The metaphorical presentation of Christ in the hymns of Prudentius

NOTES

• J.H. Barkhuizen, ‘Christ as metaphor in the hymns of Romanos the Melodist’, Acta Patristica et Byzantina 2 (1991), 1–15.
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• Rex: Cath. 2.67, 7.4, 9.106, 11.67, 11.78, 11.100, 12.41, 12.94 (Rv. 19:16), 12.185,187, 12.188 (cf. Mt. 26:61), 12.204; Psych. 5; Perist. 10.535; C. Symm. 1.565; Tit. Hist. 20; Ruler of the stars: Cath. 12.34; Apoth. 616ff.
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• Dux: (i) Military: Cath. 12.161–164; Psych. 11; Perist. 1.32,67; praesuliustitiae: Cath. 5.83–84; Praepotens extinctor Antichristi: Cath. 6.101–104; (ii) Non-military: Cath. 3.204–205, 5.1, 5.87, 10.165.
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• Iudex (Judge): Cath. 1.13–16, 6.97–98, 9.104, 9.106; Hamart. 764, 934; Psych. 406; Perist. 2.581; Spectator (Judge and Critic): Perist. 5.297; Quaesitor (Inquisitor): Cath. 6.89–90, cf. Job 10:6, 13:9; Righteous Avenger: Cath. 9.108.
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• Teacher: Cath. 1.30, 5.8–12, 7.197, 8.17–20, 9.95; Perist. 10.45,125; Psych. 888.
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• Medicus: Cath. 9.31 ff., 67; Apoth. 965.
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• Shepherd: Cath. 8.37, 49; cf. Ps. 23:1; Is. 40:11; Ezk. 34:11–19; Jn. 10:2–16; Nm. 27:17; 1 Ki. 22:17; 2 Chr. 18:16; Ps. 80:2; Jr. 31:10; Heb. 13:20; 1 Pt. 2:25; 1 Pt. 5:4.
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• Bookkeeper: Perist. 1.2, 10.1119; cf. Rv. 5:1–7, 3:5, 17:8, 21:27.
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• Ceramist: Apoth. 1022ff.; cf. Is. 29:16, 64:8; Jr. 18:6.
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• Farmer: Apoth. 45–56; cf. Jn. 15:1.
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• True Priest: Psych., Praef., 59; cf. Heb. 10.21; Comforter: Cath. 5.160; cf. Nah. 1:2; Dt. 32:43; 1 Sm. 24:13; 2 Ki. 9:7; Is. 1:24; Jr. 5:9, 29; Rm. 12:19; Rv. 6:10.
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• Bridegroom: Perist. 2.305–308, 14.79.
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• Victuals, bread, sweet savour: Cath. 9.61–63; cf. Jn. 6:33,35,48,51,58.
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• Wine: Cath. 3.17ff.
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• Cath. 8.1.
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• Tongue: Perist. 10.21ff.; cf. Mt. 10:18–20; Ps. 119:172; Pr. 10:20, 16:1; Jr. 23:31; 2 Sm. 23:2.
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• Light: Cath. 5.1, 7.1; Perist. 5.276; cf. 2 Sm. 23:4; Ps. 27:1; Mi. 7:8; Jn. 1:4, 1:9, 8:12, 9:5, 12:46.
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• Fire: Perist. 2.393–394.
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• Steadfast Rock; Flintstone: Cath. 5.8–12; cf. Jdg. 6:21; Ps. 18:3 (Ps. 17:3 in Vulgate), Ps. 95:1 (Ps. 94:1 in Vulgate).
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• Cath. 3.166–170; cf. J. Swanepoel, ‘Metaphor, intertext and reader. A discussion with reference to two hymns by Fortunatus’, Ekklesiastikos Pharos 68–69 (1986–87), 126–129; cf. also Is. 11:6, 65:25; Rv. 17:4, 5:5–8,12. For agnus Tonantis see Cath. 5.81; Mk. 3:17.
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• Cath. 3.166–170; cf. Mt. 3:16, 10:16; Mk. 1:10; Jn. 1:32.
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• See also M.J. Mans, ‘A comparison between Ambrose's “Aeterne rerum conditor” and Prudentius' “Cathemerinon I” or “Hymnus ad galli cantum”’, Acta Patristica et Byzantina 1 (1990), 104–107, 113; M.J. Mans, ‘The function of Biblical material in the hymns of St. Ambrose’. In: J. den Boeft and A. Hilhorst (eds.), Early Christian poetry. A collection of essays, Supplement to Vigiliae Christianae, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1993, 93–95.
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• Cath. 12.49–52; cf. Nm. 17:8; Is. 11:1–2; Is. 27:6; Heb. 9:4.
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• Avenger: Apoth. 409; Cath. 6.94–99.
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• Cath. 9.94. 12.79.
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• Word of the Father: Cath. 6.3, 7.1.
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• Phantasma Dei: Apoth. 1051.
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• Moderator: Hamart. 933.
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• Cath. 7.54–55.
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• Cath. 10.132.
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• W. Evenepoel, Zakelijke en literaire onderzoekingen betreffende het Liber Cathemerinon van Aurelius Prudentius Clemens, Brussel: Verhandelingen van de Koninklijke Academie voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schone Kunsten van België, Jrg. XLI, Nr. 91, 1979, 126.
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• Ibid.
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• Marion M. van Assendelft, ‘Sol Ecce Surgit Igneus’, a commentary on the morning and evening hymns of Prudentius, Groningen: Bouma's Boekhuis B.V., 1976, 25.
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• Idem 24–25.
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• Jdg. 6:21: ‘and fire came up out of the rock’; cf. Cath. 5.90–92: perhaps petra (v. 11) is used in contrast with the cleft flint pouring forth water, referred to in vv. 90–92.
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• Evenepoel, op. cit., 108, 111.
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• Swanepoel, op. cit., 126–129. Here the sacer agnus (Holy Lamb) (= bonus pastor), snatches the sheep from the wolf's jaws.
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• Rv. 5:5–8,12: where the four living creatures and the twenty-four elders fell down before the Lamb.
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• Evenepoel, op. cit., 134–135.
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• M. Lurker, Wörterbuch biblischer Bilder und Symbole, München: Kösel-Verlag, 1973, 55–56.
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