References
- Aharon, M., M. Elad, and A. Bruckstein. 2006. “K-SVD: An Algorithm for Designing Overcomplete Dictionaries for Sparse Representation.” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 54 (11): 4311–4322.10.1109/TSP.2006.881199
- Antikainen, J. 2005. “The Concept of Functional Urban Area.” Informationen Zur Raumentwicklung 7: 447–456.
- Brun, M., C. Sima, J. Hua, J. Lowey, B. Carroll, E. Suh, and E. R. Dougherty. 2007. “Model-based Evaluation of Clustering Validation Measures.” Pattern Recognition 40 (3): 807–824.10.1016/j.patcog.2006.06.026
- Calabrese, F., J. Reades, and C. Ratti. 2010. “Eigenplaces: Segmenting Space through Digital Signatures.” IEEE Pervasive Computing 9 (1): 78–84.10.1109/MPRV.2009.62
- Candès, E. J., X. Li, Y. Ma, and J. Wright. 2011. “Robust Principal Component Analysis?” Journal of the ACM 58 (3): 1–37.10.1145/1970392
- Chan, K. W. 2007. “Misconceptions and Complexities in the Study of China’s Cities: Definitions, Statistics, and Implications.” Eurasian Geography and Economics 48 (4): 383–412.10.2747/1538-7216.48.4.383
- Cheng, Z., J. Caverlee, K. Lee, and D. Z. Sui. 2011. “Exploring Millions of Footprints in Location Sharing Services.” Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, 81–88.
- Cranshaw, J., R. Schwartz, J. I. Hong, and N. M. Sadeh. 2012. “The Livehoods Project: Utilizing Social Media to Understand the Dynamics of a City.” Proceedings of International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM), Dublin, Ireland, 58–65.
- Davies, D. L., and D. W. Bouldin. 1979. “A Cluster Separation Measure.” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 1 (2): 224–227.10.1109/TPAMI.1979.4766909
- Deerwester, S., S. T. Dumais, G. W. Furnas, T. K. Landauer, and R. A. Harshman. 1990. “Indexing by Latent Semantic Analysis.” Journal of the American Society for Information Science 41 (6): 391–407.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4571
- Dunn, J. C. 1974. “Well-separated Clusters and Optimal Fuzzy Partitions.” Journal of Cybernetics 4 (1): 95–104.10.1080/01969727408546059
- Eagle, N., and A. S. Pentland. 2009. “Eigenbehaviors: Identifying Structure in Routine.” Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 63 (7): 1057–1066.10.1007/s00265-009-0739-0
- Jain, A. K. 2010. “Data Clustering: 50 Years beyond K-Means.” Pattern Recognition Letters 31 (8): 651–666.10.1016/j.patrec.2009.09.011
- Jiang, S., J. Ferreira, Jr., and M. C. Gonzalez. 2012. “Discovering Urban Spatial-temporal Structure from Human Activity Patterns.” Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD International Workshop on Urban Computing, China, Beijing, 95–102.
- Karlsson, C., and M. Olsson. 2006. “The Identification of Functional Regions: Theory, Methods, and Applications.” The Annals of Regional Science 40 (1): 1–18.10.1007/s00168-005-0019-5
- Kockelman, K. M. 1997. “Travel Behavior as Function of Accessibility, Land Use Mixing, and Land Use Balance: Evidence from San Francisco Bay Area.” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1607 (1): 116–125.10.3141/1607-16
- Li, Z., F. Wu, and X. Gao. 2007. “Polarization of the Global City and Sociospatial Differentiation in Shanghai.” Scientia Geographica Sinica 27 (3): 304–311.
- Liu, L., A. Hou, A. Biderman, C. Ratti, and J. Chen. 2009. “Understanding Individual and Collective Mobility Patterns from Smart Card Records: A Case Study in Shenzhen.” Proceedings of the 12th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, St. Louis Missouri, United States, 1–6.
- Liu, Y., X. Liu, S. Gao, L. Gong, C. Kang, Y. Zhi, G. Chi, and L. Shi. 2015. “Social Sensing: A New Approach to Understanding Our Socio-economic Environments.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 105 (3): 1–19.
- Liu, Y., Z. Sui, C. Kang, and Y. Gao. 2014. “Uncovering Patterns of Inter-urban Trip and Spatial Interaction from Social Media Check-in Data.” PLoS ONE 9 (1): e86026.10.1371/journal.pone.0086026
- Liu, Y., F. Wang, Y. Xiao, and S. Gao. 2012. “Urban Land Uses and Traffic ‘Source-sink Areas’: Evidence from GPS-enabled Taxi Data in Shanghai.” Landscape and Urban Planning 106 (1): 73–87.10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.02.012
- Ma, X., H. Quang Luong, W. Philips, H. Song, and H. Cui. 2012. “Sparse Representation and Position Prior Based Face Hallucination upon Classified Over-complete Dictionaries.” Signal Processing 92 (9): 2066–2074 10.1016/j.sigpro.2012.01.018.
- Noulas, A., S. Scellato, C. Mascolo, and M. Pontil. 2011. “An Empirical Study of Geographic User Activity Patterns in Foursquare.” Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, 11: 570–573.
- Pelletier, M., M. Trépanier, and C. Morency. 2011. “Smart Card Data Use in Public Transit: A Literature Review.” Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 19 (4): 557–568.10.1016/j.trc.2010.12.003
- Peng, H. W., B. Li, R. Ji, and W. Hu. 2013. “Salient Object Detection via Low-rank and Structured Sparse Matrix Decomposition.” Proceedings of Twenty-Seventh AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Washington, USA, pp 796–802.
- Qi, G., X. Li, S. Li, G. Pan, Z. Wang, and D. Zhang. 2011. “Measuring Social Functions of City Regions from Large-scale Taxi Behaviors.” Proceedings of the 9th Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops, Seattle, WA, 384–388.
- Reades, J., F. Calabrese, and C. Ratti. 2009. “Eigenplaces: Analysing Cities Using the Space – Time Structure of the Mobile Phone Network.” Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 36 (5): 824–836.10.1068/b34133t
- Rousseeuw, P. J. 1987. “Silhouettes: A Graphical Aid to the Interpretation and Validation of Cluster Analysis.” Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 20: 53–65.10.1016/0377-0427(87)90125-7
- Silva, T. H., P. O. Melo, J. M. Almeida, J. Salles, and A. A. Loureiro. 2012. “Visualizing the Invisible Image of Cities.” Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Green Computing and Communications, Besancon, France, 382–389.
- Steiner, R. L. 1994. “Residential Density and Travel Patterns: Review of the Literature.” Transportation Research Record 1466: 37–43.
- Toole, J. L., M. Ulm, M. C. González, and D. Bauer. 2012. “Inferring Land Use from Mobile Phone Activity.” Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD International Workshop on Urban Computing, Beijing, China, 1–8.
- Wu, L., Y. Zhi, Z. Sui, and Y. Liu. 2014. “Intra-urban Human Mobility and Activity Transition: Evidence from Social Media Check-in Data.” PLoS ONE 9 (5): e97010.10.1371/journal.pone.0097010
- Wu, S., X. Qiu, E. L. Usery, and L. Wang. 2009. “Using Geometrical, Textural, and Contextual Information of Land Parcels for Classification of Detailed Urban Land Use.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 99 (1): 76–98.10.1080/00045600802459028
- Yuan, J., Y. Zheng, and X. Xie. 2012. “Discovering Regions of Different Functions in a City Using Human Mobility and POIs.” Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, Beijing, China, 186–194.