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Original Articles

'A Nation Split into Fragments': The Congress of Russian Communities and Russian Nationalist Ideology

Pages 687-704 | Published online: 02 Jul 2010

References

  • Lester , Jeremy . 1997 . 'Overdosing on nationalism: Gennadii Zyuganov and the Communist Party of the Russian Federation' . New Left Review , 221 January-February : 34 – 53 .
  • Urban , Joan and Solovei , Valerii . 1997 . Russia's Communists at the Crossroads Boulder
  • Yanov , Aleksandr . 1996 . ``Patrioticheskii' kommunizm Gennadiya Zyuganova' . Moskovskie novosti , 9 3-10 March : 8
  • 1995 . 'The Path of Goodness and Righteousness' . Current Digest of the Soviet Press , XLVII ( 41 ) : 4 from Pravda Rossii, supplement to Pravda, 5 October 1995
  • 'The Path of Goodness and Righteousness'.
  • Slater , Wendy . 1993 . 'The Center Right in Russia' . RFE/RL Research Report , 2 ( 34 ) : 7 – 14 . I gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Cambridge University Board of Graduate Studies, the Leverhulme Trust and the ESRC. I would also like to thank Graham Smith and Stephen Shenfield for their comments on a draft of this article. Works to have considered the KRO include
  • Melvin , Neil . 1995 . Russians Beyond Russia London which discusses its precursor, the Union for the Rebirth of Russia;
  • Simonsen , S. 1996 . 'Raising "The Russian Question": Ethnicity and Statehood--Russkie and Rossiya' . Nationalism and Ethnic Politics , 2 ( 1 ) : 91 – 110 .
  • Orttung , Robert . 1995 . 'KRO Fights for a Stable Niche' . Transition , 1 ( 22 ) 1 December : 14 – 16 . The latter two works only consider the KRO during 1995
  • 1996 . 'Puff KRO i Yuriya Skokova razoshlis' . Segodnya , 28 May
  • Shenfield , Stephen . 1994 . “ 'Post-Soviet Russia in search of Identity' ” . In Russia's Future: Consolidation or Disintegration Edited by: Blum , Douglas . 5 – 16 . Boulder
  • Greenfeld , Liah . 1992 . Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity , Cambridge : MA .
  • Kristof , Ladis . 1968 . “ 'The Russian Image of Russia: An Applied Study in Geopolitical Methodology' ” . In Essays in Political Geography Edited by: Fisher , A. 345 – 387 . London
  • Savelev , A. , Koshevarov , A. , Kapustin , V. , Drozdov , B. , Lukyanov , N. and Khokhlov , A. 1994 . Manifest vozrozhdeniya Rossii (vtoraya redaktsiya) Dubna hereafter referred to as 'Manifesto, second edition'
  • Manifesto, second edition, pp. 6-7.
  • Ibid.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 11.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 11.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 9.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 8.
  • Solovei , Valerii . 1993 . 'Russkoe natsional'noe dvizhenie 60-80-kh godov XX veka v osveshchenii zarubezhnoi istoriografii' . Otechestvennaya istoriya , 2 : 107 – 112 . For example, 'KRO member criticises Skokov', FBIS-SOV, 95-245-S 21-12-95, from Zavtra, 1995, 47. See also
  • Manifesto, second edition, pp. 9-10, Capitals and brackets in original. For the KRO russkii and Russian (rossiiskii) nationalism must be identical, as the russkie are the state-forming nation in Russia.
  • Rogozin , Dmitrii . 1994 . 'Inostrantsy na rodnoi zemle' . Moskva , 7 : 117 – 122 .
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 11.
  • Ibid.
  • 'Inostrantsy na rodnoi zemle'.
  • Karaganov , Sergei . 1992 . 'Problemy zashchity interesov rossiiskogo orientirovannogo naseleniya v 'blizhnem' zarubezhe' . Diplomaticheskii vestnik , 15-30 November : 21 – 22 . 43 – 45 .
  • 1994 . 'Gerbovaya bumaga vyderzhit, sootechestvenniki--net' . Rossiya , 31 17-23 August
  • 1993 . 'Voiny nachinayutsya na rynke' . Rossiya , 35 25-31 August In a 1993 interview as head of the KRO Rogozin termed himself a 'democrat-statist': 'I relate to the democrat-statists, who were always against the collapse of the Union. There are always alternative means of changing the political essence of the state while keeping existing links'.
  • Rogozin: 'Rossiya budet shire nyneshnikh granits'.
  • Ibid.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 26.
  • 'Inostrantsy na rodnoi zemle'.
  • Ibid.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 33.
  • Walicki , Andrezj . 1975 . The Slavophile Controversy: History of a Conservative Utopia in Nineteenth Century Russian Thought Oxford
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 36.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 14.
  • 1994 . 'Kongress russkikh obshchin v borbe za interesov sootecheshvennikov' . journal Obozrevatel' , 18 : 157 – 192 . The Declaration of Compatriots' Rights was published in the Manifesto, second edition, and also in a supplement,
  • Brubaker , Rogers . 1996 . Nationalism Refrained Cambridge For a discussion of the government policy, see
  • Furman , Dmitrii . 1992 . 'Velikoe russkoe gosudarstvo--ideya-lovushka' . Svobodnaya mysl' , 1 : 4 – 16 .
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 12, 'Russkii nationalism'. The other key distinction of russkii nationalism is its 'indissoluble link with Orthodoxy, more accurately, with the Orthodox world view, imprinted in the consciousness of the people by its centuries' experience'.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 24.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 13.
  • Bassin , Mark . 1991 . 'Russia Between Europe and Asia: the Ideological Construction of Geographical Space' . Slavic Review , 50 ( 1 ) : 1 – 17 . Ibid. On Eurasianism see
  • Ochirova , Tat'yanna . 1994 . 'Geopoliticheskaya kontseptsiya evraziistva' . Obshchestvennya nauki i sovremmenost' , 1 : 47 – 55 .
  • Manifesto, second edition, pp. 27-28.
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid., p. 29.
  • Ibid.
  • Rogozin , Dmitrii . 1994 . 'Rossiya budet shire nyneshnikh granits" . Moskovskie novosti , 19 8-15 May
  • Frazer , Graham and Lancelle , George , eds. 1994 . “ 'I: The Near Abroad or Former Soviet Union Outside Russia' ” . In Zhirinovsky: the Little Black Book 1 – 25 . Harmondsworth For a selection of Zhirinovsky's statements see
  • 'Inostrantsy na rodnoi zemle'.
  • 'Osnovnye napravleniya …'
  • 1994 . 'Russkii--eto, konechno, gordo' . Sel'skya zhizn' , 9 December
  • Laqueur , Walter . 1993 . Black Hundred: the Rise of the Extreme Right in Russia New York and Manifesto, second edition, p. xv
  • Ibid. p. 16.
  • Ibid.
  • Ibid.
  • Manifesto, preliminary edition, pp. 33-34.
  • Manifesto, second edition, p. 25.
  • Ibid., p. 39.
  • Ibid., p. 38.
  • Ibid., p. 40.
  • Ibid., p. 43.
  • Smith , Anthony . 1991 . National Identity London
  • Simonsen , S. 1996 . 'Aleksandr Barkashov and Russian National Unity: Blackshirt Friends of the Nation' . Nationalities Papers , 24 ( 4 ) : 625 – 640 . RNE flyer received by author on Moscow Metro, spring 1995, and
  • Manifesto, second edition, pp. 62-63.

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