Publication Cover
Stress
The International Journal on the Biology of Stress
Volume 8, 2005 - Issue 2
1,297
Views
122
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Social isolation stress-induced aggression in mice: A model to study the pharmacology of neurosteroidogenesis

, , , &
Pages 85-93 | Received 28 Feb 2005, Accepted 02 May 2005, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Bell R, Hepper PG. 1987. Catecholamines and aggression in animals. Behav Brain Res 23:1–21.
  • Costa E, Guidotti A. 1996. Benzodiazepines on trial: A research strategy for their rehabilitation. Trends Pharmacol Sci 17:192–200.
  • Dong E, Matsumoto K, Uzunova V, Sugaya I, Takahata H, Nomura H, Watanabe H, Costa E, Guidotti A. 2001. Brain 5adihydroprogesterone and allopregnanolone synthesis in a mouse model of protracted social isolation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:2849–2854.
  • Follesa P, Concas A, Porcu P, Sanna E, Serra M, Mostallino MC, Purdy RH, Biggio G. 2001. Role of allopregnanolone in regulation of GABAA receptor plasticity during long-term exposure to and withdrawal from progesterone. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 37:81–90.
  • Griffin LD, Mellon SH. 1999. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors directly alter activity of neurosteroidogenic enzymes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:13512–13517.
  • Guidotti A, Costa E. 1998. Can the antidysphoric and anxiolytic profiles of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors be related to their ability to increase brain 3 alpha, 5 alpha-tetrahydroprogesterone (allopregnanolone) availability? Biol Psychiatry 44:865–873.
  • Guidotti A, Dong E, Matsumoto K, Pinna G, Rasmusson AM, Costa E. 2001. The socially-isolated mouse: A model to study the putative role of allopregnanolone and 5adihydroprogesterone in psychiatric disorders. Brain Res Rev 37:110–115.
  • Hatch AM, Balazs T, Wiberg GS, Grice HC. 1963. Long-term isolation in rats. Science 142:507–508.
  • Hilakivi LA, Ota M, Lister RG. 1989. Effect of isolation on brain monoamines and the behavior of mice in tests of exploration, locomotion, anxiety and behavioral ”despair”. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 33:371–374.
  • Jones GH, Hernandez TD, Kendall DA, Marsden CA, Robbins TW. 1992. Dopaminergic and serotonergic function following isolation rearing in rats: Study of behavioural responses and postmortem and in vivo neurochemistry. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 43:17–35.
  • Kaminski RM, Livingood MR, Rogawski MA. 2004. Allopregnanolone analogs that positively modulate GABA receptors protect against partial seizures induced by 6Hz electrical stimulation in mice. Epilepsia 45:864–867.
  • Kim JW, Kirkpatrick B. 1996. Social isolation in animal models of relevance to neuropsychiatric disorders. Biol Psychiatry 40:918–922.
  • Lambert JJ, Belelli D, Hill-Venning C, Peters JA. 1995. Neurosteroids and GABAA receptor function. Trends Pharmacol Sci 16:295–303.
  • Lambert JJ, Belelli D, Peden DR, Vardy AW, Peters JA. 2003. Neurosteroid modulation of GABAA receptors. Prog Neurobiol 71:67–80.
  • Majewska MD. 1992. Neurosteroids: Endogenous bimodal modulators of GABAA receptor. Mechanism of action and physiological significance. Prog Neurobiol 38:379–395.
  • Matsumoto K, Ojima K, Watanabe H. 1995. Noradrenergic denervation attenuates desipramine enhancement of aggressive behavior in isolated mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 50:481–484.
  • Matsumoto K, Ojima K, Watanabe H. 1996. Neurosteroidal modulation of social-isolation stress-induced decrease in pentobarbital sleep in mice. Brain Res 708:1–6.
  • Matsumoto K, Ojima K,Watanabe H. 1997. Central corticotropinreleasing factor and benzodiazepine receptor systems are involved in the social isolation stress-induced decrease in ethanol sleep in mice. Brain Res 753:318–321.
  • Matsumoto K, Uzunova V, Pinna G, Taki K, Uzunov DP,Watanabe H, Mienville JM, Guidotti A, Costa E. 1999. Permissive role of brain allopregnanolone content in the regulation of pentobarbital-induced righting reflex loss. Neuropharmacology 38:955–963.
  • Matsumoto K, Nomura H, Murakami Y, Taki K, Takahata H, Watanabe H. 2003. Long-term social isolation enhances picrotoxin seizure susceptibility in mice: Upregulatory role of endogenous brain allopregnanolone in GABAergic systems. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 75:831–835.
  • Mellon SH, Griffin LD. 2002. Neurosteroids: Biochemistry and clinical significance. Trends Endocrinol Metab 13:35–43.
  • Mellon SH, Griffin LD, Compagnone NA. 2001. Biosynthesis and action of neurosteroids. Brain Res Rev 37:3–12.
  • Ojima K, Matsumoto K, Tohda M, Watanabe H. 1995. Hyperactivity of central noradrenergic and CRF systems is involved in social isolation-induced decrease in pentobarbital sleep. Brain Res 684:87–94.
  • Ojima K, Matsumoto K, Watanabe H. 1997. Flumazenil reverses the decrease in the hypnotic activity of pentobarbital by social isolation stress: Are endogenous benzodiazepine receptor ligands involved? Brain Res 745:127–133.
  • Paul SM, Purdy RH. 1992. Neuroactive steroids. FASEB J 6:2311–2322.
  • Pinna G, Uzunova V, Matsumoto K, Puia G, Mienville J-M, Costa E, Guidotti A. 2000. Brain allopregnanolone regulates the potency of the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol. Neuropharmacology 39:440–448.
  • Pinna G, Dong E, Matsumoto K, Costa E, Guidotti A. 2003. In socially isolated mice, the reversal of brain allopregnanolone down-regulation mediates the anti-aggressive action of fluoxetine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:2035–2040.
  • Pinna G, Costa E, Guidottim A. 2004. Fluoxetine and norfluoxetine stereospecifically facilitate pentobarbital sedation by increasing neurosteroids. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:6222–6225.
  • Pinna G, Costa E, Guidotti A. 2005. Changes in brain testosterone and allopregnanolone biosynthesis elicit aggressive behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:2135–2140.
  • Prince RJ, Simmonds MA. 1993. Differential antagonism by epipregnanolone of alphaxalone and pregnanolone potentiation of [3H]flunitrazepam binding suggests more than one class of binding site for steroids at GABAA receptors. Neuropharmacology 32:59–63.
  • Puia G, Santi MR, Vicini S, Pritchett DB, Purdy RH, Paul SM, Seeburg PH, Costa E. 1990. Neurosteroids act on recombinant human GABAA receptors. Neuron 4:759–765.
  • Puia G, Ducic I, Vicini S, Costa E. 1993. Does neurosteroid modulatory efficacy depend on GABAA receptor subunit composition? Recept Channels 1:135–142.
  • Puia G, Mienville J-M, Matsumoto K, Takahata H, Watanabe H, Costa E, Guidotti A. 2003. On the putative physiological role of allopregnanolone on GABAA receptor function. Neuropharmacology 44:49–55.
  • Rilke O, Freier D, Jahkel M, Oehler J. 1998. Dynamic alterations of serotonergic metabolism and receptors during social isolation of low- and high-active mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 59:891–896.
  • Romeo E, Strohle A, Spalletta G, diMichele F, Hermann B, Holsboer F, Pasini A, Rupprecht R. 1998. Effects of antidepressant treatment on neuroactive steroids in major depression. Am J Psychiatry 155:910–913.
  • Rupprecht R. 2003. Neuroactive steroids: Mechanisms of action and neuropsychopharmacological properties. Psychoneuroendocrinology 28:139–168.
  • Rupprecht R, Holsboer F. 1999. Neuroactive steroids: Mechanisms of action and neuropsychopharmacological perspectives. Trends Neurosci 22:410–415.
  • Sakaue M, Ago Y, Sowa C,Sakamoto Y,Nishihara B,Koyama Y, Baba A, Matsuda T. 2002. Modulation by 5-HT2A receptors of aggressive behavior in isolated mice. Jpn J Pharmacol 89:89–92.
  • Sanchez C, Hyttel J. 1994. Isolation-induced aggression in mice: Effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitors and involvement of postsynaptic 5-HTzA receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 264:241–247.
  • Serra M, Pisu MG, Littera M, Papi G, Sanna E, Tuveri F, Usala L, Purdy RH, Biggio G. 2000. Social isolation-induced decreases in both the abundance of neuroactive steroids and GABAA receptor function in rat brain. J Neurochem 75:732–740.
  • Smith SS, Gong QH, Hsu FC, Markowitz RS, ffrench-Mullen JM, Li X. 1998. GABAA receptor alpha4 subunit suppression prevents withdrawal properties of an endogenous steroid. Nature 392:926–930.
  • Uzunova V, Sheline Y, Davis JM, Rasmusson A, Uzunov DP, Costa E, Guidotti A. 1998. Increase in the cerebrospinal fluid content of neurosteroids in patients with unipolar depression who are receiving fluoxetine or fluvoxamine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:3239–3244.
  • Uzunova V, Wrynn AS, Kinnunen A, Ceci M, Kohler C, Uzunov DP. 2004. Chronic antidepressants reverse cerebrocortical allopregnanolone decline in the olfactory-bulbectomized rat. Eur J Pharmacol 486:31–34.
  • Valzelli L. 1973. The “Isolation Syndrome” in mice. Psychopharma -cologia (Berl) 31:305–320.
  • Walsh M-T, Dinan TG. 2001. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and violence: A review of the available evidence. Acta Psychiatr Scand 104:84–91.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.