Arterialization of Venous Blood for Differentiation of Sickle Cell Subjects in Vaso-occlusive Crisis

References

• Singer, K. and Fisher, B. (1952) "Studies on abnormal hemoglobins V. The distribution of type S sickle hemoglobin and type F (alkali resistant) hemoglobin within red cell population in sickle cell anemia", Blood 7, 1216–1224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singer, K. and Singer, L. (1953) "The gelling phenomena of sickle cell hemoglobin: its biological and diagnostic signifi-cance", Blood 8, 1008.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hebbel, R.P., Embury, S.H. Mohandas, N., et al. (1994) Sickle Cell Disease Basic Principles and Clinical Practice (Raven Press, New York), pp 163–172.
   Google Scholar
• Lonsdorfer, J., Bogui, P., Otaaayeck, A., Bursaux, E., Poyart, C. and Cabones, R. (1983) "Cardio-respiratory adjustments in chronic sickle cell anemia", Bull. Fur. Physiopathol. Respir. 19, 339–344.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Speroule, B.J., Halden, E.R. and Miller, W.F. (1958) "A study of cardiopulmonary alteration in patients with sickle cell disease and its variants", J. Clin. Investig. 37, 4861.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manfredi, E, Spoto, A.P., Saltzman, H.A. and Sieker, H.O. (1960) "Studies of peripheral circulation during sickle-cell crisis", Circulation 22, 602–607.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodgres, G.P., Schechter, A.N., Noguchi, C.T., Klein, H.G., Nienhuis, A.W. and Bonner, R.F. (1990) "Microcirculation adaptation in sickle cell anemia: reactive hyperemia response", Am. J. Physiol., H113–120.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nahavandi, M., Millis, R.H., Tavakkoli, E, Wyche, M.Q., Perlin, E. and Castro, O. (2002) "Arterialization of peripheral venous blood in sickle cell disease", J. Natl Med. Assoc. 94, 320–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charache, S., Terrin, M.L., Moore, R.S., et al. (1995) "Effect of hydroxyurea on the frequency of painful crisis in sickle cell anemia. Investigators of the multicenter study of hydroxyurea in sickle cell anemia", N. Engl. J. Med. 332, 1317–1322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Setty, B.N., Kulkami, S., Dampier, C.D. and Stuart, M. (2001) "Fetal Hemoglobin in sickle cell anemia: relationship to erythrocyte adhesion marker and adhesion", Blood 97, 2969–2973.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charache, S., Barton, F.B., Moore, R.D., et al. (1996) "Hydroxyurea and sickle cell anemia. Clinical utility of a myelosuppresive "switching" agent. The Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea in Sickle Cell Anemia", Medicine (Baltimore) 75, 300–326.
   Google Scholar
• Jiang, J., Jordan, S.J., Barr, D.P., et al. (1997) "In vivo production of nitric oxide in rats after administration of hydroxyurea", Mol. Pharmacol. 52, 1081–1089.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glover, R.E., Ivy, E.D., Orringer, E.P., Maeda, H. and Mason, R.P. (1999) "Detection of nitrosylhemoglobin in venous blood in the treatment of sickle cell anemia with hydroxyurea", Mol. Pharmacol. 55, 1006–1012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nahavandi, M., Wyche, Q.M., Perlin, E., Castro, O. and Tavakkoli, F. (2000) "Nitric oxide metabolites in sickle cell anemia patients after oral administration of hydroxyurea", Hematology 5, 335–339.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gladwin, M.T., Shelhamer, J.H., Ognibere, IF., Pawell, L.K., Schecther, A.N. and Rodgers, G.P. (2002) "Nitric oxide donor properties of hydroxyurea in patients with sickle cell disease", Br. J. Hematology 116, 435–442.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nahavandi, M., Tavakkoli, E, Wyche, M.Q., Perlin, E., Winter, W.P. and Castro, O. (2002) "Nitric oxide and cyclic GMP Levels in sickle cell Patients Receiving Hydroxyurea", Br. J. Hematology 119, 855–857.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ignarro, L.J., Adams, J.B., Horowitz, P.M. and Wood, KS. (1986) "Activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase by NO-heme proteins involves NO-heme exchange", J. Biol. Chem. 261, 4997–5002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvemini, D., Misko, T.P., Masferrer, J.L., Sibert, K., Curie, M.G. and Needelman, P. (1993) "Nitric oxide activates cydooxygenase enzymes", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 90, 7240–7244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikuta, T., Ausenda, S. and Cappellini, M.D. (2001) "Mechan-ism for fetal globin gene expression: Role of the soluble guanlyate cydase-cGMP-dependent protein kinase path-way", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98, 1847–1852.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Datta, M.C. (1985) "Prostaglandin E2 mediated effects on the synthesis of fetal and adult hemoglobin in blood erythroid bursts", Prostaglandins 29, 561–577.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moncada, S., Palmer, R.M. and Higgs, E.A. (1991) "Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology", Pharmacol. Rev. 43, 109–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman, J.E., Loscalzo, J., Barnard, M.R., Alpert, C. and Keaney, J.F. (1997) "Nitric oxide released from activated platelets inhibits platelet recruitment", J. Clin. Investig. 100, 350–356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubes, P., Suzuki, M., et al. (1991) "Nitric oxide: An endogenous modulator of leukocyte adhesion", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 88, 4651–4685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsao, P.S., Lewis, N.P., Alpert, S. and Cooke, J.P. (1995) "Exposure to shear stress alters endothelial adhesiveness: Role of nitric oxide", Circulation 92, 3513–3519.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Catherine, R., Libby, P., Pang, H.B., Ethnical, V.J., Ragavashith, T.B., Gimbrone, M.A., Shin, W.S. and Liao, J.K. (1995) "Nitric oxide decreases cytokine-induced endothelial activation. Nitric oxide selectively reduces endothelial expression of adhesion molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines", J. Clin. Investig. 1, 60–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashina, M. (2002) "Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for the treatment of chronic tension-type headache", Expert. Opin. Pharmacother. 3, 395–399.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hartrick, C.T. (2002) "Increased production of nitric oxide stimulated by interferon-gamma from peripheral blood monocytes in patients with complex regional pain syn-drome", Neurosci. Lett. 323, 75–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, G., Macdonald, R.L., Marton, L.S., Kowalczuk, A., Solenski, N.J. and Weir, B.K. (2001) "Hemoglobin increases endothelin-1 in endothelial cells by decreasing nitric oxide", Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 280, 824–830.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riedel, W. and Neeck, G. (2001) "Nociception, pain, and antinociception: current concepts", Z. Rheumatol. 60, 404–415.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doggrell, S.A. (2001) "Pharmacotherapy of intermittent claudication", Expert. Opin. Pharmacother. 2, 1725–1736.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lopez, B.L., Moon, L.D., Ballas, S.K. and Ma, X.L. (2000) "Sequential nitric oxide measurements during emergency department treatment", Am. J. Hematol. 64, 15–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardinier, M.B., Carver, J., Abraham, B.L., Wilson, J.B. and Huisman, T.H.J. (1982) "Further studies on the quantitation of the hemoglobins A, S, C and F in newborn babies with different hemoglobinopathies using high pressure liquid chromatography", Hemoglobin 6, 1–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braman, R.S. and Hendrix, S.A. (1989) "Nanogram nitrite and nitrate determination in environmental and biological materials by vanadium (H) reduction with chemilumine-scence detection", Anal. Chem. 61, 2715.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, W., Hintze, T.H. and Wolin, M.S. (1995) "An important signaling mechanism between vascular endothelium and parenchymal cells in the regulation of oxygen consumption", Circulation 92, 3505–3512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abreu, P., Llorente, E., Sanchez, J.J. and Gonzalez, M.C. (2000) "Nitric oxide inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase of rat median eminence", Life Sci. 67, 1941–1946.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Browning, K.N., Zheng, Z.L., Kreulen, D.L. and Travagli, R.A. (1998) "Effects of nitric oxide in cultured prevertebral sympathetic ganglion neurons", J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 286, 1086–1093.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, X., Zeng, W., Diaz, J., Lau, KS., Gukovskaya, A.C., Brown, R.J., Pandol, S.J. and Muallem, S. (1997) "Nitric oxide, nNOS and Ca2+ influx in rat pancreatic acinar and submandibular salivary gland cells", Cell Calcium 22, 217–228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalmau, M., Joaquin, M., Nakamura, T., Bartrons, R. and Gil, J. (1996) "Nitric oxide inhibits DNA synthesis and induces activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in cultured rat hepatocytes", Exp. Cell. Res. 228, 14–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunasekar, PG., Sun, P.W., Kanthasamy, A.G., Borowitz, J.L. and Isom, G.E. (1996) "Cyanide-induced neurotoxicity involves nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species generation after N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation", J. Pharmacol. Exp. Then 277, 150–155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, Z., Louderback, J.G., King, S.B., Ballas, S.K. and Kim-Shapiro, D.B. (2001) "In vitro exposure to hydroxyurea reduces sickle red blood cell deformability", Am. J. Hematol. 67, 151–156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Widness, J.A., Lowe, L.S., Stevenson, D.K., Vreman, H.J., Weiner, C.P., Hayde, M. and Pollak, A. (1994) "Direct relationship of fetal carboxyhemoglobin with hemolysis in alloimmunized pregnancies", Ped. Res. 35, 713–719.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iyamu, E.W., Fasold, H., Roa, D., del Pilar Aguinaga, M., Asakura, T. and Turner, E.A. (2001) "Hydroxyurea induced oxidative damage of normal and sickle cell hemoglobins in vitro: amelioration by radical scavengers", J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 15, 17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ware, R.E., Zimmerman, S.A. and Schultz, W.H. (1999) "Hydroxyurea as an alternative to blood transfusions for the prevention of recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell disease", Blood 94, 3022–3026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flynn, M.D., Hassan, A.A. and Tooke, J.E. (1989) "Effect of postural change and thermoregulatory stress on the capillary microcirculation of the human toe", Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 76, 231–236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell, C. (1983) "Vasodilator neurons supplying skin and skeletal muscle of the limbs", J. Auton. Nero. Syst. 7, 257–262.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yung, G.L., Channick, R.N., Fedullo, P.F., Auger, W.R., Kerr, K.M., Jamieson, S.W., Kapelanski, D.P. and Moser, K.M. (1998) "Successful pulmonary thromboendarterectomy in two patients with sickle cell disease", Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 157, 1690–1693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charache, S. (1996) "Treatment of sickling disorders", Curr. Opin. Hematol. 3, 139–144.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar