Subduction, ophiolite genesis and collision history of Tethys adjacent to the Eurasian continental margin: new evidence from the Eastern Pontides, Turkey

References

• Adamia, S. A., Chkhotua, T., Kekelia, M., Lordkipanidze, M., Shavishvili, I., & Zakariadze, G. (1981). Tectonics of the Caucasus and adjoining regions: Implications for the evolution of the Tethys ocean. Journal of Structural Geology, 3, 437–447.10.1016/0191-8141(81)90043-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aktimur, H. T., Tekirli, M. E., & Yurdakul, M. E. (1990). Geology of the Sivas-Erzincan Tertiary basin. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey, 111, 21–30.
   Google Scholar
• Aktimur, H. T., Yurdakul, M. E., Sarıaslan, M., Göksel, M., Keçer, M., Yıldırım, T., & Akkuş, İ. (1995). Geology of Erzincan region and petrology of Quaternary volcanic rocks. In A. Erler (Ed.), Geology of the Black Sea region (pp. 82–90). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration and Chamber of Geological Engineers.
   Google Scholar
• Aktimur, T., Atalay, Z., Ateş, Ş., Tekirli, M. E., & Yurdakul, M. E. (1988). Munzur Dağları ile Çavuş Dağı Arasının Jeolojisi [Geology of the region between the Munzur and Çavuş Mountains] (Report 301). Ankara: Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey (MTA), p. 102.
   Google Scholar
• Altherr, R., Topuz, G., Siebel, W., Şen, C., Meyer, H. P., Satır, M., & Lahaye, Y. (2008). Geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic characteristics of Paleocene plagioleucitites from the Eastern Pontides (NE Turkey). Lithos, 105, 149–161.10.1016/j.lithos.2008.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrier, E., & Vrielynck, B. (2008). Palaeotectonic map of the Middle East, Atlas of 14 maps, tectonosedimentary-palinspastic maps from Late Norian to Pliocene. Paris: Commission for the Geologic Map of the World (CCMW, CCGM).
   Google Scholar
• Baumgartner, P. O., O’Dogherty, L., Gorican, S., Dumitrica-Jud, R., Dumitrica, P., Pillevuit, A., … Steiger, T. (1995). Radiolarian catalogue and systematics of Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Tethyan genera and species. In P. O. Baumgartner, L. O’Dogherty, S. Gorican, E. Urquhart, A. Pillevuit, & P. DeWever (Eds.), Middle Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous Radiolaria of Tethys: Occurrences, systematics, biochronology (Vol. 23, pp. 37–688). Lausanne: Memoires de Géologie.
   Google Scholar
• Bedi, Y., Yusufoğlu, H., Beyazpirinç, M., Özkan, M. K., Usta, D., & Yıldız, H. (2009). Doğu Toroslar’ın jeodinamik evrimi (Afşin-Elbistan-Göksun-Sarız Dolayı) [Geodynamic evolution of the Eastern Taurides (around Afşin-Elbistan-Göksun-Sarız)] (371 pp.) (Report). General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (General).
   Google Scholar
• Bergougnan, H. (1975). Relations entre les edifices pontique et Taurique dans le Nord-East de l’Anatolie [Relationships between Pontide and Tauride structure in North-East Anatolia]. Bulletin de la Societé Géologique de France, 12, 1045–1057.
   Google Scholar
• Booth, M. G., Robertson, A. H. F., Taslı, K., İnan, N., Ünlügenç, U. C., & Vincent, S. (2013). Two-stage development of the Late Cretaceous to Late Eocene Darende basin: Implications for closure of Neotethys in central eastern Anatolia (Turkey). In A. H. F. Robertson, O. Parlak, & U.-C. Ünlügenç (Eds.), Geological development of Anatolia and the easternmost Mediterranean region (Vol. 372, pp. 385–419). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Bozkuş, C. (1992a). Olur (Erzurum) yöresinin stratigrafisi [Stratigraphy of the Olur (Erzurum) region]. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni [Geological Bulletin of Turkey], 35, 103–119.
   Google Scholar
• Bozkuş, C. (1992b). Oltu-Narman (Erzurum) Tersiyer havzası kuzeydoğusunun (Kömürlü) stratigrafisi [Stratigraphy of the northeastern part of Oltu-Narman (Erzurum) Tertiary basin], Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni [Geological Bulletin of Turkey], 33, 47–56.
   Google Scholar
• Bozkuş, C., & Yılmaz, Ö. (l993). Tercan (Erzincan) ve Aşkale (Erzurum) arasındaki bölgenin tektoniği [Tectonics of the region between Tercan (Erzincan) and Aşkale (Erzurum)]. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni [Geological Bulletin of Turkey], 36, 189–201.
   Google Scholar
• Bragin, N. Y., & Tekin, U. K. (l996). Age of radiolarian-chert blocks from the Senonian ophiolitic melange (Ankara, Turkey). The Island Arc, 5, 114–122.
   Google Scholar
• Çelik, Ö. F., Marzoli, A., Marschik, R., Chiaradia, M., Neubauer, N., & Öz, İ. (2011). Early–middle Jurassic intra-oceanic subduction in the İzmir–Ankara–Erzincan Ocean, northern Turkey. Tectonophysics, 509, 120–134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çolakoğlu, A. O. (2010). Refahiye ofiyolitinin kökeni-KD Erzincan [Origin of Refahiye ophiolite-NE Erzincan] (MSc thesis). Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana. 65 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Danelian, T., Asatryan, G., Sahakyan, L., Galoyan, G., Sosson, M., & Avagyan, A. (2010). New and revised radiolarian biochronology for the sedimentary cover of ophiolites in the Lesser Caucasus (Armenia). In M. Sosson, N. Kaymakci, R. Stephanson, F. Bergarat, & V. Storatchenoko (Eds.), Sedimentary basin tectonics from the Black Sea and Caucasus to the Arabian platform (Vol. 340, pp. 383–391). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Danelian, T., Robertson, A. H. F., Collins, A. S., & Poisson, A. (2006). Biochronology of Jurassic and Early Cretaceous radiolarites from the Lycian Melange (SW Turkey) and implications for the evolution of the Northern Neotethys ocean. In A. H. F. Robertson & D. Mountrakis (Eds.), Tectonic development of the Eastern Mediterranean region (Vol. 260, pp. 229–236). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Dilek, Y., & Thy, P. (2006). Age and petrogenesis of plagiogranite intrusions in the Ankara melange, central Turkey. The Island Arc, 15, 44–57.10.1111/iar.2006.15.issue-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dokuz, A. (2011). A slab detachment and delamination model for the generation of Carboniferous high-potassium I-type magmatism in the eastern Pontides, NE Turkey: The Köse composite pluton. Gondwana Research, 19, 926–944.10.1016/j.gr.2010.09.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dokuz, A., Karslı, O., Chen, B., & Uysal, İ. (2010). Sources and petrogenesis of Jurassic granitoids in the Yusufeli area, Northeastern Turkey: Implications for pre- and post-collisional lithospheric thinning of the eastern Pontides. Tectonophysics, 480, 259–279.10.1016/j.tecto.2009.10.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dumitrica, P., Immenhauser, A., & Dumitrica-Jud, R. (1997). Mesozoic radiolarian biostratigraphy from Masirah Ophiolite, Sultanate of Oman. Part I: Middle Triassic, uppermost Jurassic and lower Cretaceous Spumellarians and multisegmented Nassellarians. Bulletin of the National Museum of Natural Science, 9, 1–106. Taichung, Taiwan.
   Google Scholar
• Erdoğan, T. (1972). Erzurum-Karayazı bölgesinin jeolojisi ve petrol imkanları [Geology of Erzurum–Karayazı region and its petroleum potential] (Report 4845). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA).
   Google Scholar
• Eyüboğlu, Y., Santosh, M., Yi, K., Bektaş, O., & Sanghoon, K. (2013). Discovery of Miocene adakitic dacite from the Eastern Pontides belt (NE Turkey) and a revised geodynamic model for the late Cenozoic evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean region. Lithos, 146, 218–232.
   Google Scholar
• Fenerci, M. (l994). Rudists from the Maden (Bayburt) area (NE Turkey). Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 3, 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Floyd, P. A., Göncüoğlu, M. C., Winchester, J. A., & Yalınız, M. K. (2000). Geochemical character of and tectonic environment of Neotethyan ophiolitic fragments and metabasites in the Central Anatolian crystalline complex, Turkey. In E. Bozkurt, J. A. Winchester, & J. D. A. Piper (Eds.), Tectonics and magmatism in Turkey and the surrounding area (Vol. 173, pp. 183–202). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Galoyan, G., Rolland, Y., Sosson, M., Corsini, M., & Melkonyan, R. (2007). Evidence for superposed MORB, oceanic plateau and volcanic arc series in the Lesser Caucasus (Stepanavan, Armenia). Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 339, 482–492.10.1016/j.crte.2007.06.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galoyan, G. H., Rolland, Y., Sosson, M., Corsini, M., Billo, S., Verati, C., & Melkonyan, R. (2009). Geology, geochemistry and 40Ar/39Ar dating of Sevan ophiolites (Lesser Caucasus, Armenia): Evidence for Jurassic back-arc opening and hot spot event between the South Armenian Block and Eurasia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 34, 135–153.10.1016/j.jseaes.2008.04.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Göncüoğlu, M., Turhan, N., Şentürk, K., Özcan, A., & Uysal, S. (2000). A geotraverse across NW Turkey: Tectonic units of the Central Sakarya region and their tectonic evolution. In E. Bozkurt, J. A. Winchester, & J. D. Piper (Eds.), Tectonics and magmatism in Turkey and the surrounding area, (Vol. 173, pp. 139–162). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Goričan, S., Carter, E. S., Dumitrica, P., Whalen, P. A., Hori, R. S., De Wever, P., … Guex, J. (2006). Catalogue and systematic of Pliensbachian, Toarcian and Aalenian radiolarian genera and species (p. 446). Ljubljana: Založba ZRC.
   Google Scholar
• Göncüoğlu, M. C., Yalınız, M. K., & Tekin, U. K. (2006). Geochemistry, tectono-magmatic discrimination and radiolarian ages of basic extrusives from the İzmir–Ankara suture belt (NW Turkey): Time constraints for the Neotethyan evolution. Ofioliti, 31, 25–38.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goričan, Š., Carter, E. S., Guex, J., O’Dogherty, L., De Wever, P., Dumitrica, P., Matsuoka, P. A. (2013). Evolutionary patterns and palaeobiogeography of Pliensbachian and Toarcian (Early Jurassic) Radiolaria. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 386, 620–636.10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.06.028
   Google Scholar
• Görür, N., Oktay, F. Y., Seymen, I., & Şengör, A. M. C. (1998). Triassic to Miocene Palaeographic Atlas of Turkey. İstanbul: Istanbul Technical University.
   Google Scholar
• Gradstein, F. M., Ogg, J. G., & Smith, A. G. (2004). A geological time scale. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hakyemez, H. Y., & Konak, N. (1996). Tectonic evolution and stratigraphy of Eocene basins in the easternmost part of the Pontides. In A. S. Derman, F. Toksoy, & E. Yılmaz (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on the Petroleum Geology and Hydrocarbon Potential of the Black Sea Area (Vol. 4, pp. 19–25). Ankara: Turkish Association of Petroleum Geologists, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Haq, B. U., Hardenbol, J., & Vail, P. R. (1987). Chronology of fluctuating sea levels since the Triassic. Science, 235, 1156–1167.10.1126/science.235.4793.1156
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hässig, M., Rolland, Y., Sosson, M., Galoyan, G., Müller, C., Avagyan, A., & Sahakyan, L. (2013). New structural and petrological data on the Amasia ophiolites (NW Sevan–Akera suture zone, Lesser Caucasus): Insights for a large-scale obduction in Armenia and NE Turkey. Tectonophysics, 588, 135–153.10.1016/j.tecto.2012.12.003
   Google Scholar
• Hess, J. C., Aretz, J., Gurbanov, A. G., Emmermann, R., & Lippolt, H. J. (1995). Subduction-related Jurassic andesites in the northern Great Caucasus. Geologische Rundschau, 84, 319–333.10.1007/s005310050008
   Google Scholar
• Jud, R. (1994). Biochronology and systematics of Early Cretaceous Radiolaria of the Western Tethys (Vol. 19, 1–147). Lausanne: Mémoires de Géologie.
   Google Scholar
• Keskin, M., Genç, Ş. C., & Tüysüz, O. (2008). Petrology and geochemistry of post-collisional Middle Eocene volcanic units in North-Central Turkey: Evidence for magma generation by slab breakoff following the closure of the Northern Neotethys Ocean. Lithos, 104, 267–305.10.1016/j.lithos.2007.12.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keskin, M., Pearce, J. A., Kempton, P. D., & Greenwood, P. (2006). Magma-crust interactions and magma plumbing in a post-collision setting: Geochemical evidence from the Erzurum-Kars Volcanic Plateau, Eastern Turkey. In Y. Dilek, & S. Pavlides (Eds.), Special Paper 409: Postcollisional Tectonics and Magmatism in the Mediterranean Region and Asia (Vol. 409, pp. 475–505). Denver, CO: Geological Society of America Special Paper.10.1130/0-8137-2409-0
   Google Scholar
• Koçyiğit, A., & Altıner, D. (2002). Tectonostratigraphic evolution of the North Anatolian paleorift (NAPR): Hettangian–Aptian passive continental margin of the northern Neo-Tethys, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 11, 169–191.
   Google Scholar
• Kolaylı, H. (1996). Kop Dağları (Erzincan-Erzurum-Bayburt) ultramafic ve mafik kayaçların jeolojik, petrolojik ve metalojik incelemesi [Geologic, petrologic and metallogenic investigations of the ultramafic and mafic rocks in the Kop Mountains (Erzincan, Erzurum, Bayburt)] (Unpublished PhD thesis) (282 pp). Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Black Sea Technical University.
   Google Scholar
• Konak, N., & Hakyemez, H. Y. (2008a). 1/100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji haritaları serisi, Kars-G48 paftası [1/100.000 scale Turkish geology map series, Kars-G48 sheet ] (Vol. 104, 69 pp.). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Geology Department.
   Google Scholar
• Konak, N., & Hakyemez, H. Y. (2008b). 1/100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji haritaları serisi, Tortum-H47 paftası [1/100.000 scale Turkish geology map series, Tortum-H47 sheet] (Vol. 95, 46 pp.). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Geology Department.
   Google Scholar
• Konak, N., Hakyemez, H. Y., Bilgiç, T., Bilgin, R., Hepşen, N., & Ercan, T. (2001). Kuzeydoğu Pontidlerin (Oltu-Olur-Şenkaya-Narman-Uzundere-Yusufeli) Jeolojisi [Geology of northeast Pontides (Oltu-Olur-Şenkaya-Narman-Uzundere-Yusufeli)] (Report 10489). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA).
   Google Scholar
• Konak, N., & Sümengen, M. (2009). 1/100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji haritaları serisi, Kars-H48 paftası [1/100.000 scale Turkish geology map series, Kars-H48 sheet] (Vol. 106, 23 pp.). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Geology Department.
   Google Scholar
• Korkmaz, S., & Baki, Z. (1984). Demirözü (Bayburt) güneyinin stratigrafisi [Stratigrapy of the south of Demirözü (Bayburt) area]. Geological Bulletin of Turkey, 5, 107–115.
   Google Scholar
• Leggett, J. K., McKerrow, W. S., & Eales, M. H. (1979). The Southern Uplands of Scotland: A lower Palaeozoic accretionary prism. Journal of the Geological Society, 136, 755–770.10.1144/gsjgs.136.6.0755
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, K. G., Kominz, M. A., Browning, J. V., Wright, J. D., Mountaın, G. S., Katz, M. E., & Pekar, S. F. (2005). The Phanerozoic record of global sea-level change. Science, 310, 1293–1298.10.1126/science.1116412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MTA. (2002). 1:500,000 ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji haritası [Geological map of Turkey, 1:500,000]. MadenTektik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü [General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration]. Ankara.
   Google Scholar
• Nikishin, A. M., Korotaev, M. V., Ershov, A. V., & Brunet, M. F. (2003). The Black Sea basin: Tectonic history and Neogene–Quaternary rapid subsidence modelling. Sedimentary Geology, 156, 149–168.10.1016/S0037-0738(02)00286-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Dogherty, L. (1994). Biochronology and paleontology of mid-Cretaceous radiolarians from Northern Apennines (Italy) and Betic Cordillera (Spain). Mémoires de Géologie (Lausanne), 21, 1–413.
   Google Scholar
• Okay, A. I. (1984). The geology of the Ağvanis metamorphic rocks and neighbouring formations. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey, 99/100, 16–36.
   Google Scholar
• Okay, A. İ., & Leven, E. J. (1996). Stratigraphy and palaeontology of the Upper Palaeozoic sequences in the Pulur (Bayburt) region, Eastern Pontides. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 5, 145–155.
   Google Scholar
• Okay, A. İ., & Şahintürk, Ö. (1997a). Geology of the Eastern Pontides. In A. G. Robınson (Ed.), Regional and petroleum geology of the Black Sea and surrounding region (Vol. 68, pp. 291–311). Houston, TX: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir.
   Google Scholar
• Okay, A. İ., & Şahintürk, Ö. (1997b). Stratigraphy and tectonics of the Pulur (Bayburt) region in the Eastern Pontides. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey, 119, 1–24.
   Google Scholar
• Okay, A. I., Satır, M., & Siebel, W. (2006). Pre-Alpide Palaeozoic and Mesozoic orogenic events in the Eastern Mediterranean region. In D. G. Gee & R. A. Stepherson (Eds.), European lithosphere dynamics (Vol. 32, pp. 389–406). London: Geological Society, Memoirs.
   Google Scholar
• Okay, A. İ., & Tüysüz, O. (1999). Tethyan sutures of northern Turkey. In B. Durand, L. Jolivet, F. Horvath, & M. Seranne (Eds.), The Mediterranean basins: Tertiary extensions within the Alpine Orogen (Vol. 156, pp. 474–515). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Okay, A. İ., Tüysüz, O., Satır, M., Özkan-Altıner, S., Altıner, D., Sherlock, S., & Eren, R. H. (2006). Cretaceous and Triassic subduction-accretion, high-pressure-low-temperature metamorphism, and continental growth in the Central Pontides, Turkey. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 118, 1247–1269.10.1130/B25938.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Önen, P., & Hall, R. (2000). Sub-ophiolite metamorphic rocks from NW Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 18, 483–495.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özer, E., Koç, H., & Özsayar, T. (2004). Stratigraphical evidence for the depression of the northern margin of the Menderes–Tauride Block (Turkey) during the late Cretaceous. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 22, 401–412.
   Google Scholar
• Özgül, N. (1981). Munzur Dağlarının Jeolojisi [Geology of the Munzur Mountains] (Report 6995). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA).
   Google Scholar
• Özgül, N., & Turşucu, A. (1984). Stratigraphy of the Mesozoic carbonate sequence of the Munzur mountains (Eastern Taurides). In O. Tekeli & M. C. Göncüoğlu (Eds.), Geology of the Taurus belt (pp. 173–180). Ankara: Maden Tetkik ve Arama Enstitüsü Dergisi [Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey].
   Google Scholar
• Özgülük, Y., Ustaömer, T., Ustaömer, P. A., & Gerdes, A. (2009). Petology and U/Pb geochronology of the Gökseki Metatrondjhemite (Ağvanis Metamorphics) E. Pontides: Early Lutetian magmatism and subsequent metamorphism and deformation. In Proceedings on the 62nd Geological Congress of Turkey, 13–17 April 2009 (pp. 500–501). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration.
   Google Scholar
• Parlak, O., Çolakoğlu, A., Dönmez, C., Sayak, H., Yıdırım, N., Türkel, A., & Odabaşı, I. (2013). Geochemistry and tectonic setting of ophiolites along the İzmir–Ankara–Erzincan Suture Zone in northeastern Anatolia. In A. H. F. Robertson, O. Parlak, & U.-C. Ünlügenç (Eds.), Geological development of Anatolia and the easternmost Mediterranean (Vol. 372, pp. 75–106). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Parlak, O., Karaoğlan, F., Rızaoğlu, T., Klötzli, U., Koller, F., & Billor, Z. (2013). U–Pb and 40Ar–39Ar geochronology of the ophiolites and granitoids from the Tauride belt: Implications for the evolution of the inner Tauride suture. Journal of Geodynamics, 65, 22–37.10.1016/j.jog.2012.06.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parlak, O., Yılmaz, H., & Boztuğ, D. (2006). Geochemistry and tectonic setting of the metamorphic sole rocks and isolated dykes from the Divriği ophiolite (Sivas, Turkey): Evidence for melt generation within an asthenospheric window prior to ophiolite emplacement. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 15, 25–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearce, J. A. (1996). A users guide to basalt discrimination diagrams. In D. A. Wyman (Ed.), Trace element geochemistry of volcanic rocks: Applications for massive sulphide exploration (Vol. 12, pp. 79–113). Geochemistry, Geological Association of Canada, Short Course Notes, St. John’s, Newfoundland.
   Google Scholar
• Pelin, S. (1981). Berdiga Dağları karbonat şelfinin mikrofasiyes analizi [Microfacies analysis of the carbonate shelf in the Berdiga Mountains]. Bulletin of Black Sea Technical University, Geology, 1, 15–20.
   Google Scholar
• Rice, S. P., Robertson, A. H. F., & Ustaömer, T. (2006). Late Cretaceous–early Ceneozoic tectonic evolution of the Eurasian active margin in the Central and Eastern Pontides, northern Turkey. In A. H. F. Robertson & D. Mountrakis (Eds.), Tectonic development of the Eastern Mediterranean region (Vol. 260, pp. 413–444). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Rice, S. P., Robertson, A. H. F., Ustaömer, T., İnan, N., & Tasli, K. (2009). Late Cretaceous–Early Eocene tectonic development of the Tethyan suture zone in the Erzincan area, Eastern Pontides, Turkey. Geological Magazine, 146, 567–590.10.1017/S0016756809006360
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson, A. H. F., & Dixon, J. E. (1984). Introduction: Aspects of the geological evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean. In J. E. Dixon & A. H. F. Robertson (Eds.), The geological evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean (Vol. 17, pp. 1–74). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, A. H. F., Parlak, O., Metin, Y., Vergili, Ö., Taslı, K., İnan, N., & Soycan, H. (2013). Late Palaeozoic–Cenozoic tectonic development of carbonate platform, margin and oceanic units in the Eastern Taurides, Turkey. In A. H. F. Robertson, O. Parlak, & U.-C. Ünlügenç (Eds.), Geological development of Anatolia and the easternmost Mediterranean (Vol. 372, pp. 167–208). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, A. H. F., Parlak, O., & Ustaömer, T. (2009). Melange genesis and ophiolite emplacement related to subduction of the northern margin of the Tauride–Anatolide continent, central and western. In D. J. J. Hinsbergen, M. A. Edwards, & G. Gowers (Eds.), Collision, collapse at the Africa–Arabia–Eurasia subduction zone (Vol. 311, pp. 9–66). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, A. H. F., Parlak, O., & Ustaomer, T. (2012). Overview of the Palaeozoic–Neogene evolution of Neotethys in the Eastern Mediterranean region (southern Turkey, Cyprus, Syria). Petroleum Geoscience, 18, 381–404.10.1144/petgeo2011-091
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson, A. H. F., Parlak, O., & Ustaömer, T. (2013). Late Palaeozoic–Early Cenozoic tectonic development of southern Turkey and the easternmost Mediterranean region: Evidence from the inter-relations of continental and oceanic units. In A. H. F. Robertson, O. Parlak, & U.-C. Ünlügenç (Eds.), Geological development of Anatolia and the easternmost Mediterranean (Vol. 372, pp. 9–48). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, A. H. F., Parlak, O., Ustaömer, T., Taslı, K., İnan, N., & Dumitrica, P. (2013). Tectonic development and regional implications of the Ankara–Erzincan suture zone in the Eastern Pontides, Turkey during Late Mesozoic–Early Cenozoic time. In DARIUS Programme, Tbilisi Meeting, 24–25 June 2013 (pp. 53–57). Eastern Black Sea and Caucasus Workshop: Tiblisi, Georgia.
