Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Activated Carbon–Filled Epoxy Nanocomposites

REFERENCES

• Ong , H. C. , T. M. I. Mahlia , and H. H. Masjuki . 2011 . A review on energy scenario and sustainable energy in Malaysia . Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 15 : 639 – 647 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ioannidou , O. , and A. Zabaniotou . 2007 . Agricultural residues as precursors for activated carbon production—A review . Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 15 : 1966 – 2005 .
   Google Scholar
• Tan , I. A. W. , A. L. Ahmad , and B. H. Hameed . 2008 . Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbons from coconut husk using response surface methodology . Chem. Eng. J. 137 : 462 – 470 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruiz , V. , C. Blanco , M. Granda , R. Menéndez , and R. Santamaría . 2007 . Influence of electrode preparation on the electrochemical behaviour of carbon-based supercapacitors . J. Appl. Electrochem. 37 : 717 – 721 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Hendawy , A.-N. A. , S. E. Samra , and B. S. Girgis . 2001 . Adsorption characteristics of activated carbons obtained from corncobs . Colloids Surf. A. 180 : 209 – 221 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Hendawy , A.-N. A. , A. J. Alexander , R. J. Andrews , and G. Forrest . 2008 . Effects of activation schemes on porous, surface and thermal properties of activated carbons prepared from cotton stalks . J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis 82 : 272 – 278 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo , Y. , and D. A. Rockstraw . 2007 . Activated carbons prepared from rice hull by one-step phosphoric acid activation . Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 100 : 12 – 19 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu , L. , and H. Teng . 2000 . Influence of different chemical reagents on the preparation of activated carbons from bituminous coal . Fuel Process. Technol. 64 : 155 – 166 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dale , S. W. , and J. S. Ryan . 2007 . How nano are nanocomposites? Macromolecules 40 : 8501 – 8517 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaia , R. A. , and E. P. Giannelis . 2001 . Polymer nanocomposites: Status and opportunities . J. Mater. Res. 26 : 358 – 401 .
   Google Scholar
• Kamel , S. 2007 . Nanotechnology and its applications in lignocellulosic composites, a mini review . Express Polym. Lett. 1 : 546 – 575 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirmohseni , A. , and S. Zavareh . 2010 . Preparation and characterization of an epoxy nanocomposite toughened by a combination of thermoplastic, layered and particulate nano-fillers . Mater. Des. 31 : 2699 – 2706 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakar , M. , M. Kostrzewa , B. Hausnerova , and K. Sar . 2010 . Preparation and property evaluation of nanocomposites based on polyurethane-modified epoxy/montmorillonite systems . Adv. Polym. Technol. 29 : 237 – 248 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zabihi , O. , and S. Ghasemlou . 2012 . Nano-CuO/epoxy composites: Thermal characterization and thermo-oxidative degradation . Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. 17 : 108 – 121 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martone , A. , C. Formicola , F. Piscitelli , M. Lavorgna , M. Zarrelli , V. Antonucci , and M. Giordano . 2012 . Thermo-mechanical characterization of epoxy nanocomposites with different carbon nanotube distributions obtained by solvent aided and direct mixing . Express Polym. Lett. 6 : 520 – 531 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sen , A. , and S. Kumar . 2010 . Coir-fiber-based fire retardant nano filler for epoxy composites . J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 101 : 265 – 271 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , J. H. , Y. K. Jang , C. E. Hong , N. H. Kim , P. Li , and H. K. Lee . 2009 . Effect of carbon fillers on properties of polymer composite bipolar plates of fuel cells . J. Power Sources 193 : 523 – 529 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagarajan , R. 2008 . Nanoparticles: Building Blocks for Nanotechnology. In Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Stabilization, Passivation, and Functionalization. ACS Symposium Series 996, R. Nagarajan and T. A. Hatton, eds. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. Chapter 1, pp. 2–14
