56
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Blessed Thistle Growth, Essential Oil Content, Yield and Composition as Influenced by Plant Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer

, , , &
Pages 276-291 | Received 04 Feb 2020, Accepted 18 Mar 2020, Published online: 28 May 2020

References

  • Szabó, I., Pallag, A. and Blidar, C.F. (2009). The antimicrobial activity of the Cnicus benedictus L. extracts. Analele Universitatii din Oradea, Fascicula Biologie. 16: 126-128.
  • Can, Z., Balta, N., Keskin, S., Oktay, Y. and Sevgi, K. (2017). Properties of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and phenolic profiles of ªevketi Bostan (Cnicus benedictus L.) Cultivated in Aegean region from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology. 5: 308–314. doi: 10.24925/turjaf.v5i4.308-314.1054
  • Horn, G., Kupfer, A., Rademacher, A., Kluge, H., Kalbitz, J. and Eißner, H. (2015). Cnicus benedictus as a potential low input oil crop.J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 117: 561–566. doi: 10.1002/ejlt.201400158
  • Mabona, U. and Van Vuuren, S.F. (2013). Southern African medicinal plants used to treat skin diseases.Afr. J. Biotechnol. 87: 175–193.
  • Bachelier, A., Mayer, R. and Klein, C.D. (2006). Sesquiterpene lactones are potent and irreversible inhibitors of the antibacterial target enzyme MurA. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 16(21): 5605–5609. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.08.021
  • Paun, G., Neagu, E., Moroeanu, V., Albu, C., Savin, S. and Lucian Radu, G. (2019). Chemical and Bioactivity Evaluation of Eryngium planum and Cnicus benedictus Polyphenolic-Rich Extracts. Biomed. Res. Int. 2019.
  • El Gendy, A.G., El Gohary, A.E., Omer, E.A., Hendawy, S.F., Hussein, M.S., Petrova, V. and Stancheva, I. (2015). Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on herbage and oil yield of chervil plant (Anthriscus cerefolium L.). Ind. Crop Prod. 69: 167–174. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.02.023
  • Ardalani, H., Hadipanah, A., Pazoki, A. and Zolfaghar, M. (2017). Phytochemical, morphological and yield responses of Mentha canadensis to organic and nitrogen fertilizers. J. Essent. Oil Bearing Plants. 20(3): 752–757. doi: 10.1080/0972060X.2017.1322005
  • Chrysargyris, A., Panayiotou, C. and Tzortzakis, N. (2016). Nitrogen and phosphorus levels affected plant growth, essential oil composition and antioxidant status of lavender plant (Lavandula angustifolia Mill .). Ind. Crop Prod. 83: 577–586. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.12.067
  • Rashmi, and Singh, S.B. (2008). Studying the effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on growth and essential oil content of Cymbopogon citratus and Vetiveria zizanioides.J. Essent. Oil Bearing Plants. 11(2): 188–193. doi: 10.1080/0972060X.2008.10643618
  • Madandoust, M. and Fooladchang, M. (2018). Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Essential Oil Content and its Compositions in Anethum graveolens L. J. Essent. Oil Bearing Plants. 21(5): 1266-1271. doi: 10.1080/0972060X.2018.1544934
  • Cai, Z.Q., Wang, W.H., Yang, J. and Cai, C.T. (2009). Growth, photosynthesis and root reserpine concentrations of two Rauvolfia species in response to a light gradient. Ind. Crop Prod. 30: 220–226. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.03.010
  • Singh, R.D., Meena, R.L., Singh, M.K., Kaul, V.K., Lal, B., Acharya, R. and Prasad, R. (2006). Effect of manure and plant spacing on crop growth, yield and oil-quality of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. in mid hill of western Himalaya. Ind. Crop Prod. 24: 105–112. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2005.06.006
  • Chauhan, N.K., Semwal, M.P., Singh, D., Singh, B. and Rauthan, S. (2017). Influence of various plant spacing on growth, herbage yield, essential oil yield and aroma content of palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii Roxb.) at different harvest under agro-climatic condition of Doon valley. J. Essent. Oil Bearing Plants. 20(6): 1587–1593. doi: 10.1080/0972060X.2017.1421103
  • Francescangeli, N. and Sangiacomo, M.A. (2006). Effects of plant density in broccoli on yield and radiation use efficiency. Sci. Hortic. 110: 135-143. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2006.06.025
  • Rahmati, M., Azizi, M., Khayyat, M. H., Nemati, H. and Asili, J. (2011). Yield and oil constituents of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) flowers depending on nitrogen application, plant density and climate conditions. J. Essent. Oil Bearing Plants. 14(6): 731–741. doi: 10.1080/0972060X.2011.10643996
  • Lancashire, P.D., Bleiholder, H., Boom, T.V.D., Langelüddeke, P., Stauss, R., Weber, E. and Witzenberger, A. (1991). A uniform decimal code for growth stages of crops and weeds. Ann. Appl. Biol. 119: 561–601. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7348.1991.tb04895.x
  • Goudriaan, J. and Van Laar, H.H. (1994). Modelling Potential Crop Growth Processes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Amesterdam. 239.
  • British Pharmacopoeia. (1988). HMSO London, PP .2, A137-A138.
  • Adams, R.P. (2007). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. 4theds. Allured Publ. Corp, Carol Stream, Illinois.
  • SAS Institute Inc. (2009). The SAS System for Windows. Release 9.2. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute, Cary, NC, USA.
  • Moosavi, G., Seghatoleslami, M., Ebrahimi, A., Fazeli, M. and Jouban, Z. (2013). The effect of nitrogen rate and plant density on morphological traits and essential oil yield of coriander. J. Ornament. Hortic Plants. 3(2): 95–103.
  • Kizil, S. (2002). The effects of different seed rates of selected coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) lines on yield, yield components and essential oil rate. Turk. J. Field. Crops. 7: 99–105.
  • Larbat, R., Olsen, K.M., Slimestad, R., Løvdal, T., Bénard, C., Verheul, M., Bourgaud, F., Robin, C. and Lillo, C. (2012). Influence of repeated short-term nitrogen limitations on leaf phenolics metabolism in tomato. Phytochemistry. 77: 119–128. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.02.004
  • De-yang, S.H.I., Yan-hong, L.I., Ji-wang, Z., Peng, L.I.U., Bin, Z. and Shu-ting, D. (2016). Increased plant density and reduced N rate lead to more grain yield and higher resource utilization in summer maize. J. Integr. Agric. 15: 2515–2528. doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61355-2
  • López-Bellido, F.J., Lopez-Bellido, L.O. and López-Bellido, R.J. (2005). Competition, growth and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Eur. J. Agron. 23(4):  359-378. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2005.02.002
  • Ilkaee, M.N., Moradi, R., Mansouri, H., Ghorbani, S. and Paknajad, F. (2017). Effect of abiotic environmental factors on growth and essential oil characteristics of Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. J. Essent. Oil Bearing Plants. 20(3): 729–743. doi: 10.1080/0972060X.2017.1358672
  • Dobravalskytë, D., Venskutonis, P.R., Zebib, B., Merah, O. and Talou, T. (2013). Essential oil composition of Myrrhis odorata (L.) Scop. leaves grown in Lithuania and France. J. Essent. Oil Res. 25: 44–48. doi: 10.1080/10412905.2012.744703
  • Baranauskienë, R., Venskutonis, P.R., Viškelis, P. and Dambrauskienë, E. (2003). Influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and composition of thyme (Thymus vulgaris). J. Agric. Food Chem. 51:7751-7758. doi: 10.1021/jf0303316
  • Martins, F.T., Santos, M.H., Polo, M. and Barbosa, L.C.A. (2007). Effects of the interactions among macronutrients, plant age and photoperiod in the composition of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit essential oil from Alfenas (MG). Brazil. Flavour Fragr. J. 22: 123–129. doi: 10.1002/ffj.1769
  • Azizi, A., Yan, F. and Honermeier, B. (2009). Herbage yield, essential oil content and composition of three oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) populations as affected by soil moisture regimes and nitrogen supply. Ind. Crop Prod. 29: 554–561. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.11.001
  • Hamilton, J.G., Arthur, R. and Delucia, E.H. (2001). The carbon-nutrient balance hypothesis: its rise and fall. Ecol. Lett. 4(1): 86–95. doi: 10.1046/j.1461-0248.2001.00192.x
  • Singh, M., Ganesha Rao, R. S. and Ramesh, S. (2007). Effects of N and K on growth, herbage, oil yield and nutrient uptake patterns in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) under semi-arid tropical conditions. J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 82(3): 414–419. doi: 10.1080/14620316.2007.11512252
  • Kozera, W., Majcherczak, E., Barczak, B., Knapowski, T., Wszelaczynska, E. and Poberezny, J. (2015). Response of the yield and mineral composition of garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) herbage to various NPK proportions. J. Elem. 20(4): 921–931.
  • Asgarpanah, J. and Kazemivash, N. (2013). Phytochemistry, pharmacology and medicinal properties of Carthamus tinctorius L. Chin. J. Integr Med. 19: 53–159. doi: 10.1007/s11655-013-1354-5
  • Yaglioglu, A.S. and Demirtas, I. (2015). Comparative essential oil composition of flowers, leaves, and stems of Centaurea polypodiifolia var. polypodiifolia. Chem. Nat. Compd. 51: 982–984. doi: 10.1007/s10600-015-1470-x
  • Kotan, R., Cakir, A., Dadasoglu, F., Aydin, T., Cakmakci, R., Ozer, H., Kordali, S., Mete, E. and Dikbas, N. (2010). Antibacterial activities of essential oils and extracts of Turkish Achillea, Satureja and Thymus species against plant pathogenic bacteria. J. Sci. Food Agric. 90: 145–160. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3799
  • Boussaada, O., Saidana, D., Chriaa, J., Chraif, I., Ammar, Mahjoub, M.A. and Helal, A.N. (2008). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of volatile components of Scorzonera undulata. J. Essent. Oil Res. 20(4): 358–362. doi: 10.1080/10412905.2008.9700030
  • Karamanos, A.J. and Sotiropoulou, D.E.K. (2013). Field studies of nitrogen application on Greek oregano (Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum (Link) Ietswaart) essential oil during two cultivation seasons. Ind. Crop. Prod. 46: 246–252. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.01.021
  • Omidbaigi, R., Hassani, S. and Esmailan, K.S. (2005). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and plant density on the essential oil content and composition of Tanacetum Parthenium CV. Zardband. J. Essent. Oil Bearing Plants. 8(3): 268–274. doi: 10.1080/0972060X.2005.10662138
  • Schirmer, A., Rude, M.A., Li, X., Popova, E. and Del Cardayre, S.B. (2010). Microbial biosynthesis of alkanes. Science. 329: 559–562. doi: 10.1126/science.1187936

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.