Chemical Composition, in vitro Antibacterial Activity and Corrosion Inhibition of Essential Oil and Hydrolat Extract from Aerial Parts of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav Harvested at Northern Morocco

References

• Hazzit, M., Baaliouamer, A., Veríssimo, A.R., Faleiro, M.L. and Miguel, M.G. (2009). Chemical composition and biological activities of Algerian Thymus oils. Food Chem. 116(3): 714–721. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.03.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, R.R. (1997). In-vitro activities of five plant essential oils against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 40(2): 305–306. doi: 10.1093/jac/40.2.305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chao, S.C., young, D.G. and Oberg, C.J. (2000). Screening for inhibitory activity of essential oils on selected bacteria, fungi and viruses. J. Essent. Oil Res. 12(5): 639–49. doi: 10.1080/10412905.2000.9712177
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Figueiredo, A.C., Barroso, J.G., Pedro, L.G., Salgueiro, L., Miguel, M.G. and Faleiro, M.L. (2008). Portuguese Thymbra and Thymus species volatiles: chemical composition and biological activities. Curr. Pharm. Des. 14 (29): 3120–3140. doi: 10.2174/138161208786404218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballester-Costa, C., Sendra, E., Fernández-López, J., Pérez-Álvarez, J.A. and Viuda-Martos, M. (2013). Chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial properties of essential oils of four Thymus species from organic growth. Ind. Crops Prod. 50: 304–311. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.07.052
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballester-Costa, C., Sendra, E., Fernández-López, J., Pérez-Álvarez, J.A. and Viuda-Martos, M. (2017). Assessment of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties on Meat Homogenates of essential oils obtained from four Thymus species achieved from organic growth. Foods. 6(8): 59. doi: 10.3390/foods6080059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bounatirou, S., Smiti, S., Miguel, M.G., Faleiro, L., Rejeb, M.N., Neffati, M., Costa, M.M., Figueiredo, A.C., Barroso, J.G. and Pedro, L.G. (2007). Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the essential oils isolated from Tunisian Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link. Food Chem. J. 105(1): 146–155. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.03.059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gagliano Candela, R., Maggi, F., Lazzara, G., Rosselli, S. and Bruno, M. (2019). The essential Oil of Thymbra capitata and its application as a biocide on stone and derived surfaces. Plants. 8(9): 300. doi: 10.3390/plants8090300
   Google Scholar
• Ben Miri, Y. and Djenane, D. (2019). Antifungal, anti-aflatoxigenic, antioxidant activity and in vivo efficacy of essential oil of the aerial parts of Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffmanns & Link. Phytothérapie. 17(6): 299–309. doi: 10.3166/phyto-2018-0032
   Google Scholar
• Saoud, I., Hamrouni, L., Gargouri, S., Amri, I., Hanana, M., Fezzani, T., Bouzid, S. and Jamoussi, B. (2013). Chemical composition, weed killer and antifungal activities of Tunisian thyme (Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link.) essential oils. Acta Aliment. 42(3): 417–427. doi: 10.1556/AAlim.42.2013.3.15
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miguel, M.G., Gago, C., Antunes, M.D., Megías, C., Cortés-Giraldo, I., Vioque, J., Sofia Lima, A. and Figueiredo, A.C. (2015). Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of the essential oils from Thymbra capitata and Thymus species grown in Portugal. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med. 2015. http://doi.org/10.1155/2015/851721
   Google Scholar
• Al-Mustafa, A.H. and Al-Thunibat, O.Y. (2008). Antioxidant activity of some Jordanian medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of diabetes. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 11: 351–358. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2008.351.358
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kandil, O., Radwan, N.M., Hassan, A.B., Amer, A.M., El-Banna, H.A. and Amer, W.M. (1994). Extracts and fractions of Thymus capitatus exhibit antimicrobial activities. J. Ethnopharmacol. 44(1): 19–24. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(94)90094-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qaralleh, H.N., Abboud, M.M., Khleifat, K.M., Tarawneh, K.A. and Althunibat, O.Y. (2009). Antibacterial Activity in vitro of Thymus capitatus from Jordan. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci. 22 (3): 247–251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catty, S. (2001). Hydrosols: The next aromatherapy. Healing Arts Press. Rochester. P 290.