   Google Scholar
• Swaminathan , G. , and K. Shivakumar . 2009. A re-examination of DMA testing of polymer matrix composites. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 28: 979–994.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jawaid , M. , H. P. S. Abdul Khalil , and O. S. Alattas . 2012 . Woven biocomposites: Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties . Composites Part A, Appl. Sci. Manuf. 43 : 288 – 293 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jawaid , M. , H. P. S. Abdul Khalil , and A. Abu Bakar . 2011 . Effect of layering pattern on the dynamic mechanical properties and thermal degradation of oil palm-jute fibers reinforced epoxy hybrid composite . BioResources 6 : 2309 – 2322 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papanicolaou , G. C. , K. P. Papaefthymiou , A. F. Koutsomitopoulou , D. V. Portan , and S. P. Zaoutsos . 2012 . Effect of dispersion of MWCNTs on the static and dynamic mechanical behavior of epoxy matrix nanocomposites . J. Mater. Sci. 47 : 350 – 359 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amendola , E. , A. M. Scamardella , C. Petrarca , and D. Acierno . 2011 . Epoxy–nanocomposites with ceramic reinforcement for electrical insulation . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 122 : 3686 – 3693 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montazeri , A. , N. Montazeri , K. Pourshamsian , and A. Tcharkhtchi . 2011 . The effect of sonication time and dispersing medium on the mechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/epoxy composite . Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. 16 : 465 – 476 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firoozian , P. , I. U. H. Bhat , H. P. S. Abdul Khalil , A. M. Noor , H. M. Akil , and A. H. Bhat . 2011 . High surface area activated carbon prepared from agricultural biomass: Empty fruit bunch (EFB), bamboo stem and coconut shells by chemical activation with H3PO4 . Mater Technol. 26 : 222 – 228 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdul Khalil , H. P. S., P. Firoozian , I. O. Bakare , H. M. Akil , and A. M. Noor . 2010 . Exploring biomass based carbon black as filler in epoxy composites: Flexural and thermal properties . Mater. Des. 31 : 3419 – 3425 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firoozian , P. 2012 . Nano carbon black and activated carbon from agricultural waste filled epoxy composites. PhD diss., Universiti Sains Malaysia.
   Google Scholar
• Joseph , S. , S. P. Appukuttan , J. M. Kenny , D. Puglia , S. Thomas , and K. Joseph . 2010 . Dynamic mechanical properties of oil palm microfibril-reinforced natural rubber composites . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 117 : 1298 – 1308 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdul Khalil , H. P. S. , P. Firoozian , M. Jawaid , H. M. Akil , and A. Hassan . 2012 . Preparation of activated carbon filled epoxy nanocomposites: Morphological and thermal properties . J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. doi: 10.1007/s10973-012-2743-2 .
   Google Scholar
• Etika , K. C. , L. Liu , L. A. Hess , and J. C. Grunlan . 2009 . The influence of synergistic stabilization of carbon black and clay on the electrical and mechanical properties of epoxy composites . Carbon 47 : 3128 – 3136 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong , S. , and R. Gauvin . 1993 . Application of dynamic mechanical analysis for the study of the interfacial region in carbon fiber/epoxy composite materials . Polym. Compos. 14 : 414 – 420 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun , Y. , Z. Zhang , K.-S. Moon , and C. P. Wong . 2004 . Glass transition and relaxation behavior of epoxy nanocomposites . J. Polym. Sci. Phys. 42 : 3849 – 3858 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou , D. , M. Cao , and S. Gong . 2003 . A novel method of preparing Ba0.96Ca0.04Ti1.02O3 ceramics with low room temperature resistivity . Mater. Sci. Eng. B 99 : 399 – 402 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , S. , Z. Liang , T. Liu , B. Wang , and C. Zhang . 2006 . Effective amino-functionalization of carbon nanotubes for reinforcing epoxy polymer composites . Nanotechnology 17 : 1551 – 1557 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar