Effects of Mixing Broiler Litter with Wheat Straw Before Deep-Stacking and Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment on Feed Intake, Digestibility and Performance in Mature Wethers

References

• Association of Official Analytical Chemists . 1984 . Official Methods of Analysis , 162 – 167 . Washington, DC : Association of Official Analytical Chemists .
   Google Scholar
• Barton , T. L. Use of poultry litter as a feed and fertilizer. Page 10- 12 . KOMA Beef. Cattle Conf. Proc. Univ. of Arkansas Coop. Ext. Serv., Little Rock .
   Google Scholar
• Beever , D. E. and Siddons , R. C. 1986 . “ Digestion and metabolism in the grazing ruminant ” . In Control of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants , Edited by: Milligan , L. P. , Grovum , W. L. and Dobson , A. 479 – 497 . Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice-Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Berger , L. L. , Fahey , G. C. Jr. , Bourquin , L. D. and Titgemeyer , E. C. 1994 . “ Modification of forage quality after harvest. Page 922–966 ” . In Forage Quality, Evaluation, and Utilization , Edited by: Fahey , G. C. Jr. Madison, WI : ASA-CSSA-SSSA .
   Google Scholar
• Cameron , M. G. , Fahey , G. C. Jr. , Clark , J. H. , Merchen , N. R. and Berger , L. L. 1991 . Effects of feeding alkaline hydrogen peroxide-treated wheat straw-based diets on intake, digestion, ruminal fermentation, and production responses by mid-lactation dairy cows . J. Anim. Sci. , 69 : 1775 – 1787 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cherney , D. J.R. , Patterson , J. A. and Cherney , J. H. 1989 . Use of 2-ethoxyethanol and alpha-amylase in the neutral detergent fiber method of feed analysis . J. Dairy Sci. , 72 : 3079 – 3084 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cremin , J. D. Jr. , Drackley , J. K. , Grum , D. E. , Hansen , L. R. and Fahey , G. C. Jr. 1994 . Effects of reduced phenolic acids on metabolism of propionate and palmitate in bovine liver tissue in vitro . J. Diary Sci. , 77 : 3608 – 3617 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cremin , J. D. Jr. , McLeod , K. R. , Harmon , D. L. , Goetsch , A. L. , Bourquin , L. D. and Fahey , G. C. Jr. 1995 . Portal and hepatic fluxes in sheep and concentrations in cattle ruminal fluid of hippuric, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic, benzoic, 3-phenylpropionic, and trans-cinnamic acids . J. Anim. Sci. , 73 : 1766 – 1775 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fahey , G. C. Jr. , Bourquin , L. D. , Titgemeyer , E. C. and Atwell , D. G. 1993 . “ Postharvest treatment of fibrous feedstuffs to improve their nutritive value ” . In Forage Cell Wall Structure and Digestibility , Edited by: Jung , H. G. , Buxton , D. R. , Hatfield , R. D. and Ralph , J. 715 – 766 . Madison, WI : ASA-CSSA-SSSA .
   Google Scholar
• Fontenot , J. P. and Jurubescu , V. 1980 . “ Processing of animal waste by feeding to ruminants ” . In Digestive Physiology and Metabolism in Ruminants , Edited by: Ruckebusch , Y. and Thivend , P. 641 – 662 . Westport, CT : AVI .
   Google Scholar
• Goering , H. K. and Van Soest , P. J. 1970 . “ Forage fiber analyses ” . In Apparatus, reagents, procedures and some applications , 1 – 20 . Washington, DC : Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dept. Agric . Agricultural Handbook No. 379
   Google Scholar
• Goetsch , A. L. and Galyean , M. L. 1983 . Influence of feeding frequency on passage of fluid and particulate markers in steers fed a concentrate diet . Can. J. Anim. Sci. , 63 : 727 – 730 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guyton , A. C. 1976 . Textbook of Medical Physiology , 40 – 45 . 438 – 471 . Philadelphia, PA : W.B. Saunders .
   Google Scholar
• Mandebvu , P. , Goetsch , A. L. and Kellogg , D. W. 1995a . Effects of alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment of broiler litter and roughages before deep-stacking on nutrient composition, recovery and in vitro digestibility . J. Appl. Anim. Res. , 8 : 145 – 169 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandebvu , P. , Goetsch , A. L. , Kellogg , D. W. , Park , K. K. , Patil , A. R. , Kouakou , B. and Johnson , Z. B. 1995b . Effects of broiler litter source, treatment with alkaline hydrogen peroxide and length of deep-stacking on nutrient composition, recovery and in vitro digestibility . J. Appl. Anim. Res. , 8 : 29 – 54 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCollum , F. T. and Horn , G. W. 1990 . Protein supplementation of grazing livestock: A review . Prof. Anim. Sci. , 6 ( 2 ) : 1 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Merkel , J. A. 1981 . “ Composting ” . In Managing Livestock Wastes , 306 – 324 . Westport, CT : AVI .
   Google Scholar
• Mertens , D. R. 1993 . “ Kinetics of cell wall digestion and passage in ruminants. Page 538–570 ” . In Forage Cell Wall Structure and Digestibility , Edited by: Jung , H. G. , Buxton , D. R. , Hatfield , R. D. and Ralph , J. Madison, WI : ASA-CSSA-SSSA .
   Google Scholar
• National Research Council . 1980 . Mineral Tolerance of Domestic Animals , 162 – 183 . Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• National Research Council . 1985 . Nutrient Requirements of Sheep , 17 – 18 . Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Owens , F. N. and Goetsch , A. L. 1986 . “ Digesta passage and microbial protein synthesis ” . In Control of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants , Edited by: Milligan , L. P. , Grovum , W. L. and Dobson , A. 196 – 226 . Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice-Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Orskov , E. R. 1987 . Treated straw for ruminants . Res. Devel. Agric , 4 : 65 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Park , K. K. , Goetsch , A. L. , Patil , A. R. , Kouakou , B. , Forster , L. A. Jr. , Galloway , D. L. Sr. and Johnson , Z. B. 1995a . Effects of xylose and soybean meal additions to deep-stacked broiler litter on nutritive characteristics for ruminants . J. Appl. Anim. Res. , 7 : 1 – 26 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park , K. K. , Goetsch , A. L. , Patil , A. R. , Kouakou , B. , Galloway , D. L. Sr. and Johnson , Z. B. 1996b . Composition and in vitro digestibility of fibrous substrates placed in deep-stacked broiler litter . Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. , 64 : 169 – 174 .
   Google Scholar
• Patil , A. R. , Goetsch , A. L. , Kouakou , B. , Park , K. K. , Galloway , D. L. Sr. and Johnson , Z. B. 1995 . Deep-stacked or composted broiler litter in growing cattle diets . Prof. Anim. Sci. , 11 : 100 – 105 .
   Google Scholar
• Rossi , J. E. , Goetsch , A. L. , Park , K. K. , Patil , A. R. , Galloway , D. L. Sr. , Kouakou , B. and Wang , Z. S. 1996 . Effects of dietary level of broiler litter on net flux of nutrients across splanchnic tissues in sheep . J. Anim. Sci. , 74 ( Suppl. 1 ) (In Press; Abst)
   Google Scholar
• Rossi , J. E. , Goetsch , A. L. , Patil , A. R. , Kouakou , B. , Park , K. K. , Wang , Z. S. and Galloway , D. L. Sr. 1995 . Effects of dietary forage level in broiler litter-based diets on feed intake, digestibility, and particulate passage rates in Holstein steers at different live weights . J. Anim. Sci. , 73 ( Suppl. 1 ) : 278 (Abst.)
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith , S. C. , Britton , J. G. , Enis , J. D. , Barnes , K. C. and Lusby , K. S. 1992 . Mineral levels of broiler litter need close monitoring . Feedstuffs , 64 ( 42 ) : 14 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Statistical Analysis System . 1995 . SAS User's Guide: Statistics, , Version 5 edn. , Cary, NC : SAS Institute, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Van Keulen , J. and Young , B. A. 1977 . Evaluation of acid-insoluble ash as a natural marker in ruminant digestibility studies J . Anim. Sci. , 44 : 282 – 287 .
   Google Scholar
• Van Soest , P. J. 1982 . Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant , 75 – 94 . Corvallis, OR : O & B Books .
   Google Scholar
• Willms , C. L. , Berger , L. L. , Merchen , N. R. and Fahey , G. C. Jr. 1991 . Utilization of alkaline hydrogen peroxide-treated wheat straw in cattle growing and finishing diets . J. Anim. Sci. , 69 : 3917 – 3924 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar