References
- Burnett A, Wetzler M, Lowenberg B. Therapeutic advances in acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:487–494. doi: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.30.1820
- Lowenberg B. Strategies in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica. 2004;89:1029–2032.
- Terpstra W, Lowenberg B. Application of myeloid growth factors in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 1997;11:315–327. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.leu.2400561
- Ohno R. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Res. 1998;22:1143–1154. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-2126(98)00117-9
- Geller RB. Use of cytokines in the treatment of acute myelocytic leukemia: a critical review. J Clin Oncol. 1996;14:1371–1382. doi: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1996.14.4.1371
- Bhalla K, Birkhofer M, Arlin Z, et al. Effect of recombinant GM-CSF on the metabolism of cytosine arabinoside in normal and leukemic human bone marrow cells. Leukemia. 1988;2:810–813.
- Miyauchi J, Kelleher CA, Wang C, et al. Growth factors influence the sensitivity of leukemic stem cells to cytosine arabinoside in culture. Blood. 1989;73:1272–1278.
- Kuderer NM, Dale DC, Crawford J, et al. Impact of primary prophylaxis with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on febrile neutropenia and mortality in adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a systematic review. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:3158–3167. doi: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2006.08.8823
- Wittman B, Horan J, Lyman GH. Prophylactic colony-stimulating factors in children receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cancer Treat Rev. 2006;32:289–303. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2006.03.002
- Aapro MS, Cameron DA, Pettengell R, et al. EORTC guidelines for the use of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to reduce the incidence of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in adult patients with lymphomas and solid tumours. Eur J Cancer. 2006;42:2433–2453. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2006.05.002
- Clark OA, Lyman GH, Castro AA, et al. Colony-stimulating factors for chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:4198–4214. doi: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.05.645
- Smith TJ, Khatcheressian J, Lyman GH, et al. 2006 update of recommendations for the use of white blood cell growth factors: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:3187–3205. doi: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2006.06.4451
- Brenner MK, Rill DR, Moen RC, et al. Gene-marking to trace origin of relapse after autologous bone-marrow transplantation. Lancet. 1993;341:85–86. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)92560-G
- Feller N, Schuurhuis GJ, van der Pol MA, et al. High percentage of CD34-positive cells in autologous AML peripheral blood stem cell products reflects inadequate in vivo purging and low chemotherapeutic toxicity in a subgroup of patients with poor clinical outcome. Leukemia. 2003;17:68–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.leu.2402781
- Vellenga E, Young DC, Wagner K, et al. The effects of GM-CSF and G-CSF in promoting growth of clonogenic cells in acute myeloblastic leukemia. Blood. 1987;69:1771–1776.
- Lowenberg B, Touw IP. Hematopoietic growth factors and their receptors in acute leukemia. Blood. 1993;81:281–292.
- Czerw T, Labopin M, Gorin NC, et al. Use of G-CSF to hasten neutrophil recovery after auto-SCT for AML is not associated with increased relapse incidence: a report from the acute leukemia working party of the EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2014;49:950–954. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2014.64
- Higgins JPT. Cochrane collaboration handbook for systematic reviews of interventions Version 5.1.0. The Cochrane Collaboration; 2011 [updated 2011 Mar]. Available from: www.cochrane-handbook.org.
- Parmar MK, Torri V, Stewart L. Extracting summary statistics to perform meta-analyses of the published literature for survival endpoints. Stat Med. 1998;17:2815–2834. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19981230)17:24<2815::AID-SIM110>3.0.CO;2-8
- Sterne JA, Sutton AJ, Ioannidis JP, et al. Recommendations for examining and interpreting funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. Br Med J. 2011;343:d4002. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d4002
- Krug U, Berdel WE, Gale RP, et al. Increasing intensity of therapies assigned at diagnosis does not improve survival of adults with acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2016;30:1230–1236. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2016.25
- Gao L, Wen Q, Chen X, et al. Effects of priming with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on conditioning regimen for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a multicenter randomized controlled study in southwest China. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2014;20:1932–1939. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.08.001
- Pabst T, Vellenga E, van Putten W, et al. Favorable effect of priming with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in remission induction of acute myeloid leukemia restricted to dose escalation of cytarabine. Blood. 2012;119:5367–5673. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-11-389841
- Beksac M, Ali R, Ozcelik T, et al. Short and long term effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor during induction therapy in acute myeloid leukemia patients younger than 65: results of a randomized multicenter phase III trial. Leuk Res. 2011;35:340–345. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2010.07.005
- Milligan DW, Wheatley K, Littlewood T, et al. Fludarabine and cytosine are less effective than standard ADE chemotherapy in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia, and addition of G-CSF and ATRA are not beneficial: results of the MRC AML-HR randomized trial. Blood. 2006;107:4614–4622. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-10-4202
- Lowenberg B, van Putten W, Theobald M, et al. Effect of priming with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on the outcome of chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:743–752. doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa025406
- Kern W, Aul C, Maschmeyer G, et al. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor shortens duration of critical neutropenia and prolongs disease-free survival after sequential high-dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone (S-HAM) salvage therapy for refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. German AML cooperative group. Ann Hematol. 1998;77:115–122. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002770050425
- Thomas X, Fenaux P, Dombret H, et al. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to increase efficacy of intensive sequential chemotherapy with etoposide, mitoxantrone and cytarabine (EMA) in previously treated acute myeloid leukemia: a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial (EMA91 trial). Leukemia. 1999;13:1214–1220. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.leu.2401474
- Laver J, Shearer P, Krance R, et al. A pilot study of continuous infusion Ara-C in combination with rhG-CSF in relapsed childhood acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 1997;26:589–593. doi: https://doi.org/10.3109/10428199709050894
- Heil G, Chadid L, Hoelzer D, et al. GM-CSF in a double-blind randomized, placebo controlled trial in therapy of adult patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Leukemia. 1995;9:3–9.
- Estey E, Thall PF, Kantarjian H, et al. Treatment of newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) before and during continuous-infusion high-dose ara-C + daunorubicin: comparison to patients treated without GM-CSF. Blood. 1992;79:2246–2255.
- Kantarjian H, O'Brien S, Jabbour E, et al. Effectiveness of homoharringtonine (omacetaxine mepesuccinate) for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia: a meta-analysis of Chinese studies. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2015;15:13–21. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clml.2014.09.011
- Wei G, Ni W, Chiao JW, et al. A meta-analysis of CAG (cytarabine, aclarubicin, G-CSF) regimen for the treatment of 1029 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. J Hematol Oncol. 2011;4:46. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-8722-4-46
- Gurion R, Belnik-Plitman Y, Gafter-Gvili A, et al. Colony-stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;6:CD008238.
- Lyman GH, Dale DC, Wolff DA, et al. Acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome in randomized controlled clinical trials of cancer chemotherapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: a systematic review. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:2914–2924. doi: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2009.25.8723
- Jackson GH. Use of fludarabine in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Hematol J. 2004;5(Suppl 1):S62–S67. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.thj.6200392
- Creutzig U, Semmler J, Kaspers GL, et al. Re-induction with L-DNR/FLAG improves response after AML relapse, but not long-term survival. Klin Padiatr. 2014;226(6-7):323–331.
- Yavuz S, Paydas S, Disel U, et al. IDA-FLAG regimen for the therapy of primary refractory and relapse acute leukemia: a single-center experience. Am J Ther. 2006;13:389–393. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mjt.0000181690.21601.09