The optimal charge of carbon dioxide in water–water heat pump systems with and without an internal heat exchanger

References

• Calm JM. Refrigerant Transitions … Again. Moving Towards Sustainability. 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Cavallini A, Zilio C, Brown JS. Sustainability with prospective refrigerants. Int J Energ Res. 2014;38(3):285–298. doi: 10.1002/er.3035
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Z, Wang H, Tian L, et al. Thermodynamic analysis of double-compression flash intercooling transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle. J Supercrit Fluids. 2016;109:100–108. doi: 10.1016/j.supflu.2015.09.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cecchinato L, Chiarello M, Corradi M, et al. Thermodynamic analysis of different two-stage transcritical carbon dioxide cycles. Int J Refrig. 2009;32(5):1058–1067. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2008.10.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavallini A, Cecchinato L, Corradi M, et al. Two-stage transcritical carbon dioxide cycle optimisation: a theoretical and experimental analysis. Int J Refrig. 2005;28(8):1274–1283. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2005.09.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang ZY, Ma YT, Wang HL, et al. Theoretical evaluation on effect of internal heat exchanger in ejector expansion transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle. Appl Therm Eng. 2013;50(1):932–938. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.08.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun ZL, Li M, Han G, et al. Performance study of a transcritical carbon dioxide cycle with an expressor. Energy. 2013;60:77–86. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2013.06.042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joneydi Shariatzadeh O, Abolhassani SS, Rahmani M, et al. Comparison of transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycle with expander and throttling valve including/excluding internal heat exchanger: exergy and energy points of view. Appl Therm Eng. 2016;93:779–787. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.09.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torrella E, Sánchez D, Llopis R, et al. Energetic evaluation of an internal heat exchanger in a CO2 transcritical refrigeration plant using experimental data. Int J Refrig. 2011;34(1):40–49. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2010.07.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim MS, Shin CS, Kim MS. A study on the real time optimal control method for heat rejection pressure of a CO2 refrigeration system with an internal heat exchanger. Int J Refrig. 2014;48:87–99. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2014.09.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang FZ, Jiang PX, Lin YS, et al. Efficiencies of subcritical and transcritical CO2 inverse cycles with and without an internal heat exchanger. Appl Therm Eng. 2011;31(4):432–438. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.09.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navarro-Esbrí J, Molés F, Barragán-Cervera Á. Experimental analysis of the internal heat exchanger influence on a vapour compression system performance working with R1234yf as a drop-in replacement for R134a. Appl Therm Eng. 2013;59(1-2):153–161. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.05.028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A criterion for predicting the possible advantage of adopting a suction/liquid heat exchanger in refrigerating system.
   Google Scholar
• Mastrullo R, Mauro AW, Tino S, et al. A chart for predicting the possible advantage of adopting a suction/liquid heat exchanger in refrigerating system. Appl Therm Eng. 2007;27(14-15):2443–2448. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2007.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho H, Ryu C, Kim Y. Cooling performance of a variable speed CO2 cycle with an electronic expansion valve and internal heat exchanger. Int J Refrig. 2007;30(4):664–671. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2006.10.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aprea C, Maiorino A. An experimental evaluation of the transcritical CO2 refrigerator performances using an internal heat exchanger. Int J Refrig. 2008;31(6):1006–1011. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2007.12.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rigola J, Ablanque N, Pérez-Segarra CD, et al. Numerical simulation and experimental validation of internal heat exchanger influence on CO2 trans-critical cycle performance. Int J Refrig. 2010;33(4):664–674. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2009.12.030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moffat RJ. Describing the uncertainties in experimental results. Exp Therm Fluid Sci. 1988;1(1):3–17. doi: 10.1016/0894-1777(88)90043-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar