12
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Insect Mobility and the Philosophy of Crop Protection with Reference to the Sudan Gezira

Pages 62-70 | Published online: 06 Jul 2009

References

  • Balla , Ahmed Nasir . 1970 . “ American bollworm in the Gezira and Managil ” . In Cotton growth in the Gezira environment , Edited by: Siddig , M. A. and Hughes , L. E. 281 – 292 . Wad Medani : Agricultural Research Corporation .
  • Bateman , A. 1968 . “ Determinates of abundance in a population of the Queensland fruit fly ” . In Insect abundance , Edited by: Southwell , T. R. E. London : Royal Entomological Society . Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford and Edinburgh.
  • Brown , E. S. , Betts , E. and Rainey , R. C. 1969 . Seasonal changes in distribution of the African army-worm, Spodoptera exempta Wlk. (Lep., Noctuidae) with special reference to Eastern Africa . Bull. ent. Res. , 58 : 661 – 728 .
  • Cowland , J. W. 1947 . The cotton jassid (Empoasca lybica Berg.) in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and experiments on its control . Bull. ent. Res. , 38 : 99 – 115 .
  • Cowland , J. W. and Hanna , A. D. 1950 . The cotton jassid, Empoasca lybica de Berg, during the dead season in the Gezira . Bull. ent. Res. , 41 : 355 – 358 .
  • Dingle , H. 1972 . Migration strategies of insects . Science, N.Y. , 175 : 1327 – 1335 .
  • Elton , C. S. 1927 . Animal ecology , London : Sedgwick and Jackson .
  • Evans , D. E. 1966 . The distribution of Empoasca lybica de Berg. (Homoptera, Cicadellidae) on cotton in the Sudan . Bull. ent. Res. , 56 : 635 – 647 .
  • Ewing , K. P. and Ivy , E. E. 1943 . Some factors influencing bollworm populations and damage . J. econ. Ent. , 36 : 602 – 606 .
  • Fye , R. E. 1972 . The interchange of insect parasites and predators between crops . PANS , 18 ( 2 ) : 143 – 146 .
  • Gameel , O. I. 1970 . “ The effects of whitefly on cotton ” . In Cotton growth in the Gezira environment , Edited by: Siddig , M. A. and Hughes , L. E. 265 – 280 . Wad Medani : Agricultural Research Corporation .
  • Greenbank , D. O. 1957 . The role of climate and dispersal in the initiation of outbreaks of the spruce budworm in New Brunswick, II. The role of dispersal . Can. J. Zool. , 35 : 385 – 403 .
  • Hanna , A. D. 1950 . The effect of rainfall on the cotton jassid Empoasca lybica (de Berg), in Gezira . Bull. ent. Res. , 41 : 359 – 369 .
  • Hassan , H. M. 1970 . “ Progress in chemical control of pests ” . In Cotton growth in the Gezira environment , Edited by: Siddig , M. A. and Hughes , L. E. 232 – 246 . Wad Medani : Agricultural Research Corporation .
  • Headley , J. C. 1972 . Economics of agricultural pest control . A. Rev. Ent. , 17 : 273 – 286 .
  • Himel , C. M. 1969 . The physics and biology of the control of cotton insect populations with insecticide sprays . J. Ga ent. Soc. , 4 : 33 – 40 .
  • Himel , C. M. and Moore , A. D. 1969 . Spray droplet size in the control of spruce budworm, boll weevil, bollworm and cabbage looper . J. econ. Ent. , 62 : 916 – 918 .
  • Johnson , C. G. 1969 . Dispersal of insects by flight , London : Methuen .
  • Joyce , R. J. V. 1956a . Large scale spraying of cotton in the Gezira Delta of eastern Sudan . Bull. ent. Res. , 47 : 399 – 413 .
  • Joyce , R. J. V. 1956b . Insect mobility and design of field experiments . Nature, Lond. , 177 : 282 – 283 .
  • Joyce , R. J. V. 1959 . Recent progress in entomological research in the Sudan Gezira . Exp. Cott. Grow. Rev. , 56 : 179 – 186 .
  • Joyce , R. J. V. 1961 . Some factors affecting numbers of Empoasca lybica (de Berg.) infesting cotton in the Sudan Gezira . Bull. ent. Res. , 52 : 191 – 232 .
  • Joyce , R. J. V. Operational frontiers . Proc. 4th Int. agric. Aviat. Congr. Kingston . pp. 66 – 72 .
  • Joyce , R. J. V. and Roberts , P. 1959 . The determination of size of plot suitable for cotton spraying experiments in the Sudan Gezira . Ann. appl. Biol. , 47 : 287 – 305 .
  • Lewis , T. 1965 . The effect of an artificial windbreak on the aerial distribution of flying insects . Ann. appl. Biol. , 55 : 503 – 512 .
  • Matthews , G. A. and Tunstall , J. P. 1968 . Scouting for pests and the timing of spray applications . Cott. Grow. Rev. , 45 : 115 – 127 .
  • McKinlay , K. S. 1953 . Use of repellents to simplify insecticide field trails . Nature, Lond. , 171 : 658
  • Osman , O. E. and Hastenrath , S. L. 1969 . On the synoptic climatology of summer rainfall over Central Sudan . Arch. Met. Geophys. Bioklim. (Ser. B) , 17 : 297 – 324 .
  • Pearce , S. C. 1953 . Field experimentation with fruit trees and other perennial plants . Tech. Commun. Commonw. Bur. Hort. Plantn Crops ,
  • Pearson , E. O. and Maxwell-Darling , R. C. 1958 . The insect pests of cotton in tropical Africa , London : Empire Cotton Growing Corporation and Commonwealth Institute of Entomology .
  • Pilon , J. G. and Blais , J. R. 1961 . Weather and outbreaks of the spruce budworm in the Province of Quebec from 1939–1956 . Can. Ent. , 93 : 118 – 123 .
  • Rainey , R. C. 1951 . Weather and the movements of locust swarms: a new hypothesis . Nature, Lond. , 168 : 1057 – 1060 .
  • Rainey , R. C. 1958 . Some observations on flying locusts and atmospheric turbulence in eastern Africa . O. JI R. met. Soc. , 84 : 334 – 354 .
  • Rainey , R. C. 1963 . Meteorology and the migration of desert locusts . Tech. Notes Wld met. Org. , : 115
  • Rainey , R. C. 1972 . Flying insects as potential targets: initial feasibility studies with airborne doppler equipment in East Africa . Aeronaut. J. , 76 : 501 – 506 .
  • Rainey , R. C. , Brown , E. S. , Betts , E. , Haggis , M. J. , Mohamed , A. K. A. , Odiyo , P. , Windsor , D. E. , Winstanley , D. and Yeates , M. N. D. B. 1971 . Experimental work with aircraft: exploring wind fields for flying insects . A. Rep. E. Afr. Agric. For. Res. Org. , 1970
  • Rainey , R. C. and Joyce , R. J. V. The use of airborne doppler equipment in monitoring wind fields for airborne insects: some recent results . 7th Int. Aerospace Symp.
  • Reed , W. 1972 . Uses and abuses of unsprayed controls in spraying trials . Cott. Grow. Rev. , 49 : 67 – 72 .
  • Ridgway , R. L. and Lingren , P. D. 1972 . Predaceous and parasitic arthropods as regulators of Heliothis populations . Bull. Sth. Coop. Ser. US Dep. Agric. ,
  • Ripper , W. and George , L. 1965 . Cotton pests of Sudan , Oxford and Edinburgh : Blackwell Scientific Publications .
  • Roberts , P. 1960 . The analysis of an experiment on interplot effects . Incorp. Statistician , July, 1960
  • Sayer , H. J. 1962 . The desert locust and tropical convergence . Nature, Lond. , 194 : 330 – 336 .
  • Solomon , M. E. 1969 . Population dynamics , Institute of Biology's Studies in Biology No. 18 London : Arnold .
  • Sparks , A. 1972 . Heliothis migration. In ‘Distribution abundance and control of Heliothis species in cotton and other host plants’ . Bull. Sth. Coop. Ser. US Dep. Agric. , : 15 – 17 .
  • Spillman , J. J. 1972 . The design of an insect trap for use on light aircraft . Rep. Cranfield Inst. Technol. Aero/47 ,
  • Stadelbacher , E. A. , Larter , M. L. and Pfrimmer , T. R. 1972 . Seasonal occurrence of populations of bollworm and tobacco budworm moths in the Central Delta of Mississippi . Environ. Ent. , 1 ( 3 ) : 318 – 326 .
  • Van Der Laan , P. A. 1961 . Stimulating effect of DDT treatment of cotton on whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) in the Sudan Gezira . Entomologia exp. appl. , 4 ( 1 ) : 47 – 53 .
  • Waloff , Z. 1972 . Orientation of flying locusts Schistocerca gregaria Forsk. in migrating swarms . Bull. ent. Res. , 62 : 1 – 72 .
  • Weidhaas , D. E. , Bowman , A. C. , Mount , G. A. , Lofgren , C. S. and Ford , M. R. 1970 . Relationship of minimum lethal dose to the optimum size of droplets of insecticides for mosquito control . Mosquito News , 30 : 195 – 200 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.