Effect of native natural enemies and augmentative releases of Chrysoperla rufilabris Burmeister and Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) on the population dynamics of the green apple aphid, Aphis poMi De Geer

References

• ADAMS , R. G. and PROKOPY , R. J. 1980 . Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Ron (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae): an effective predator of the apple: (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Massachusetts . Protection Ecology , 2 : 27
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ALTIERI , M. A. and SCHMIDT , L. L. 1986 . The dynamics of colon arthropod communities at the interface of abandoned, organic commercial apple orchards and adjacent woodland habitats . Agricl Ecosystems and Environment , 16 : 29 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• ALTERI , M. A. and SCHMIDT , L.L. 1986 . Cover crops affect insect and S populations in apple orchards . California Agriculture , 40 : 15 – 17 .
   Google Scholar
• CARROLL , D. P. and HOYT , S. C. 1984 . Natural enemies and their effec apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer (Homoptera: Aphididae), colonie young apple trees in central Washington . Environmental Entomo , 13 : 469 – 481 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HAGLEY , E. A. C. 1989 . Release of Chrysoperia camea Stepl (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) for control of the green apple aphid, Aphis, De Geer (Homoptera: Aphididae) . Canadian Entomologist , 121 : 309
   Google Scholar
• HALEY , S. and HOGUE , E. J. 1990 . Ground cover influence on apple a Aphis pomi De Geer (Homoptera: Aphididae), and its predators in a y apple orchard . Crop Protection , 9 : 225 – 230 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HAMILTON , G. C. , SWIFT , F. C. and MARINI , R. 1986 . Effect of Aphis, (Homoptera: Aphididae) density on apples . Journal of Econ Entomology , 79 : 471 – 478 .
   Google Scholar
• HARRIS , K. M. 1973 . Aphidophagous Cecidomyiidae (Diptera): taxon biology and assessment of field populations . Bulletin of Entomolo. Research , 63 : 305 – 325 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MEADOW , R. H. , KELLY , W. C. and SHELTON , A. M. 1985 . Evaluatic Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Dip.: Cecidomyiidae) for control of M persicae (Horn.: Aphididae) in greenhouse and field experiments ir United States . Entomophaga , 30 : 385 – 392 .
   Google Scholar
• MORSE , J. G. 1981 . “ Biological studies on Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Ronc (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and its use in biological control of the apple a Aphis pomi De Geer (Homoptera: Aphididae) ” . Mich State University . PhD dissertation
   Google Scholar
• NEW , T. R. 1988 . “ Neuroptera ” . In Apl Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control , Edited by: Minks , A. K. and Harrewijn , P. Vol. B , 249 – 258 . Amsterdam : Elsev .
   Google Scholar
• OATMAN , E. R. and LEGNER , E. F. 1961 . Bionomics of the apple aphid, A pomi, on young nonbearing apple trees . Journal of Economic Entomol , 54 : 1034 – 1037 .
   Google Scholar
• SAS INSTITUTE INC. 1988 . SAS/STAT User's Guide , release 6.03 ed , 1028 Cary, NC : SAS Institute Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• TRACEWSKI , K. T. , JOHNSON , P. C. and EATON , A. T. 1984 . Rela densities of predaceous Diptera (Cecidomyiidae, Chamaemyiidae, Syi dae) and their aphid prey in New Hampshire, U.S.A., apple orcha . Protection Ecology , 6 : 199 – 207 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WANG , R. and NORDLUND , D. A. 1994 . Use of Chrysoperia spp. (Neuropt Chrysopidae) in augmentative release programmes for control of arthro pests . Biocontrol News and Information , 15 : 51N – 57N .
   Google Scholar
• To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Biology Division, University of Brighton, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, Sussex BN2 4GJ, UK.
   Google Scholar