998
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

A new era for women? Some reflections on blind spots of ICT-based development projects for women’s entrepreneurship and empowerment

Pages 130-144 | Received 12 Feb 2018, Accepted 27 Jul 2018, Published online: 02 Oct 2018

References

  • Adaman, F., & Bulut, T. (2007). From Diyarbakir to Istanbul 500 million stories of hope. Microcredit adventures. Istanbul: Iletişim.
  • Ahmad, N., & Seymour, R.G. (2008). Defining Entrepreneurial Activity: Definitions Supporting Frameworks for Data Collection. (OECD Statistics Working Paper No. 2008/01), Paris: OECD. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?doclanguage=en&cote=std/doc(2008)1
  • Al Dahdah, M., Desgrées Du Loû, A., & Méadel, C. (2015). Mobile health and maternal care: A winning combination for healthcare in the developing world? Health Policy and Technology, 4, 225–231. doi:10.1016/j.hlpt.2015.04.002
  • Al-Rababah, B.A., & Abu-Shanab, E.A. (2010). E-Government and gender digital divide: the case of Jordan. International Journal of Electronic Business Management, 8, 1–8.
  • Asena, D. (1987). Woman has no name (15th ed.). Istanbul: Afa.
  • Bray, F. (2007). Gender and Technology. Annual Review of Anthropology, 36, 37–53. doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.36.081406.094328
  • Connell, R.W. (2010). Gender in World Perspective. (Polity Short Introductions) (2nd ed.). Cambridge and Malden: Polity.
  • Ecevit, Y. (2007). A critical approach to women's entrepreneurship in Turkey. Ankara: International Labour Organisation. Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/public/turkish/region/eurpro/ankara/publ/turkiyedekadingirisimciligi.pdf
  • Ekinsmyth, C. (2014). Mothers’ business, work/life and the politics of “mumpreneurship”. Gender, Place & Culture, 21, 1230–1248. doi:10.1080/0966369X.2013.817975
  • Elson, D. (1994). Structural adjustment with gender awareness? Indian Journal of Gender Studies, 1, 149–167.
  • Elson, D. (1995). Gender awareness in modeling structural adjustment. World Development, 23, 1851–1868. doi:10.1016/0305-750X(95)00087-S
  • Erman, T., Kalaycioğlu, S., & Rittersberger-Tiliç, H. (2002). Money-earning activities and empowerment experiences of rural migrant women in the city: the case of Turkey. Women’s Studies International Forum, 25, 395–410. doi:10.1016/S0277-5395(02)00277-7
  • E-Entrepreneurs Women Trade Centre (2017). Retrieved from Ewtc.my
  • Girişimcilikte Önce Kadin (2017). Retrieved from http://oncekadin.gov.tr
  • Güney-Frahm, I. (2013a September). Measuring women’s empowerment. A framework for multilevel analysis. Paper presented at the conference of Human Development: Vulnerability, Inclusion And Wellbeing Of The Human Development And Capability Association, Managua. 2013.
  • Güney-Frahm, I. (2013b March). Entrepreneurship and Women’s Empowerment. A Closer Look at their Relationship in the Case of Microcredit-Takers. Paper presented at the Conference Presentation at the Conference ‘Women in Business: Are They Successful in Italy and All Over the World?’ of Planet Finance, Milan.
  • Güney-Frahm, I. (2014). Working housewives on the search for a better life. Women's empowerment through microcredits in Turkey. (Doctoral thesis). Philosophische Fakultät III Humboldt University, Berlin.
  • Güney-Frahm, I. (2015 July). Women’s entrepreneurship as a measure of service delivery. Paper delivered at the conference of the International Association of Schools and Institutes of Administration, Paris, France.
  • Güney-Frahm, I. (2016). Who is supporting whom? A Critical Assessment of Mainstream Approaches to Female Entrepreneurship. (Discussion Paper 31), Berlin: Harriet Taylor Mill Institute.
  • Güney-Frahm, I. (Forthcoming). Different Views, Different Analytical Levels. A suggestion for measurement of women’s empowerment. New Delhi: Satyam Law International.
  • Hafkin, N. (2002). Gender Issues in ICT Policy in Developing Countries. An Overview Prepared for the Expert Group Meeting of United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW) on Information and communication technologies and their impact on and use as an instrument for the advancement and empowerment of women Seoul, Republic of Korea, 11 to 14 November 2002. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/egm/ict2002/reports/Paper-NHafkin.PDF
  • Hilbert, M. (2011). Digital gender divide or technologically empowered women in developing countries? A typical case of lies, damned lies, and statistics. Women's Studies International Forum, 34, 479–489. doi:10.1016/j.wsif.2011.07.001
  • ICT4Democracy (2017). Promoting Human Rights and democracy through ICT. Kenya Uganda Tanzania. Retrieved from http://ict4democracy.org/about/partnerproject-briefs/wougnet/
  • Intaratat, K. (2016). Women homeworkers in Thailand's digital economy. Journal of International Women's Studies, 18, 87–103.
  • Intel (2012). Women and the Web Bridging the Internet gap and creating new global opportunities in low and middle-income countries. Retrieved from https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/pdf/women-and-the-web.pdf
  • International Telecommunication Union (2017). Gender Equality and the empowerment of women and girls through ICTs. Geneva: International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved from http://www.itu.int/en/action/gender-equality/Pages/default.aspx
  • Joseph, M. (2013). Critical theory for women empowerment through ICT studies. Qualitative Research Journal, 13, 163–177. doi:10.1108/QRJ-01-2013-0002
  • Kabeer, N. (2008). Mainstreaming Gender in Social Protection for the Informal Economy. (New Gender Mainstreaming Series on Development Issues). London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
  • Kandiyoti, D.A., & Kandiyoti, D. (1987). Emancipated but Unliberated? Reflections on the Turkish Case. Feminist Studies, 13, 317–338. doi:10.2307/3177804
  • Kandiyoti, D. (1988). Bargaining with Patriarchy. Gender and Society, 2, 274–290. doi:10.1177/089124388002003004
  • Keleher, L.W. (2007). Empowerment and International Development. (Doctoral thesis) The Faculty of the Graduate School, University of Maryland, Maryland.
  • King, E., & Evenson, R.E. (1983). Time allocation and home production in philippine rural households. In M. Buvinić, M. A. Lycette & P. William (Eds.), Women and poverty in the third world. (The Johns Hopkins studies in development) (pp. 35–61). Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Luttrell, C., Quiroz, S., Scrutton, C., & Bird, K. (2009). Understanding and operationalising empowerment. ODI Working Paper 308, November 2009, London: Overseas Development Institute. Retrieved from http://www.odi.org.uk/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/5500.pdf
  • Martin, L.M., & Wright, L.T. (2005). No gender in cyberspace?: Empowering entrepreneurship and innovation in female‐run ICT small firms. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 11, 162–178. doi:10.1108/13552550510590563
  • Maier, S., and Nair-Reichert, U. (2007). Empowering women through ICT-based business initiatives: an overview of best practices in e-commerce/e-retailing projects. Information Technologies and Development, 4, 43–60.
  • Martínez-Fernández, A., Lobos-Medina, I., Díaz-Molina, C.A., Chen-Cruz, M.F., & Prieto-Egido, I. (2015). TulaSalud: An m-health system for maternal and infant mortality reduction in Guatemala. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 21, 283–291. doi:10.1177/1357633X15575830
  • Mayoux, L. (1999). Questioning virtuous spirals: microfinance and women’s empowerment in Africa. Journal of International Development, 11, 957–984. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1328(199911/12)11:7<957::AID-JID623>3.0.CO;2-#
  • Mies, M. (2012). The Lace Makers of Narsapur. Indian Housewives Produce for the World Market. Melbourne: Spinifex. (Original: 1982).
  • Milek, A., Stork, C., & Gillwald, A. (2011). Engendering communication: a perspective on ICT access and usage in Africa. Info, 13, 125–141. doi:10.1108/14636691111131493
  • Mohanty, C.T. (2003). Feminism without Borders. Decolonizing Theory, Practicing Solidarity. Durham and London: Duke University Press.
  • Moser, C.O.N. (1993). Gender Planning and Development. Theory, Practice & Training. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Motilewa, B.D., Onakoya, O.A., & Oke, A.O. (2015). ICT and gender specific challenges faced by female entrepreneurs in Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 6, 97–105.
  • Pem Consult (2017). Continuing the ICT literacy training for armenian women entrepreneurs. Retrieved from https://www.pem-consult.de/news/continuing-the-ict-literacy-training-for-armenian-women-entrepreneurs.html
  • Razak, N.A., & Pisal, F.N.A. (2016). Development of Muslim women social entrepreneurs: Towards digital economy. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law, 9, 52–57.
  • Robeyns, I. (2003). Sen’s Capability Approach and Gender Inequality: Selecting Relevant Capabilities. Feminist Economics, 9, 61–92. doi:10.1080/1354570022000078024
  • Robeyns, I. (2005). The Capability Approach: a theoretical survey. Journal of Human Development, 6, 93–117. doi:10.1080/146498805200034266
  • Sandys, E. (2005). Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women through ICT. New York: United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/public/w2000-09.05-ict-e.pdf
  • Sen, A. (2001). Development as Freedom. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Thas, A.M.K., Ramilo, C.G., & Cinco, C. (2007). Gender and ICT. New York: UNDP. Retrieved from http://www.unapcict.org/ecohub/resources/gender-and-ict
  • The Earth Institute of Columbia University & Ericsson (2016). How information and communications technology can accelerate action on the sustainable development goals, ICTs & SDGs. Retrieved from https://www.ericsson.com/res/docs/2016/ict-sdg.pdf
  • Törenli, N. (2005). From virtual to local realities: Access to ICT and women advocacy networks in Turkey. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology, 4, 169–196. doi:10.1163/1569150054738970
  • Törenli, N. (2010). The potential of ICT to generate ‘solidaristic’ practices among women home-based workers in Turkey. New Technology, Work and Employment, 25, 49–62. doi:10.1111/j.1468-005X.2009.00238.x
  • United Nations (2010). Why are ICTs important for Civil Society Organizations? New York: United Nations. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/ngo/docs/2010/directory/ictcso.pdf
  • UNCTAD (Unıted Natıons Conference on Trade and Development) (2014). Empowering women entrepreneurs through information and communications technologies. A practical guide. New York and Geneva: Unctad Current Studies on Science, Technology and Innovation 9. Retrieved from http://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/dtlstict2013d2_en.pdf
  • UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) (n.d.). United Nations Development Programme Turkey. http://www.tr.undp.org/content/dam/turkey/docs/Publications/corporate/english.pdf?download
  • UNDP (1999). Entrepreneurship Development. Synthesis of Lessons Learned Evaluation Office No. 2, December 1999. New York: UNDP. Retrieved from http://web.undp.org/evaluation/documents/Essentials-on-entrepreneurship.pdf
  • UNDP (2017a). Gender Inequality Index (GII). New York: UNDP. Retrieved from http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/gender-inequality-index-gii
  • UNDP (2017b). Sustainable Development Goals, Goal 5: Gender Equality. New York: UNDP. Retrieved from http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-5-gender-equality/targets/
  • UNDP (2017c). Our Projects, Uzbekistan, E-Governance Promotion. New York: UNDP. Retrieved from http://open.undp.org/#project/00078179
  • White, J. (1991). Women and work in Istanbul: linking the urban poor to the world market. Middle East Report, 173, 18–22. doi:10.2307/3012626
  • White, J. (2004). Money makes us relatives. Women’s labor in urban Turkey (2nd ed.). New York and London: Routledge.
  • Wichterich, C. (2003). Femme global. Globalization is not gender neutral. (AttacBasisTexte 7). Hamburg: VSA.
  • Yusuf-Khalil, Y., Bozalek, V., Staking, K., Tuval-Mashiach, R., & Bantebya-Kyomuhendo, G. (2007). Reflections on a collaborative experience: Using ICT in a trans-cultural women's health module Agenda, Empowering Women for Gender Equity, 71, 54–65.
  • Yeasmin, S., Rahman, M., & Murthy, C.R.K. (2012). Gender analysis of selected ICT based learning materials of the continuing education run by NGOS in Bangladesh. Journal of Research in Gender Studies, 2, 64–68.
  • Yunus, M., & Jolis, A. (2007). Banker to the poor: Micro-Lending and the battle against world poverty. (2nd ed.). Bergisch Gladbach: Bastei Lübbe.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.