Armed Conflict, Military Expenses and FDI Inflow to Developing Countries

References

• Agarwal, Jamuna P. 1980. “Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: A Survey.” Review of World Economics 116 (4): 739–773.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aizenman, Joshua, and Reuven Glick. 2006. “Military Expenditure, Threats, and Growth.” The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development 15 (2): 129–155.10.1080/09638190600689095
   Google Scholar
• Andersson, F. N. G. 2008. “Wavelet analysis of economic time series.” diss., Lund Economic Studies, 149.
   Google Scholar
• Andersson, F. N. G. 2016. “Identifying and Modelling Cycles and Long Waves in Economic Time Series.” In Structural Analysis and the Process of Economic Development, edited by Jonas Ljungberg, 34–55. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Andersson, F. N. G., David Edgerton, and Sonja Opper. 2013. “A Matter of Time: Revisiting Growth Convergence in China.” World Development 45: 239–251.10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.12.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson, F. N. G., and Peter Karpestam. 2013. “CO2 Emissions and Economic Activity: Short- and Long-Run Economic Determinants of Scale, Energy Intensity and Carbon Intensity.” Energy Policy 61: 1285–1294.10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asiedu, Elizabeth. 2006. “Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: The Role of Natural Resources, Market Size, Government Policy, Institutions and Political Instability.” The World Economy 29 (1): 63–77.10.1111/twec.2006.29.issue-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aziz, M. Nusrate, and M. Niaz Asadullah. 2017. “Military Spending, Armed Conflict and Economic Growth in Developing Countries in the Post-Cold War era.” Journal of Economic Studies 44 (1): 47–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barro, R. J., and X. Sala-i-Martin. 2004. EconomicGrowth. 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baum, F. Christopher, Mark E. Schaffer, and Steven Stillman. 2007. “Enhanced Routines for Instrumental Variables/Generalized Method of Moments Estimation and Testing.” The Stata Journal 7 (4): 465–506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benoit, Emile. 1978. “Growth and Defense in Developing Countries.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 26 (2): 271–280.10.1086/451015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cothren, Richard. 2002. “A Model of Military Spending and Economic Growth.” Public Choice 110 (1/2): 121–142.10.1023/A:1013049322032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowley, Patrick M. 2007. “A Guide to Wavelets for Economists.” Journal of Economic Surveys 21 (2): 207–267.10.1111/joes.2007.21.issue-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deger, Saadet, and Ron Smith. 1983. “Military Expenditure and Growth in Less Developed Countries.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 27 (2): 335–353.10.1177/0022002783027002006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deger, Saadet, and Somnath Sen. 1983. “Military Expenditure, Spin-off and Economic Development.” Journal of Development Economics 13 (1–2): 67–83.10.1016/0304-3878(83)90050-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunne, J. Paul, Eftychia Nikolaidou, and Ron Smith. 2002. “Military Spending, Investment and Economic Growth in Small Industrialising Economies.” South African Journal of Economics 70 (5): 789–808.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunne, J. Paul, Ron P. Smith, and Dirk Willenbockel. 2005. “Models of Military Expenditure and Growth: A Critical Review.” Defence and Peace Economics 16 (6): 449–461.10.1080/10242690500167791
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enders, Walter, and Todd Sandler. 1996. “Terrorism and Foreign Direct Investment in Spain and Greece.” Kyklos 49 (3): 331–352.10.1111/kykl.1996.49.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engle, Robert F. 1974. “Band Spectrum Regression.” International Economic Review 15 (1): 1–11.
   Google Scholar
• Fatehi-Sedeh, Kamal, and M. Hossein Safizadeh. 1989. “The Association between Political Instability and Flow of Foreign Direct Investment.” Management International Review 29 (4): 4–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feenstra, R. C., and A. M. Taylor. 2014. International Economics, 19–20. New York: Worth Macmillan, 19–20.
   Google Scholar
• Frederiksen, Peter C., and Robert E. Looney. 1982. “Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth in Development Countries: Some Further Empirical Evidence.” Journal of Economic Development 7 (1): 113–126.
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy, G. 1974. The Military in Third Word. London: Duckworth.
   Google Scholar
• Khalid, U. 2016 Catch-up in Institutional Quality: An Empirical Assessment. CREDIT Research Paper, (No. 2016-04). Nottingham: University of Nottingham.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, Dongkyu. 2016. “The Effects of Inter-State Conflicts on Foreign Investment Flows to the Developing World: Enduring Vs Ephemeral Risk of Conflicts.” International Political Science Review 37 (4): 422–437.10.1177/0192512115582278
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landau, Daniel L. 1985. “Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in the Developed Countries: 1952–76.” Public Choice 47 (3): 459–477.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landau, Daniel. 1996. “Is One of the ‘Peace Dividends’ Negative? Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in the Wealthy OECD Countries.” The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 36 (2): 183–195.10.1016/S1062-9769(96)90038-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, Hoon. 2017. “Does Armed Conflict Reduce Foreign Direct Investment in the Petroleum Sector?” Foreign Policy Analysis 13 (1): 188–214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leontief, Wassily W., and Faye Duchin. 1983. Military Spending: Facts and Figures, Worldwide Implications, and Future Outlook. New York, NJ: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Li, Quan. 2006. “Political Violence and Foreign Direct Investment.” Research in Global Strategic Management 12: 231–255.
   Google Scholar
• Li, Quan, and Tatiana Vashchilko. 2010. “Dyadic Military Conflict, Security Alliances, and Bilateral FDI Flows.” Journal of International Business Studies 41 (5): 765–782.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, David. 1983. “Another Look at Growth and Defense in Less Developed Countries.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 31 (2): 377–384.10.1086/451326
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loree, David W., and Stephen E. Guisinger. 1995. “Policy and Non-Policy Determinants of US Equity Foreign Direct Investment.” Journal of International Business Studies 26 (2): 281–299.10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490174
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maizels, Alfred, and Machiko K. Nissanke. 1987. “The Causes of Military Expenditure in Developing Countries.” In Saadet Deger and Robert West’s Defence Security and Development. London: Frances Pinter, 129–140.
   Google Scholar
• Maslova, I., H. Onder, and A. Sanghi. 2013. “Growth and Volatility Analysis using Wavelets.” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper(6578). The World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Mintz, Alex, and Chi Huang. 1990. “Defense Expenditures, Economic Growth, and the ‘Peace Dividend’.” American Political Science Review 84 (4): 1283–1293.10.2307/1963264
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nigh, Douglas. 1985. “The Effect of Political Events on United States Direct Foreign Investment: A Pooled Time-Series Cross-Sectional Analysis.” Journal of International Business Studies 16 (1): 1–17.
   Google Scholar
• Percival, Donald B., and Andrew T. Walden. 2006. Wavelet Methods for Time Series Analysis. Vol. 4. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ram, Rati. 1995. “Defense Expenditure and Economic Growth.” In Handbook of Defense Economics, edited by Todd Sandler and Keith Hartley, 251–274. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Ramsey, J. B. 1999. “The Contribution of Wavelets to the Analysis of Economic and Financial Data.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London a: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 357 (1760): 2593–2606.10.1098/rsta.1999.0450
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothschild, Kurt W. 1973. “Military Expenditure, Exports and Growth.” Kyklos 26 (4): 804–814.10.1111/j.1467-6435.1973.tb02777.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, Friedrich, and Bruno S. Frey. 1985. “Economic and Political Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment.” World Development 13 (2): 161–175.10.1016/0305-750X(85)90002-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, Ronald P. 1980. “Military Expenditure and Investment in OECD Countries, 1954–1973.” Journal of Comparative Economics 4 (1): 19–32.10.1016/0147-5967(80)90050-5
   Google Scholar
• Whynes, David K. 1979. The Economics of Third World Military Expenditure. Springer: University of Texas Press..
   Google Scholar
• Woodward, Douglas P., and Robert J. Rolfe. 1993. “The Location of Export-Oriented Foreign Direct Investment in the Caribbean Basin.” Journal of International Business Studies 24 (1): 121–144.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar