Intellectual property protection and European ‘competitiveness'

REFERENCES

• Abbott , F. , Cottier , T. and Gurry , F. 1999 . The International Intellectual Property System: Commentary and Materials, Parts I and II , London : Kluwer Law International .
   Google Scholar
• Acheson , D. 1969 . Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department , New York : Norton .
   Google Scholar
• Archibugi , D. and Coco , A. 2005 . ‘Is Europe Becoming the Most Dynamic Knowledge Economy in the World?' . Journal of Common Market Studies , 43 ( 3 ) : 433 – 59 . doi: 10.1111/j.0021-9886.2005.00564.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bently , L. 2008 . ‘Creativity Stifled? A Joint Academic Statement on the Proposed Copyright Term Extension for Sound Recordings' . European Intellectual Property Review , : 341 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Billiet , S. 2006 . ‘From GATT to the WTO: The Internal Struggle for External Competence in the EU' . Journal of Common Market Studies , 44 ( 5 ) : 899 – 919 . doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5965.2006.00667.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boldrin , M. , Allamand , J. C. , Levine , D. K. and Carmine Ornaghi , C. 2011 . ‘Competition and Innovation' . Cato Papers on Public Policy , 1 : 1 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Borrás , S. 2008 . “ ‘Innovation Policy and Institutional Competitiveness in Europe and Denmark' ” . In Institutions and Politics , Edited by: Nedergaard , P. and Campbell , J. L. 53 – 72 . Copenhagen : DJØF Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Borrás , S. and Kahin , B. 2009 . ‘Patent Reform in Europe and the US' . Science and Public Policy , 36 ( 8 ) : 631 – 40 . doi: 10.3152/030234209X474589
   Google Scholar
• Borrás , S. and Radaelli , C. 2011 . ‘The Politics of Governance Architectures: Creation, Change and Effects of the EU Lisbon Strategy' . Journal of European Public Policy , 18 ( 4 ) : 463 – 84 . doi: 10.1080/13501763.2011.560069
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruno , I. 2009 . ‘The “Indefinite Discipline” of Competitiveness: Benchmarking as a Neoliberal Technology of Government' . Minerva , 47 : 261 – 80 . doi: 10.1007/s11024-009-9128-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buch-Hansen , H. and Wiger , A. 2010 . ‘Revisiting 50 Years of Market-Making: The Neoliberal Transformation of European Competition Policy' . Review of International Political Economy , 17 ( 1 ) : 20 – 44 . doi: 10.1080/09692290903014927
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cantwell , J. 2005 . “ ‘Innovation and Competitiveness' ” . In The Oxford Handbook of Innovation , Edited by: Fagerberg , J. , Mowery , D. and Nelson , R. 543 – 67 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Chang , H-J. 2001 . ‘Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Development – Historical Lessons and Emerging Issues' . Journal of Human Development , 2 ( 2 ) : 287 – 309 . doi: 10.1080/14649880120067293
   Google Scholar
• Cini , M. 2002 . ‘The European Merger Regime: Accounting for the Distinctiveness of the EU Model' . Policy Studies Journal , 30 ( 2 ) : 240 – 51 . doi: 10.1111/j.1541-0072.2002.tb02144.x
   Google Scholar
• Corbet , J. 1994 . ‘The Law of the EEC and Intellectual Property' . Journal of Law and Commerce , 13 : 327 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Crossland , D. 2012 . ‘ACTA Criticism is Hysterical and Misinformed' . Der Spiegel , <http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/the-world-from-berlin-acta-criticism-is-hysterical-and-misinformed-a-814965.html> (accessed 21 May 2012)
   Google Scholar
• Deeg , R. ‘Europe 2020 and Varieties of Capitalism: Complementary or Contradictory?' . pp. 1 – 4 . Seattle , , USA : Conference paper presented at APSA . September
   Google Scholar
• Destler , I. M. 1992 . American Trade Politics , New York : Institute for International Economics and the Twentieth Century Fund .
   Google Scholar
• Doern , B. 1997 . ‘The European Patent Office and the Political Economy of Intellectual Property Policy' . Journal of European Public Policy , 4 ( 3 ) : 388 – 403 . doi: 10.1080/13501769780000061
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drahos , P. and Braithwaite , J. 2002 . Informational Feudalism: Who Owns the Knowledge Economy? , London : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar
• Dutfield , G. 2003 . Intellectual Property and the Life Sciences Industries: A Twentieth Century History , Aldershot , , UK : Dartmouth Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• ECJ . 1994 . European Court of Justice Opinion 61994V0001, 15 November .