   Google Scholar
• Robertson, A. H. F., Ustaömer, T., Pickett, E. A., Collins, A. S., Andrew, T., & Dixon, J. E. (2005). Testing models of Late Palaeozoic–Early Mesozoic orogeny in Western Turkey: Support for an evolving open-Tethyan model. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 161, 501–511.
   Google Scholar
• Rojay, B. (2013). Tectonic evolution of the Cretaceous Ankara Ophiolitic Melange during the Late Cretaceous to pre-Miocene interval in Central Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Geodynamics, 65, 66–81.10.1016/j.jog.2012.06.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rojay, B., Altıner, D., Altıner, S., Önen, P., James, S., & Thirlwall, M. W. (2004). Geodynamic significance of the Cretaceous pillow basalts from North Anatolian Ophiolitic Melange Belt (Central Anatolia, Turkey): Geochemical and paleontological constraints. Geodinamica Acta, 17, 349–361.10.3166/ga.17.349-361
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rojay, B., Yalınız, M. K., & Altıner, D. (2001). Tectonic implications of some Cretaceous pillow basalts from the northern Anatolian ophiolitic melange (Central Anatolia–Turkey) to the evolution of Neotethys. Turkish Journal of Earth Science, 10, 93–102.
   Google Scholar
• Rolland, Y., Billo, S., Corsini, M., Sosson, M., & Galoyan, G. (2009). Blueschists of the Amassia-Stepanavan Suture Zone (Armenia): Linking Tethys subduction history from E-Turkey to W-Iran. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 98, 533–550.10.1007/s00531-007-0286-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rolland, Y., Galoyan, G., Bosch, D., Sosson, M., Corsini, M., Fornari, M., & Verati, C. (2009). Jurassic back-arc and Cretaceous hot-spot series in the Armenian ophiolites – Implications for the obduction process. Lithos, 112, 163–187.10.1016/j.lithos.2009.02.006
   Google Scholar
• Rolland, Y., Galoyan, G., Sosson, M., Melkonyan, R., & Avagyan, A. (2010). The Armenian ophiolite: Insights for Jurassic back-arc formation, Lower Cretaceous hot spot magmatism and Upper Cretaceous obduction over the South Armenian Block. In M. Sosson, K. Kaymakçı, R. A. Stephenson, F. Bergerat, & V. Starostenko (Eds.), Sedimentary basin tectonics from the Black Sea and Caucasus to the Arabian platform (Vol. 340, pp. 353–382). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Sarıfakıoğlu, E., Özen, H., & Winchester, J. A. (2009). Petrogenesis of Refahiye ophiolite and its tectonic significance for Neotethyan ophiolites along the İzmir–Ankara–Erzincan Suture zone. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 18, 187–207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schildgen, T. F., Cosentino, D., Bookhagen, B., Niedermann, S., Yıldırım, C., Echtler, H., … Strecker, M. R. (2012). Multi-phased uplift of the southern margin of the Central Anatolian plateau, Turkey: A record of tectonic and upper mantle processes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 317–318, 85–95.10.1016/j.epsl.2011.12.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Şen, C. (2007). Jurassic volcanism in the Eastern Pontides: Is it rift-related or subduction related? Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 16, 523–539.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Şengör, A. M. C. (1984). The Cimmeride orogenic system and the tectonics of Eurasia (Special Paper l95). Denver, CO: Geological Society of America.
   Google Scholar
• Şengör, A. M. C., Özeren, M. S., Keskin, M., Sakınç, M., Özbakır, A. D., & Kayan, İ. (2008). Eastern Turkish high plateau as a small Turkic-type orogen: Implications for post-collisional crust-forming processes in Turkic-type orogens. Earth-Science Reviews, 90, 1–48.10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.05.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Şengör, A. M. C., Tüysüz, O., İmren, C., Sakınç, M., Eyidoğan, H., Görür, N., … Rangin, C. (2005). The north Anatolian fault: A new look. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 33, 37–112.10.1146/annurev.earth.32.101802.120415
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Şengör, A. M. C., & Yılmaz, Y. (1981). Tethyan evolution of Turkey: A plate tectonic approach. Tectonophysics, 75, 181–241.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sosson, M., Rolland, Y., Danelian, T., Muller, C., Melkonyan, R., Adamia, S., … Galoyan, G. H. (2010). Subductions, obduction and collision in the Lesser Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia), new insights. In M. Sosson, N. Kaymakci, R. Stephanson, F. Bergarat, & V. Storatchenoko (Eds.), Sedimentary basin tectonics from the Black Sea and Caucasus to the Arabian Platform (Vol. 340, pp. 329–352). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Sun, S. S., & Mcdonough, W. F. (1989). Chemical and isotopic systematics of ocean basalts: Implications for mantle composition and processes. In A. D. Saunders & M. J. Norry (Eds.), Magmatism in the ocean basins (Vol. 42, pp. 313–347). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Tarhan, N. (1988). 1/100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji haritaları serisi, Erzurum-F31 (~İ 45) paftası [1/100.000 scale Turkish geology map series, Erzurum-F31 (~İ 45) sheet] (Vol. 56, 13 pp.). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Geology Department.
   Google Scholar
• Tarhan, N. (2007a). 1/100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji haritaları serisi, Erzincan-İ 44) paftası [1/100.000 scale Turkish geology map series, Erzincan-İ 44 sheet] (Vol. 67, 31 pp.). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Geology Department.
   Google Scholar
• Tarhan, N. (2007b). 1/100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji haritaları serisi, Erzincan-İ 43 paftası [1/100.000 scale Turkish geology map series, Erzincan-İ43 sheet] (Vol. 68, 36 pp.). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Geology Department.
   Google Scholar
• Tarhan, N. (2008). 1/100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji Haritaları serisi, Erzincan-İ 42 paftası [1/100.000 scale Turkish geology map series, Erzincan-İ 42 sheet] (Vol. 84, 27 pp.). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Geology Department.
   Google Scholar
• Tekin, U. K., Göncüoğlu, M. C., & Turhan, N. (2002). First evidence of Late Carnian radiolarians from the Izmir–Ankara suture complex, central Sakarya, Turkey: Implications for the opening age of the Izmir–Ankara branch of Neo-Tethys. Geobios, 35, 127–135.10.1016/S0016-6995(02)00015-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topuz, G., Altherr, R., Satir, M., & Schwarz, W. H. (2004). Low-grade metamorphic rocks from the Pulur complex, NE Turkey: Implications for the pre-Liassic evolution of the Eastern Pontides. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 93, 72–91.10.1007/s00531-003-0372-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topuz, G., Altherr, R., Siebel, W., Schwarz, W. H., Zack, T., Hasözbek, A., Satır, C. (2010). Carboniferous high-potassium I-type granitoid magmatism in the Eastern Pontides: The Gümüşhane pluton (NE Turkey). Lithos, 116, 92–110.10.1016/j.lithos.2010.01.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topuz, G., Göçmengil, G., Rolland, Y., Çelik, O. F., Zack, T., & Schmitt, A. K. (2013). Jurassic accretionary complex and ophiolite from northeast Turkey: No evidence for the Cimmerian continental ribbon. Geology, 41, 255–258.10.1130/G33577.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tulchoke, B. E., & Lin, J. (1994). A geological model for the structure of ridge segments in slow spreading ocean crust. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99, 11937–11958.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tunç, M. (1992). Olur (Erzurum) Yöresindeki Geç Jura–Alt Kretase yaşlı kireçtaşların biyostratigrafisi [The biostratigraphy of Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous aged limestones of Olur (Erzurum)]. Geological Bulletin of Turkey, 35, 121–130.
   Google Scholar
• Tüysüz, O. (1990). Tectonic evolution of a part of the Tethyside orogenic collage: The Kargı Massif, northern Turkey. Tectonics, 9, 141–160.10.1029/TC009i001p00141
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tüysüz, O., Dellaloǧlu, A. A., & Terzioǧlu, N. (1995). A magmatic belt within the Neo-Tethyan suture zone and its role in the tectonic evolution of northern Turkey. Tectonophysics, 243, 173–191.10.1016/0040-1951(94)00197-H
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tüysüz, O., Yiğitbaş, E., & Serdar, H. S. (1988). Vezirköprü–Boyabat dolayının jeolojisi [Geology of the Vezirköprü–Boyabat area] (Report 55). Ankara: Turkish Petroleum Company (TPAO).
   Google Scholar
• Underwood, M. B., Ballance, P. F., Clift, P. D., Hiscott, R. N., Marsaglia, K. M., Pickering, K. T., & Reid, R. P. (1995). Sedimentation in forearc basins, trenches and collision zones, of the western Pacific: A summary of results from the Ocean Drilling Program. In B. Taylor & J. Natland (Eds.), Active margins and marginal basins of the Western Pacific (Vol. 88, pp. 315–354). Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Monograph.
   Google Scholar
• Ustaömer, P. A., Ustaömer, T., & Robertson, A. H. F. (2012). Ion probe U–Pb dating of the Central Sakarya basement: A peri-Gondwana terrane intruded by late Lower Carboniferous subduction/collision-related granitic rocks. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 21, 905–932.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ustaömer, T., & Robertson, A. H. F. (1997). Tectonic-sedimentary evolution of the north Tethyan margin in the Central Pontides of northern Turkey. In A. G. Robinson (Ed.), Regional and Petroluem geology of the Black Sea and surrounding region (Vol. 68, pp. 255–290). Houston, TX: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoirs.
   Google Scholar
• Ustaömer, T., & Robertson, A. H. F. (2010). Late Paleozoic–Early Cenozoic tectonic development of the eastern Pontides (Artvin area), Turkey: Stages of closure of Tethys along the southern margin of Eurasia. In M. Sosson, N. Kaymakçı, R. A. Stephenson, F. Bergerat, & V. Starostenko (Eds.), Sedimentary basin tectonics from the Black Sea and Caucasus to the Arabian platform (Vol. 340, pp. 281–327). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Ustaömer, T., Robertson, A. H. F., Ustaömer, P. A., Gerdes, A., & Peytcheva, I. (2013). Constraints on Variscan and Cimmerian magmatism and metamorphism in the Pontides (Yusufeli–Artvin area), NE Turkey from U–Pb dating and granite geochemistry. In A. H. F. Robertson, O. Parlak, & U.-C. Ünlügenç (Eds.), Geological development of Anatolia and the easternmost Mediterranean (Vol. 372, pp. 49–74). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Vincent, S. J., Carter, A., Lavrishchev, V. A., Rice, S. P., Barabadze, T. G., & Hovius, N. (2011). The exhumation of the western greater Caucasus: A thermochronometric study. Geological Magazine, 148, 1–21.10.1017/S0016756810000257
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, A., Adamia, S., Chabukıanı, A., Chkhotua, T., Erdoğan, K., Tuzcu, S., & Karabıyıkoğlu, M. F. (2000). Structural correlation of the southern Transcaucasus (Georgia)–eastern Pontides (Turkey). In E. Bozkurt, J. A. Winchester, & J. D. A. Piper (Eds.), Tectonics and magmatism in Turkey and the Surrounding Area (Vol. 182, pp. 171–182). London: Geological Society, Special Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, A., Terlemez, İ., & Uysal, Ş. (1986). Erzurum güneydoğusunda yer alan Hınıs, Tekman ve Karayazı arasının jeolojisi [Geology of the area between Hınıs, Tekman and Karayazı at southeast of Erzurum] (Report 8089). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA).
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, A., Terlemez, İ., & Uysal, Ş. (1988a). Hınıs (Erzurum güneydoğusu) dolayının bazı stratigrafik ve tektonik özellikleri [Some stratigraphic and tectonic characteristics of the area around Hınıs (southeast of Erzurum]. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 108, 1–22.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, A., Terlemez, İ., & Uysal, Ş. (1988b). Sakaltutan Dağı civarındaki ofiyolitik birimlerin jeolojik özellikleri ve yapısal evrimi [Geological characteristics and structural evolution of the ophiolitic units around Sakaltutan Dağı (Erzurum)]. METU Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 21, 221–235.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, A., Terlemez, I., & Uysal, Ş. (1988c). 1/100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji haritaları serisi, Erzurum-F33 (~I 47) paftası [1/100.000 scale Turkish geology map series, Erzurum-F33] (25 pp.). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Geology Department.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, A., Terlemez, İ., & Uysal, Ş. (1989). Erzurum güneydoğusu Sakaltutan Dağı yöresinin jeolojisi [Geology of Sakaltutan region to the southeast of Erzurum] (Report 8903). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Explorationara.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, A., & Uysal, Ş. (1988). 1/100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye jeoloji haritaları serisi, Erzurum-F33 paftası [1/100.000 scale Turkish geology map series, Erzurum-F34] (20 pp.). Ankara: General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration, Geology Department.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, H. (1995). Olur (Erzurum) Yöresinin Jeolojisi [The geology of the Olur (Erzurum) region]. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Dergisi, Jeoloji [Black Sea Technical University Bulletin, Geology], 4, 23–41.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, C., & Kandemir, R. (2006). Sedimentary records of the extensional tectonic regime with temporal cessation: Gümüşhane Mesozoic Basin (NE Turkey). Geologica Carpathica, 57, 3–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, Y., Tüysüz, O., Yiğitbaş, E., Genç, S. C., & Şengör, A. M. C. (1997). Geology and tectonic evolution of the Pontides. In A. G. Robinson (Ed.), Regional and petroleum geology of the Black Sea and surrounding regions (Vol. 68, pp. 183–226). Tulsa, OK: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoirs.
   Google Scholar
• Zakariadze, G. S., Knipper, A. L., Bibikova, E. V., Silantiev, S. A., Zlobin, S. K., Gracheva, T. V., … Kolesov, T. M. (1990). The setting and age of the plutonic part of the NE sevan ophiolite complex. Izvestia NAS USSR, Geological Series, 3, 17–30. (in Russian).
   Google Scholar