shah, T. & Nordland, R. (2018) ‘U.S. Diplomats Held Face-to-Face Talks with Taliban, Insurgents Say’, New York Times, 28 July.
- Standish, R. (2015) ‘Putin to Central Asia: Let Daddy Save You from the Islamic State’, Foreign Policy, 11 June, available at: https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/06/11/russia-is-exploiting-fears-of-the-islamic-state-to-grow-its-military-influence-central-asia-isis/, accessed 15 January 2019.
- Stepanova, E. (2017) ‘The ISIS Factor in Afghanistan: How Much of a Challenge for Russia?’, Bishkek Project Memo, available at: https://bishkekproject.com/memos/21, accessed 1 April 2019.
- Stepanova, E. (2018a) ‘Russia’s Afghan Policy in the Regional and Russia−West Contexts’, Russie.NEI.Reports, No. 23, May (Paris, Institut français des relations internationals).
- Stepanova, E. (2018b) ‘Russia and Conflicts in the Middle East: Regionalisation and Implications for the West’, International Spectator, 53, 4. doi: 10.1080/03932729.2018.1507135
- UNODC (2018) Afghanistan Opium Survey 2018: Cultivationa and Production (Vienna & Kabul, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime), available at: https://www.unodc.org/documents/crop-monitoring/Afghanistan/Afghanistan_opium_survey_2018.pdf, accessed 1 May 2019.
- Zeb, R. (2018) ‘Pakistan in SCO: Challenges and Prospects’, The Central Asia–Caucasus Analyst, 8 February, available at: https://www.cacianalyst.org/publications/analytical-articles/item/13496-pakistan-in-the-sco-challenges-and-prospects.html, accessed 1 September 2020.