   Google Scholar
• ECJ . 2001 . European Court of Justice Judgement in Case C-377/98, 9 October .
   Google Scholar
• Elsig , M. 2007 . ‘The EU's Choice of Regulatory Venues for Trade Negotiations: A Tale of Agency Power?' . Journal of Common Market Studies , 45 ( 4 ) : 927 – 48 . doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5965.2007.00754.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein , S. R. 2004 . ‘Property Rights to Technical Knowledge in Pre-Modern Europe, 1300–1800' . The American Economic Review , 94 ( 2 ) : 382 – 7 . doi: 10.1257/0002828041301777
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ermert , M. 2006 . “ ‘EU IP Enforcement Directive Questioned on Procedure' ” . Intellectual Property Watch (11 July) . <http://www.ip-watch.org/2006/07/11/eu-ip-enforcement-directive-questioned-on-procedure/?res=1024_ff&print=0> (accessed 20 May 2012)
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . 2010 . “ ‘EU-South Korea Free Trade Agreement: A Quick Reading Guide' ” . <http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2009/october/tradoc_145203.pdf> (accessed 20 May 2012)
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . n.d. . “ Statements as They Appear in Commission's Webpages ” . DG Internal Market and DG Trade . <http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/internal_market/businesses/intellectual_property/index_en.htm and http://ec.europa.eu/trade/creating-opportunities/trade-topics/intellectual-property/> (accessed 20 February 2012)
   Google Scholar
• Fagerberg , J. 2005 . “ ‘Innovation: A Guide to the Literature' ” . In The Oxford Handbook of Innovation , Edited by: Fagerberg , J. , Mowery , D. and Nelson , R. 1 – 27 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Fisk , C. 2003 . ‘Authors at Work: The Origins of the Work-for-Hire Doctrine' . Yale Journal of Law and Humanities , 15 ( 1 ) : 1 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Fontela , E. 2006 . “ ‘Beyond the Lisbon Strategy: Information Technologies for the Sustainable Knowledge Society' ” . In The Future of the Information Society in Europe , Edited by: Compaño , R. and Pascu , C. 93 – 110 . Brussels : European Commission, Joint Research Centre .
   Google Scholar
• Fougner , T. 2006 . ‘The State, International Competitiveness and Neoliberal Globalisation: Is There a Future beyond “the Competition State”?' . Review of International Studies , 32 : 165 – 85 . doi: 10.1017/S0260210506006978
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gitter , D. 2001 . ‘Led Astray by the Moral Compass: Incorporating Morality into European Union Biotechnology Patent Law' . Berkeley Journal of International Law , 19 ( 1 ) : 1 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Green , J. and Scotchemer , S. 1995 . ‘On the Division of Profit in Sequential Innovation' . RAND Journal of Economics , 26 ( 1 ) : 20 – 3 . doi: 10.2307/2556033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris , J. R. 1998 . Industrial Espionage and Technology Transfer: Britain and France in the Eighteenth Century , Aldershot , , UK : Ashgate .
   Google Scholar
• Haunss , S. and Hohlmorgen , L. 2010 . ‘Conflicts about Intellectual Property Claims: The Role and Function of Collective Action Networks' . Journal of European Public Policy , 17 ( 2 ) : 242 – 62 . doi: 10.1080/13501760903561534
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hay , C. 2007 . ‘What Doesn't Kill You Can Only Make You Stronger: The Doha Development Round, the Services Directive and the EU's Conception of Competitiveness' . Journal of Common Market Studies , 45 : 25 – 43 . doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5965.2007.00733.x
   Google Scholar
• Höpner , M. and Schäfer , A. 2010 . ‘A New Phase of European Integration: Organised Capitalism in Post-Ricardian Europe' . West European Politics , 33 ( 2 ) : 344 – 68 . doi: 10.1080/01402380903538997
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hugenholtz , P. B. 2000 . ‘Why the Copyright Directive is Unimportant, and Possibly Invalid' . European Intellectual Property Review , 11 : 501 – 2 .
   Google Scholar
• Kaiser , R. and Prange , H. 2005 . ‘Missing the Lisbon Target? Multi-Level Innovation and EU Policy Coordination' . Journal of Public Policy , 25 ( 2 ) : 241 – 63 . doi: 10.1017/S0143814X05000322
   Google Scholar
• Kierkegaard , S. M. 2005 . ‘Taking a Sledgehammer to Crack the Nut: The EU Enforcement Directive' . Computer Law & Security Report , 21 : 488 – 95 . doi: 10.1016/j.clsr.2005.08.003
   Google Scholar
• Kluz , R. 2012 . “ ‘Poland and Others Signed ACTA – Demonstrations in Poland' ” . CNN (26 January) . <http://ireport.cnn.com/docs/DOC-737088> (accessed 21 May 2012)
   Google Scholar
• Krugman , P. 1996 . ‘Making Sense of the Competitiveness Debate' . Oxford Review of Economic Policy , 12 ( 3 ) : 17 – 25 . doi: 10.1093/oxrep/12.3.17
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindbeck , A. 1985 . ‘What is Wrong with the West European Economies?' . World Economy , 8 ( June ) : 153 – 70 . doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9701.1985.tb00420.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews , D. 2002 . Globalising Intellectual Property Rights: The TRIPs Agreement , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Matthews , D. and Munoz-Tellez , V. 2006 . ‘Bilateral Technical Assistance and TRIPs: The United States, Japan and the European Communities in Comparative Perspective' . The Journal of World Intellectual Property , 9 ( 6 ) : 629 – 653 . doi: 10.1111/j.1422-2213.2006.00305.x
   Google Scholar
• May , C. 2000 . A Global Political Economy of Intellectual Property Rights: The New Enclosures? , London and New York : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• May , C. and Sell , S. K. 2006 . Intellectual Property Rights: A Critical History , London : Lynne Reinner Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• McCreevy , C. 2008 . “ ‘Performing Artists – No Longer be the “Poor Cousins” of the Music Business' ” . DG Internal Market press release, IP/08/240 (14 February) . <http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/08/240> (accessed 20 May 2012)
   Google Scholar
• Merges , R. P. 2001 . “ ‘Institutions for Intellectual Property Transactions: The Case of Patent Pools' ” . In Expanding the Boundaries of Intellectual Property: Innovation Policy for the Knowledge Society , Edited by: Dreyfuss , R. C. , Zimmerman , D. L. and First , H. 123 – 66 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Meunier , S. and Nicolaïdis , K. 1999 . ‘Who Speaks for Europe? The Delegation of Trade Authority in the EU' . Journal of Common Market Studies , 37 ( 3 ) : 477 – 501 . doi: 10.1111/1468-5965.00174
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Natali , D. 2010 . The Lisbon Strategy, Europe 2020 and the Crisis in between , Brussels : European Social Observatory .
   Google Scholar
• Nelson , R. R. and Romer , P. M. 1996 . ‘Science, Economic Growth and Public Policy' . Challenge , : 9 – 21 .
   Google Scholar
• OECD . 1992 . Technology and the Economy: The Key Relationships , Paris : The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development .
   Google Scholar
• Okediji , R. 1995 . ‘Has Creativity Died in the Third World? Some Implications of the Internationalisation of Intellectual Property' . Denver Journal of International Law and Policy , 24 : 109 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Okediji , R. 2003 . ‘Public Welfare and the Role of the WTO: Reconsidering the TRIPs Agreement' . Emory International Law Review , 17 ( 2 ) : 819 – 918 .
   Google Scholar
• Pagano , U. and Rossi , A. 2009 . ‘The Crash of Knowledge Economy' . Cambridge Journal of Economics , 33 : 665 – 83 . doi: 10.1093/cje/bep033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pianta , M. 2005 . “ ‘Innovation and Employment' ” . In The Oxford Handbook of Innovation , Edited by: Fagerberg , J. , Mowery , D. and Nelson , R. 568 – 98 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pochet , P. 2010 . ‘What's Wrong with EU2020?' . European Social Policy , : 1 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Porter , T. 1999 . “ ‘Hegemony and the Private Governance of International Industries' ” . In Private Authority and International Affairs , Edited by: Culter , A. C. , Haufler , V. and Porter , T. 257 – 82 . Albany, New York , NY : State University of Press .
   Google Scholar
• Reinert , E. S. 1995 . ‘Competitiveness and Its Predecessors: A 500-Year Cross-National Perspective' . Structural Change and Economic Dynamics , 6 : 23 – 42 . doi: 10.1016/0954-349X(94)00002-Q
   Google Scholar
• Reinert , E. S. 2006 . “ ‘European Integration, Innovation and Uneven Economic Growth: Challenges and Problems of EU 2005' ” . Oslo, Norway : Working Paper in Technology Governance and Economic Dynamic, No. 5, The Other Canon Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Richardson , K. 2000 . Big Business and the European Agenda , Sussex : Sussex European Institute . SEI Working Paper, No. 35
   Google Scholar
• Rivette , K. and Kline , D. 2000 . Rembrandts in the Attic: Unlocking the Hidden Value of Patents , Cambridge, MA : Harvard Business School Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rosamond , B. 2002 . ‘Imagining the European Economy: “Competitiveness” and the Social Construction of “Europe” as an Economic Space' . New Political Economy , 7 ( 2 ) : 157 – 77 . doi: 10.1080/13563460220138826
   Google Scholar
• Ryan , M. P. 1998 . Knowledge Diplomacy: Global Competition and the Politics of Intellectual Property , Washington , DC : Brookings Institution Press .
   Google Scholar
• Scherer , F. M. 2010 . ‘A Half Century of Research on Patent Economics' . World Intellectual Property Organization , 2 ( 1 ) : 20 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt , S. K. 2007 . ‘Mutual Recognition as a New Mode of Governance' . Journal of European Public Policy , 14 ( 5 ) : 667 – 81 . doi: 10.1080/13501760701427797
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schumpeter , J. A. 1934/1911 . Theory of Economic Development , Cambridge , MA : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sell , S. 2003 . Private Power, Public Law: The Globalization of Intellectual Property Rights , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shaffer , G. 2004 . ‘Recognising Public Goods in WTO Dispute Settlement: Who Participates? Who Decides? The Case of TRIPs and Pharmaceutical Patent Protection' . Journal of International Economic Law , 7 : 459 – 82 . doi: 10.1093/jiel/7.2.459
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaffer , G. 2006 . ‘What's New in EU Trade Dispute Settlement? Judicialization, Public–Private Networks and the WTO Legal Order' . Journal of European Public Policy , 13 ( 6 ) : 832 – 50 . doi: 10.1080/13501760600837153
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shore , C. 2011 . ‘“European Governance” or Governmentality? The European Commission and the Future of Democratic Government' . European Law Journal , 17 ( 3 ) : 287 – 303 . doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0386.2011.00551.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverstein , D. 1991 . ‘Patents, Science, and Innovation: Historical Linkages and Implications for Global Competitiveness' . Rutgers Computer and Technology Journal , 17 ( 2 ) : 261 – 319 .
   Google Scholar
• The Group of Lisbon . 1995 . Limits to Competition , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• t'Hoen , E. 2002 . “ Report of MSF to the European Parliament Committee on International Trade Hearing on TRIPs and Access to Medicines (18 January) ” . Brussels , , Belgium
   Google Scholar
• Ugolini , M. A. 1999 . ‘Grey Market Goods under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights' . Transnational Law , 12 : 451 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Van Apeldoorn , B. 2002 . Transnational Capitalism and the Struggle over European Integration , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Van Apeldoorn , B. and Hager , S. B. 2010 . ‘The Social Purpose of New Governance: Lisbon and the Limits to Legitimacy' . Journal of International Relations and Development , 13 ( 3 ) : 209 – 38 . doi: 10.1057/jird.2010.9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venturelli , S. 2000 . ‘Ownership of Cultural Expressions: Speech and Culture in the New Intellectual Property Rights Regime of the EU' . Telematics and Informatics , 17 : 9 – 37 . doi: 10.1016/S0736-5853(99)00026-X
   Google Scholar
• Vivarelli , M. 1995 . The Economics of Technology and Employment: Theory and Empirical Evidence , Aldershot , , UK : Elgar Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Watal , J. 2001 . Intellectual Property Rights in the WTO and Developing Countries , The Hague : Kluwer Law International .
   Google Scholar