- Kaspin , D . 1995 . ‘The politics of ethnicity in Malawi's democratic transition‘ . Journal of Modern African Studies , 33 ( 4 ) : 595 – 620 .
- Vail , L and White , L . 1989 . “ ‘Tribalism in the political history of Malawi’ ” . In The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa , Edited by: Vail , L . London : James Curry .
- Malawi , SDNP . 1999 . Malawi Presidential and Parliamentary Elections , Malawi : National Research Council of Malawi and United Nations Development Programme . Available on http://www.sdnp.org.mw/elect99/index.html
- Dr Alan Thorold is coordinator of the Postgraduate Programme in Anthropology, School of Social Sciences and Development Studies, University of Durban‐Westville, South Africa.
South African Journal of International Affairs
Volume 7, 2000 - Issue 2