165
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Lymphoproliferative Disease

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia—the Haematologic Basis for Diagnosis and Treatment

&
Pages 33-42 | Received 23 Sep 2001, Published online: 13 Jul 2016

References

  • Foa, R. and Hoffbrand, A.V. (2000) “Editorial: Biology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematoi. 4, 3–4.
  • Rozman, C. and Montserrat, E. (1995) “Chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, N. Engl. J. Med. 333, 1052–1057.
  • Foon, K.A. (1995) “Chronic lymphoid leukemias: recent advances in biology and therapy”. Stem Cells 13, 1–21.
  • de Lima, M., O'Brien, S., Lerner, S. and Keating, M.J. (1998) “Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the young patient”, Semin. Oncol 25, 107–116.
  • La Civita, L., Zignego, A.L., Monti, M., Longombardo, G., Greco, F., Pasero, G. and Ferri, C. (1996) “Type C hepatitis and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia”, Eur. J. Cancer 32A, 1819–1820.
  • Hamblin, T.J. and Oscier, D.G. (1998) “Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia”, In: Whittaker, J.A. and Holmes, J., eds, Leukaemia and Associated Diseases (Blackwell Science, Oxford), pp 105–135.
  • Kantor, A.B. (1991) “The development and repertoire of B-l cells (CD5 B cells)”, Immunol. Today 12, 389–391.
  • Caligaris-Cappio, F. (2000) “Biology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematoi. 4, 5–21.
  • Matutes, E., Owusu-Ankomah, K., Morilla, R., Garcia Marco, J., Houlihan, A., Que, T.H. and Catovsky, D. (1994) “The immunological profile of B-cell disorders and proposal of a scoring system for the diagnosis of CLL”, Leukemia 8, 1640–1645.
  • Matutes, E. (1996) “Trisomy 12 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia”, Leuk. Res. 20, 375–377.
  • Dascalescu, C., Gressin, R., Callanan, M., Sotto, J.J. and Leroux, D. (1996) “t(11; 14)(q13; q32): Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or mantle cell leukaemia?”, Br. J. Haematol. 95, 572–573.
  • Cuneo, A., De Angeli, C., Roberti, M.G., Piva, N., Bigoni, R., Gandini, D., et al., (1996) “Richter's syndrome in a case of atypical chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with the t(11; 14)(q13; q32): role for a p63 exon 7 gene mutation”, Br. J. Haematol. 92, 375–381.
  • Rai, K.R., Sawitsky, A., Cronkite, E.P., Chanana, A.D., Levy, R.N. and Pasternack, B.S. (1975) “Clinical staging of chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Blood 46, 219–234.
  • Binet, J.L., Catovsky, D., Chandra, P., Dighiero, G., Montserrat, E., Rai, K.R. and Sawitsky, A. (1981) “Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: proposals for a revised prognostic staging system”, Br. J. Haematol. 48, 365–367.
  • Matutes, E. and Polliack, A. (2000) “Morphological and immunophenotypic features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematoi. 4, 22–47.
  • Geisler, C.H., Hou-Jensen, K., Myhre Jensen, O., Tinggaard-Pedersen, N., Mark Hansen, M., Hansen, N.E., et al., (1996) “The bone-marrow infiltration pattern in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is not an important prognostic factor”, Eur. J. Haematol. 57, 292–300.
  • Damle, R.N., Wasil, T., Fais, F., Ghiotto, F., Valetta, A., Allen, S.L., et al., (1999) “lg V gene mutation status and CD38 expression as novel prognostic indicators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Blood 94, 1840–1847.
  • Juliusson, G., Oscier, D.G., Fitchett, M., Ross, F.M., Stockdill, G., Mackie, M.J., et al., (1990) “Prognostic subgroups in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia defined by specific chromosomal abnormalities”, N. Engl. J. Med. 323, 720–724.
  • A conference on the morphologic, immunologic, and cytogenetic classification of the chronic (mature) B and T lymphoid leukemia: (MIC IV). Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 48 (1990) pp. 131–132.
  • Stilgenbauer, S., Lichter, P. and Döhner, H. (2000) “Genetic features of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematoi. 4, 48–72.
  • Johansson, B., Mertens, F. and Mitelman, F. (1993) “Cytogenetic deletion, maps of hematologic neoplasms: circumstantial evidence for tumor suppressor loci”, Genes Chromosomes Cancer 8, 205–218.
  • Raffeid, M. and Jaffe, E.S. (1991) “Bcl-1, t(11;14), and mantle cell-derived lymphomas”, Blood 78, 259–263.
  • EI Rouby, S., Thomas, A., Costin, D., Rosenberg, C.R., Potmesil, M., Silber, R. and Newcombe, E.W. (1993) “p53 Gene mutation in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is associated with drug resistance and is independent of MDR1/MDR3 gene expression”, Blood 82, 3452–3459.
  • Howe, D.J., Bromidge, T.J., Stack-Dunne, M., Davies, S.V., Paxton, A., Phillips, M.J., et al, (1997) “Trisomy 12 is a rare event in cases of CLL with typical immunophenotype and morphology”, Hematology 2, 373–378.
  • Solinas-Toldo, S., Lampel, S., Stilgenbauer, S., Nickolenko, J., Benner, A., Döhner, H., et al., (1997) “Matrix-based comparative genomic hybridization: biochips to screen for genomic imbalances”, Genes Chromosomes Cancer 20, 399–407.
  • Hallek, M. (2000) “New concepts in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognostic factors and clinical presentation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematoi. 4,103–117.
  • Myint, H., Copplestone, J.A., Orchard, J., Craig, V., Curtis, D., Prentice, A.G., et al., (1995) “Fludarabine-related autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia”, Br. J. Haematol. 91, 341–344.
  • Apostolopoulos, A., Symeonidis, A. and Zoumbos, N. (1990) “Prognostic significance of immune function parameters in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia”, Eur. J. Haematol. 44, 39–44.
  • Orsini, E., Guarini, A. and Foa, R. (2000) “Accessory cells, cytokine loops and cell-to-cell interactions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematoi. 4, 73–98.
  • Liu, Y.J., Joshua, D.E., Williams, G.T., Smith, C.A., Gordon, J. and MacLennan, I.C. (1989) “Mechanism of antigen-driven selection in germinal centres”, Nature 342, 929–931.
  • Keating, M.J. and O'Brien, S. (2000) “Conventional management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematoi. 4, 118–133.
  • Catovsky, D., Fooks, J. and Richards, S. (1989) “Prognostic factors in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: the importance of age, sex and response to treatment in survival. A report from the MRC CLL 1, Trial”, Br. J. Haematol. 72, 141–149, for the MRC Working Party on Leukaemia in Adults.
  • Keating, M.J., Kantarjian, H., Talpaz, M., Redman, J., Koller, C., Barlogie, B., et al., (1989) “Fludarabine: a new agent with major activity against chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Blood 74, 19–25.
  • Colby, C, McAfee, S.L., Sackstein, R., Finkelstein, D.M., Fishman, J.A. and Spitzer, T.R. (1999) “A prospective randomised trial comparing the toxicity and safety of atovaquone with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole as Pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation”, Bone Marrow Transplant. 24, 897–902.
  • Bellosillo, B., Villamor, N., Colomer, D., Pons, G., Montserrat, E. and Gil, J. (1999) “In vitro evaluation of fludarabine in combination with cyclophosphamide and/or mitoxantrone in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Blood 94, 2836–2843.
  • The French Cooperative Group on CLLJohnson, S., Smith, A.G., Löffler, H., Ösby, E., Juliusson, G., et al., (1996) “Multicentre prospective randomised trial of fludarabine versus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (CAP) for treatment of advanced-stage chronic lymphocytic leukaemia”, Lancet 347, 1432–1438.
  • Jacobs, P. and King, H.S. (1987) “A randomised prospective comparison of chemotherapy to total body irradiation as initial treatment for the indolent lymphoproliferative diseases”, Blood 69, 1642–1646.
  • Kipps, T.J. (1997) “Chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Curr. Opin. Hematoi. 4, 268–276.
  • Campath users' meeting 2000 (in press).
  • Keating, M.J., O'Brien, S., Lerner, S., Koller, C., Beran, M., Robertson, L.E., et al., (1998) “Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) receiving fludarabine regimens as initial therapy”, Blood 92, 1165–1171.
  • Österborg, A., Fassas, A.S., Anagnostopouios, A., Dyer, M.J.S., Catovsky, D and Mellstedt, H. (1996) “Humanized CD52 monoclonal antibody Campath-1H as first-line treatment in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia”, Br. J. Haematol. 93, 151–153.
  • Rai, K.R. and Gupta, N. (2000) “Monoclonal antibodies in chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematoi. 4, 134–144.
  • Cheson, B.D., Dancey, J. and Murgo, A. (2000) “New drugs for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematol. 4, 145–166.
  • Neal, Jr, T.F., Tefferi, A., Witzing, T.E., Su, J., Phyliky, R.L. and Nagorney, D.M. (1992) “Splenectomy in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a single institution experience with 50 patients”, Am. J. Med. 93, 435–440.
  • Michallet, M., Archimbaud, E., Bandini, G., Rowlings, P.A., Deeg, H.J., Gahrton, G., et al., (1996) “HLA-identical sibling bone marrow transplantation in younger patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia”, Ann. Intern. Med. 124, 311–315.
  • Esteve, J., Villamor, N., Colomer, D., Bosch, F., López-Guillermo, A., Rovira, M., et al., (1998) “Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a report 12 patients from a single institution”, Ann. Oncol. 9,167–172.
  • Waselenko, J. K., Flynn, J.M. and Byrd, J.C. (1999) “Stem-cell transplantation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the time for designing randomised studies has arrived”, Semin. Oncol. 26, 48–61.
  • Dreger, P., Michallet, M. and Schmitz, N. (2000) “Stem-cell transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the 1999 perspective”, Ann. Oncol. 11(Suppl. 1), S49–S53.
  • Esteve, J. and Montserrat, E. (2000) “Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: current status”, Rev. Clin. Exp. Hematol. 4,167–178.
  • Jacobs, P., Wood, L., Fullard, L., Waldmann, H. and Hale, G. (1994) “T cell depletion by exposure to Campath-1G in vitro prevents graft-versus-host disease”, Bone Marrow Transplant. 13, 763–769.
  • Jacobs, P. (1997) “Myelodsyplasia and the leukemias”, Disease-a-Month 43, 505–600.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.