   Google Scholar
• Price, L. and Price, S. (2004). Understanding hydrolats: The specific hydrosols for aromatherapy. First edit. Churchill Livingstone, p. 294.
   Google Scholar
• Ouknin, M., Romane, A., Costa, J., Ponthiaux, P. and Majidi, L. (2018). Anticorrosion properties of Thymus munbyanus Boiss & Reut essential oil for mild steel in 1M HCl, Mor. J. Chem. 6(3): 557–568.
   Google Scholar
• Salhi, A., Bouyanzer, A., El Mounsi, I., Bendaha, H., Hamdani, I., El Ouariachi, E., Chetouani, A., Chahboun, N., Hammouti, B., Desjobert, J.M. and Costa, J. (2016). Chemical composition, antioxidant and anticorrosive activities of Thymus algeriensis. J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 7(11): 3949–3960.
   Google Scholar
• Khadraoui, A., Khelifa, A., Hachama, K. and Mehdaoui, R. (2016). Thymus algeriensis extract as a new eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for 2024 aluminium alloy in 1 M HCl medium. J. Mol. Liq. 214: 293–297. doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.12.064
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamdani, I., Ouariachi, E.E., Mokhtari, O., Salhi, A., Chahboun, N., El Mahi, B., Bouyanzer, A., Zarrouk, A., Hammouti, B. and Costa, J. (2015). Chemical constituents and corrosion inhibition of mild steel by the essential oil of Thymus algeriensis in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution. Der. Pharma. Chemica. 7(8): 252–264.
   Google Scholar
• Jeannot, V., Chahboun, J., Russel, D. and Casabianca, H. (2003). Origanum compactum Bentham: composition of the hydrolat aromatic fraction, comparison with the essential oil and its interest in aromatherapy. Int. J. Aromather. 13(2): 90–94. doi: 10.1016/S0962-4562(03)00076-6
   Google Scholar
• Van Den Dool, H. and Kratz, P.D. (1963). A generalization of the retention index system including linear temperature programmed gas-liquid partition chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A. 11: 463–471. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)80947-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams, R.P. (2007). Identification of essential oil components by gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, 4th edit., Allured Pub., Carol Stream, IL, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Bouhdid, S., Skali, S.N., Idaomar, M., Zhiri, A., Baudoux, D., Amensour, M. and Abrini, J. (2008). Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Origanum compactum essential oil. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 7(10): 1563–1570.
   Google Scholar
• Lucio-Garcia, M.A., Gonzalez-Rodriguez, J.G., Casales, M., Martinez, L., Chacon-Nava, J.G., Neri-Flores, M.A. and Martinez-Villafañe, A. (2009). Effect of heat treatment on H2S corrosion of a micro-alloyed C-Mn steel. Corros. Sci. 51(10): 2380–2386. doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2009.06.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonçer, Ö. and Kizil, S. (2005). Determination of yield and yield components in wild thyme (Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata) as influenced by development stages. Hort. Sci. (Prague). 32(3): 100–103. doi: 10.17221/3773-HORTSCI
   Google Scholar
• Tammar, S., Salem, N., Bettaieb Rebey, I., Sriti, J., Hammami, M., Khammassi, S., Marzouk, B., Ksouri, R. and Msaada, K. (2019). Regional effect on essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Thymus capitatus L. J. Essent. Oil Res. 31(2): 129–137. doi: 10.1080/10412905.2018.1539415
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marin, M., Novakovic, M., Vuckovic, I., Teševic, V., Kolarevic, S. and Vukovic-Gacic, B. (2018). Wild Thymus capitatus Hoff. Et Link. chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil. J. Essent. Oil-Bear. Plants. 21(2): 388–399. doi: 10.1080/0972060X.2018.1449668
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabti, L., Dib, M.E.A., Djabou, N., Benyelles, N.G., Paolini, J., Costa, J. and Muselli, A. (2014). Control of fungal pathogens of Citrus sinensis L. by essential oil and hydrosol of Thymus capitatus L. J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual. 87: 279–285.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moukhles, A., Ibn Mansour, A., Ellaghdach, A. and Abrini, J. (2018). Chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activity of the pure essential oils and essential oils extracted from their corresponding hydrolats from different wild varieties of Moroccan thyme. J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 9(1): 235–244.
   Google Scholar
• Gilles, M., Zhao, J., An, M. and Agboola, S. (2010). Chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils of three Australian Eucalyptus species. Food Chem. 119(2): 731–737. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.07.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wan, J., Wilcock, A. and Coventry, M.J. (1998). The effect of essential oils of basil on the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens. J. Appl. Microbiol. 84(2): 152–158. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1998.00338.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inouye, S., Yamaguchi, H. and Takizawa, T. (2001). Screening of the antibacterial effects of a variety of essential oils on respiratory tract pathogens, using a modified dilution assay method. J. Infect. Chemother. 7(4): 251–254. doi: 10.1007/s101560170022
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Angienda, P.O., Onyango, D.M. and Hill, D.J. (2010). Potential application of plant essential oils at sub-lethal concentrations under extrinsic conditions that enhance their antimicrobial effectiveness against pathogenic bacteria. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 4(16): 1678–1684.
   Google Scholar
• Carovie-Stanko, K., Orlie, S., Politeo, O., Strikie, F., Kolak, I., Milos, M. and Satovic, Z. (2010). Composition and antibacterial activities of essential oils of seven Ocimum taxa. Food Chem. 119(1): 196–201. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.06.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djenane, D., Yangüela, J., Montañés, L., Djerbal, M. and Roncalés, P. (2011). Antimicrobial activity of Pistacia lentiscus and Satureja montana essential oils against Listeria monocytogenes CECT 935 using laboratory media: efficacy and synergistic potential in minced beef. Food Control. 22(7): 1046–1053. doi: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.12.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senatore F. (1996). Influence of harvesting time on yield and composition of the essential oil of a thyme (Thymus pulegioides L.) growing wild in Campania (Southern Italy). J. Agric. Food Chem. 44(5): 1327–1332. doi: 10.1021/jf950508z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sotomayor, J.A., Martínez, R.M., García, A.J. and Jordán, M.J. (2004). Thymus zygis subsp. gracilis: watering level effect on phytomass production and essential oil quality. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52(17): 5418–5424. doi: 10.1021/jf0496245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds, J.E.F. (1993). “Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia,” 30th edit., Pharmaceutical Press, London.
   Google Scholar
• Hoeferl, M., buchbauer, G., Jirovetz, L., Schmidt, E., Stoyanova, A., Denkova, Z., Slavchev, A. and Geissler, M. (2009). Correlation of antimicrobial activities of various essential oils and their main aromatic volatile constituents. J. Essent. Oil Res. 21(5): 459–463. doi: 10.1080/10412905.2009.9700218
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, J., Zhou, F., Ji, B.P., Pei, R.S. and Xu, N. (2008). The antibacterial mechanism of carvacrol and thymol against Escherichia coli. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 47(3): 174–179. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02407.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magi, G. , Marini, E. and Facinelli, B. (2015). Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and carvacrol, and synergy of carvacrol and erythromycin, against clinical, erythromycin-resistant Group A Streptococci. Front. Microbiol. 6: 165. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iten, F., Saller, R., Abel, G. and Reichling, J. (2009). Additive antmicrobial effects of the active components of the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris-Chemotype carvacrol. Planta med. 75 (11): 1231–1236. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1185541
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ultee, A., Bennik, M.H.J. and Moezelaar, R. (2002). The phenolic hydroxyl group of carvacrol is essential for action against the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68(4): 1561–1568. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.4.1561-1568.2002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sivropoulou, A., Papanikolaou, E., Nikolau, C., Kokkini, S., Lanaras, T. and Arsenakis, M. (1996). Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of Origanum essential oils. J. Agric. Food Chem. 44(5): 1202–1205. doi: 10.1021/jf950540t
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trombetta, D., Saija, A., Bisignano, G., Arena, S., Caruso, S., Mazzanti, G., Uccella, N. and Castelli, F. (2002). Study on the mechanisms of the antibacterial action of some plant , -unsaturated aldehydes. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 35(4): 285–290. doi: 10.1046/j.1472-765X.2002.01190.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinto, E., Pina-Vaz, C., Salgueiro, L., Gonçalves, M.J., Costa-de-Oliveira, S., Cavaleiro, C., Palmeira, A., Rodrigues, A. and Martinez-de-Oliveira, J. (2006). Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Thymus pulegioides on Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. J. Med. Microbiol. 55(10): 1367–1373. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.46443-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burt, S. (2004). Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods - a review. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 94(3): 223–253. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.03.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hafidh, R.R., Abdulamir, A.S., Vern, L.S., Bakar, F.A., Abas, F., Jahanshiri, F. and Sekawi, Z. (2011). Inhibition of growth of highly resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens by a natural product. Open Microb. J. 5(1): 96–106. doi: 10.2174/1874285801105010096
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bouklah, M., Benchat, N., Aouniti, A., Hammouti, B., Benkaddour, M., Lagrenée, M., Vezin, H. and Bentiss, F. (2004). Effect of the substitution of an oxygen atom by sulphur in a pyridazinic molecule towards inhibition of corrosion of steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 medium. Prog. Org. Coat. 51(2): 118–124. doi: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2004.06.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdullahi, M., Farzam, M. and Irannejad, A. (2014). A Schiff base compound as effective corrosion inhibitor for Carbon Steel AISI 1018 in NaCl 3.5 % media. Researcher. 6(10): 71–77.
   Google Scholar
• Abed, Y., Kissi, M., Hammouti, B., Taleb, M. and Kertit, S. (2004). Peptidic compound as corrosion inhibitor for Brass in nitric acid solution. Progr. in Org. Coat. 50(2): 144–147. doi: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2004.02.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermas, A.A., Morad, M.S. and Wahdan, M.H. (2004). Effect of PgTPhPBr on the electrochemical and corrosion behaviour of 304 stainless steel in H2SO4 solution. Appl. Electrochem. 34 (1): 95–102. doi: 10.1023/B:JACH.0000005592.68605.55
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, A., Ahamad, I., Yadav, D.K., Singh, V.K. and Quraishi, M.A. (2012). The effect of environmentally benign fruit extract of Shahjan (Moringa oleifera) on the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Chem. Engg. Comm. 199(1): 63–77. doi: 10.1080/00986445.2011.570390
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reis, F.M., De Melo, H.G. and Costa, I. (2006). EIS investigation on Al 5052 alloy surface preparation for self-assembling monolayer. Electrochim. Acta. 51(8–9): 1780–1788. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.02.118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuru, T., Haruyama, S. and Gijutsu, B. (1978). Corrosion inhibition of iron by amphoteric surfactants in 2 M HCl. J. Jpn. Soc. Corros. Eng. 27: 573–581.
   Google Scholar
• Solmaz, R., Kardas, G., Ulha, M.C., Yazýcý, B. and Erbil, M. (2008). Investigation of adsorption and inhibitive effect of 2-mercaptothiazoline on corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid media. Electrochim. Acta. 53(20): 5941–5952. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.03.055
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raja, P.B., Rahim, A.A., Osman, H. and Awang, K. (2011). Inhibitive effect of Xylopia ferruginea extract on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl medium. Int J Min Met Mater. 18(4): 413. doi: 10.1007/s12613-011-0455-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, A., Singh, V.K. and Quraishi, M.A. (2010). Aqueous extract of Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) leaves as green inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Int. J. Corros. 2010. doi: 10.1155/2010/275983.
   Google Scholar
• ElHajjaji, F., Greche, H., Taleb, M., Chetouani, A., Aouniti, A. and Hammouti, B. (2016). Application of essential oil of thyme vulgaris as green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl. J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 7(2): 567–578.
   Google Scholar
• Tazi, S., Raissouni, I., Chaoukat, F., Bouchta, D., Dahdouh, A., Elkhamlichi, R. and Douhri, H. (2016). L’effet inhibiteur d’eugénol sur la corrosion du Laiton dans NaCl 3% (The Inhibition effect of Brass corrosion in NaCl 3 % by Eugenol). J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 7(5): 1642–1652.
   Google Scholar
• Lakshmi, D., Rajendran, S. and Sathiyabama, J. (2016). Corrosion Inhibition by Phenols-An Overview. Int. J. Nano Corr. Sci .and Engg. 3(1): 1–18.
   Google Scholar