Exploring Euphemisms as Taboo Avoidance Strategies in the Mabia Languages

References

• Abubakari, Hasiyatu. 2022. “Documenting the Folktales of the Kusaas through Stories and Illustration.” Accra: Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana. https://popcultureanddevelopment.org/
   Google Scholar
• Abubakari, Hasiyatu, and Issah, A. Samuel. 2022. “Nominal Classification in Mabia (Gur) Languages of West Africa.” Language Sciences 95 (1): #101514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2022.101514
   Google Scholar
• Agyekum, Kofi. 1996. “Akan Verbal Taboos in the Context of the Ethnography of Communication.” M.Phil. thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Agyekum, Kofi. 2002. “Menstruation as a Verbal Taboo among the Akan of Ghana.” Journal of Anthropological Research 58 (3): 367–387. https://doi.org/10.1086/jar.58.3.3631182
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agyekum, Kofi. 2010. Akan Verbal Taboos in the Context of the Ethnography of Communication. Accra: Ghana Universities Press.
   Google Scholar
• Allan, Keith. 2018. “Taboo Words and Language: An Overview.” In The Oxford Handbook of Taboo Words and Language, edited by Keith Allan, 1–27. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198808190.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Allan, Keith, and Kate Burridge. 1991. Euphemism and Dysphemism: Language Used as Shield and Weapon. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Allan, Keith, and Kate Burridge. 2006. Forbidden Words: Taboo and the Censoring of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511617881
   Google Scholar
• Baker, Robert. 1975. “Pricks and Chicks: A Plea for ‘Persons’.” In Philosophy and Sex, edited by Robert Baker and Frederick A. Elliston, 45–64. Buffalo: Prometheus.
   Google Scholar
• Barus, Jumat. 2020. “Taboo Avoidances in Karo Language. Language Literacy:” Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching 4 (1): 101–111. https://doi.org/10.30743/ll.v4i1.2453
   Google Scholar
• Bodomo, Adams. 2020. “Mabia: Its Etymological Genesis, Geographical Spread, and Some Salient Genealogical Features.” In Handbook of Mabia Languages of West Africa, edited by Adams Bodomo, Hasiyatu Abubakari and Samuel A. Issah, 5–34. Glienicke: Galda.
   Google Scholar
• Bonvillain, Nancy. 2003. Language, Culture, and Communication: The Meaning of Messages. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, Penelope, and C. Steven Levinson. 1987. Politeness: Some Universals of Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813085
   Google Scholar
• Cameron, Deborah. 1995. Verbal Hygiene. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Carbaugh, Donal. 2008. “Ethnography of Communication.” In The International Encyclopedia of Communication, edited by Wolfgang Donsbach. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405186407.wbiece040
   Google Scholar
• Eckert, Penelope, and Sally McConnell-Ginet. 2003. Language and Gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511791147
   Google Scholar
• Fakuade, Gbenga, Ngozi Kemdirim, Ikechukwu Nnaji, and Florence Nwosu. 2018. “Linguistic Taboos in the Igbo Society: A Sociolinguistic Investigation.” Journal of Language, Discourse and Society 2 (2): 117–132.
   Google Scholar
• Farb, Peter. 1973. World Play. London: Jonathan Cape.
   Google Scholar
• Farghal, Mohammed. 1995. “Euphemisms in Arabic: A Gricean Interpretation.” Anthropological Linguistics 37 (3): 366–378.
   Google Scholar
• Farghal, Mohammed. 2005. “Arabic Euphemism in English Translation.” International Journal of Arabic-English Studies 6: 57–70.
   Google Scholar
• Fernández, Eliécer Crespo. 2006. “The Language of Death: Euphemism and Conceptual Metaphorisation in Victorian Obituaries.” Sky Journal of Linguistics 19: 101–130.
   Google Scholar
• Gumperz, John J., and Dell Hymes. 1964. The Ethnography of Communication. Washington, DC: American Anthropological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Gumperz, John J., and Dell Hymes, eds. 1972. Directions in Sociolinguistics: The Ethnography of Communication. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
   Google Scholar
• Haste, Hellen. 1994. The Sexual Metaphor. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hines, Caitlin. 2000. “Rebaking the Pie: The WOMAN AS DESSERT Metaphor.” In Reinventing Identities: The Gendered Self in Discourse, edited by Mary Bucholtz, A. C. Liang, and Laurel A. Sutton, 145–162. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hymes, Dell. 1962. “The Ethnography of Speaking.” In Anthropology and Human Behaviour, edited by Thomas Gladwin and William C. Sturtevan, 13–53. Washington, DC: Anthropological Society of Washington. https://doi.org/10.1037/e596342011-002
   Google Scholar
• Hymes, Dell. 1972. “Models of the Interaction of Language and Social Life.” In Directions in Sociolinguistics: The Ethnography of Communication, edited by John J. Gumperz and Dell Hymes, 35–71. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
   Google Scholar
• Hymes, Dell. 1974. Foundations in Sociolinguistics: An Ethnographic Approach. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
   Google Scholar
• Johnstone, Barbara, and William M. Marcellino. 2010. “Dell Hymes and the Ethnography of Communication.” In The Sage Handbook of Sociolinguistics, edited by Ruth Wodak, Barbara Johnstone and Paul Kerswill, 57–66. London: Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446200957
   Google Scholar
• Kaosa-Ad, Rommayasin. 2009. “English Euphemism as used by Natives Speakers of English and of Thai.” Master’s project, Srinakharinwirot University.
   Google Scholar
• Knowles, Murray, and Rosamund Moon. 2006. Introducing Metaphor in English: London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Levon, Erez. 2013. “Ethnography and Recording Interaction.” In Research Methods in Linguistics, edited by Robert J. Podesva and Devyani Sharma, 195–215. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139013734.011
   Google Scholar
• Linfoot-Ham, Kerry. 2005. “The Linguistics of Euphemism: A Diachronic Study of Euphemism Formation.” Journal of Language and Linguistics 4 (2): 227–263.
   Google Scholar
• Metts, Sandra, and Erica Grohskopf. 2003. “Impression Management: Goals, Strategies, and Skills.” In Handbook of Communication and Social Interaction Skills, edited by John O. Greene and Brant R. Burleson, 357–399. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Musah, A. Agoswin, and A. Sandow Atibiri. 2020. “Metaphors of Death in Kusaal.” Journal of West African Languages 47 (1): 1–9.
   Google Scholar
• Noy, Chaim. 2017. “Ethnography of Communication.” In The International Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods, edited by Jörg Matthes, Christine S. Davis, and Robert F. Potter. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118901731.iecrm0089
   Google Scholar
• Owiredu, Charles. 2020. “Metaphors and Euphemisms of Death in Akan and Hebrew.” Open Journal of Modern Linguistics 10: 404–421. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2020.104024
   Google Scholar
• Salifu, N. Alhassan. 2012. “Language and Gender: The Construction and Reproduction of Gender in Dagbani.” PhD thesis, University of Ghana.
   Google Scholar
• Saville-Troike, Muriel. 2003. The Ethnography of Communication. Malden, MA: Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470758373
   Google Scholar
• Taluah, Asangba R. 2019. “Taboo in Language and Discourse: The Case of Kasem.” Mouth: Critical Studies on Language, Culture and Society 4: 150–168:
   Google Scholar
• Wardhaugh, Ronald. 2010. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar