47
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

Identification of strabismus in children born to mothers misusing substances during pregnancy: A clinical and research challenge

, &
Pages 88-93 | Published online: 10 Jul 2009

References

  • Ansons A, Davis H. Diagnosis and management of ocular motility disorders 3rd. Blackwell Science, OxfordUK 2001
  • Chavez CJ, Ostrea EM, Stryker JC, Strauss ME. Ocular abnormalities in infants as sequelae of parental drug addiction. Pediatric Research 1979; 13: 326–543
  • Dominiquez R, Villa-Coro A, Slopis J, Bohan T. Brain and ocular abnormalities in infants with in utero exposure to cocaine and other drugs. American Journal Dis Child 1991; 145: 688–695
  • Friedman Z, Neuman E, Hyams SW, Pelag B. Ophthalmic screening of 38,000 children age 1–1.5 years in child welfare clinics. Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology: Strabismus 1980; 17: 261–267
  • Gill AC, Oei J, Lewis NL, Younan N, Kennedy I, Lui K. Strabismus in infants of opiate – dependent mothers. Acta Pediatrica 2003; 92: 379–385
  • Hall DMB, Elliman D. Health for all children: Report on 4th Joint Working Party on Children (Ch. 12). Oxford University Press, OxfordUK 2002
  • Hoegerman G, Wilson CA, Thurmond E, Scholl SH. Drug exposed neonates. The Western Journal of Medicine 1990; 152(5)559–564
  • Horwood A. Neonatal ocular misalignments reflect vergence development but rarely become esotropia. British Journal of Ophthalmology 2003; 87: 1146–1150
  • Hoyt CS, Mousel DK, Weber AA. Transient supranuclear disturbances of gaze in healthy neonates. . American Journal of Ophthalmology 1980; 89(5)708–713
  • Hoyt CS, Good WV. Acute onset concomitant esotropia: When is it a sign of serious neurological disease?. British Journal of Ophthalmology 1995; 79(5)498–501
  • Koklanis K, Abel L, Aroni R. Psychosocial impact of amblyopia and its treatment: A multidisciplinary study. Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology 2006; 34(8)743–750
  • Matsuo T, Yamane T, Ohtsuki H. Heredity versus abnormalities in pregnancy and delivery as risk factors for different types of concomitant strabismus. Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology: Strabismus 2001; 38: 78–82
  • National Society To Prevent Blindness. Crossed eyes: A needless handicap. NSPB, New York 1981
  • Nelson LB, Ehrlich S, Calhoun JH, Matteuci T, Finnegan LP. Occurrence of strabismus in infants born to drug dependent women. American Journal of Diseases of Children 1987; 141: 175–178
  • Olintsky SE, Sudesh S, Graziano A, Hamblen J, Brooks SE, Shaha SH. The negative psychosocial impact of strabismus in adults. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology 1999, August; 3(4)209–211
  • www.mrcopnth.com/focus1/strabismus.htm, - Accessed February 2000)
  • Tommila V, Tarkkanen A. Incidence of loss of vision in the healthy eye in ambloyopia. British Journal of Ophthalmology 1981; 65: 575–577, Royal College of Ophthalmologists. (2000). Guidelines for the Management of Strabismus and Amblyopia in Childhood.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.