Glucocorticoid action networks and complex psychiatric and/or somatic disorders

References

• Alevizaki M, Cimponeriu A, Lekakis J, Papamichael C, Chrousos GP. High anticipatory stress plasma cortisol levels and sensitivity to glucocorticoids predict severity of coronary artery disease in subjects undergoing coronary angiography. Metabolism 2007; 56(2)222–226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buemann B, Black E, Holst C, Toubro S, Echwald S, Pedersen O, Astrup A, Sorensen T. The N363S polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor and metabolic syndrome factors in men. Obes Res 2005; 13(5)862–867
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buemann B, Vohl MC, Chagnon M, Chagnon YC, Gagnon J, Perusse L, Dionne F, Despres JP, Tremblay A, Nadeau A, Bouchard C. Abdominal visceral fat is associated with a BclI restriction fragment length polymorphism at the glucocorticoid receptor gene locus. Obes Res 1997; 5(3)186–192
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Charmandari E, Kino T, Chrousos GP. Glucocorticoids and their actions: An introduction. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004; 1024: 1–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrousos GP. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune-mediated inflammation. N Engl J Med 1995; 332(20)1351–1362
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrousos GP. Stressors, stress, and neuroendocrine integration of the adaptive response. Ann NY Acad Sci 1998; 851: 311–335, The 1997 Hans Selye Memorial Lecture
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrousos GP. The role of stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome: Neuro-endocrine and target tissue-related causes. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000a; 24(Suppl 2)S50–S55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrousos GP. The stress response and immune function: Clinical implications. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000b; 917: 38–67, The 1999 Novera H. Spector lecture
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrousos GP. Glucocorticoid therapy. Endocrinology and metabolism4th ed., P Flig, L Frohman. McGraw-Hill, New York 2001; 609–632
   Google Scholar
• Chrousos GP. The glucocorticoid receptor gene, longevity, and the complex disorders of Western societies. Am J Med 2004; 117(3)204–207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrousos GP, Kino T. Intracellular glucocorticoid signaling: A formerly simple system turns stochastic. Sci STKE 2005; 2005(304)pe48
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chrousos GP, Charmandari E, Kino T. Glucocorticoid action networks—an introduction to systems biology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89(2)563–564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrousos GP, Detera-Wadleigh SD, Karl M. Syndromes of glucocorticoid resistance. Ann Intern Med 1993; 119(11)1113–1124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeRijk R, de Kloet ER. Corticosteroid receptor genetic polymorphisms and stress responsivity. Endocrine 2005; 28(3)263–270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobson MG, Redfern CP, Unwin N, Weaver JU. The N363S polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor: Potential contribution to central obesity in men and lack of association with other risk factors for coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86(5)2270–2274
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franchimont D, Kino T, Galon J, Meduri GU, Chrousos G. Glucocorticoids and inflammation revisited: The state of the art. Neuroimmunomodulation 2003; 10(5)247–260, NIH clinical staff conference
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman TC, Mastorakos G, Newman TD, Mullen NM, Horton EG, Costello R, Papadopoulos NM, Chrousos GP. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in endogenous hypercortisolism: Shared features with metabolic syndrome X and NIDDM. Endocr J 1996; 43(6)645–655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galon J, Franchimont D, Hiroi N, Frey G, Boettner A, Ehrhart-Bornstein M, O'Shea JJ, Chrousos GP, Bornstein SR. Gene profiling reveals unknown enhancing and suppressive actions of glucocorticoids on immune cells. FASEB J 2002; 16(1)61–71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Organization of the stress system and its dysregulation in melancholic and atypical depression: High vs. low CRH/NE states. Mol Psychiatry 2002; 7(3)254–275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huizenga NA, Koper JW, De Lange P, Pols HA, Stolk RP, Burger H, Grobbee DE, Brinkmann AO, De Jong FH, Lamberts SW. A polymorphism in the glucocorticoid receptor gene may be associated with and increased sensitivity to glucocorticoids in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83(1)144–151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichijo T, Voutetakis A, Cotrim AP, Bhattachryya N, Fujii M, Chrousos GP, Kino T. The Smad6-histone deacetylase 3 complex silences the transcriptional activity of the glucocorticoid receptor: Potential clinical implications. J Biol Chem 2005; 280(51)42067–42077
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kino T, Chrousos GP. Tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor- and Fas-associated FLASH inhibit transcriptional activity of the glucocorticoid receptor by binding to and interfering with its interaction with p160 type nuclear receptor coactivators. J Biol Chem 2003; 278(5)3023–3029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kino T, Chrousos GP. Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors and associated diseases. Essays Biochem 2004; 40: 137–155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kino T, Charmandari E, Chrousos GP. Basic and clinical implications of glucocorticoid action -focus on development. Horm Metab Res 2003a; 35(10)628–648, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. june 17–18, 2003. Introduction and abstracts
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kino T, De Martino MU, Charmandari E, Mirani M, Chrousos GP. Tissue glucocorticoid resistance/hypersensitivity syndromes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2003b; 85(2–5)457–467
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kino T, Ichijo T, Chrousos GP. FLASH interacts with p160 coactivator subtypes and differentially suppresses transcriptional activity of steroid hormone receptors. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2004; 92(5)357–363
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kino T, Souvatzoglou E, De Martino MU, Tsopanomihalu M, Wan Y, Chrousos GP. Protein 14-3-3sigma interacts with and favors cytoplasmic subcellular localization of the glucocorticoid receptor, acting as a negative regulator of the glucocorticoid signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2003; 278(28)25651–25656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kino T, Souvatzoglou E, Charmandari E, Ichijo T, Driggers P, Mayers C, Alatsatianos A, Manoli I, Westphal H, Chrousos GP, Segars JH. Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor Brx couples extracellular signals to the glucocorticoid signaling system. J Biol Chem 2006; 281(14)9118–9126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kino T, Vottero A, Chrousos GP. Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors. Nuclear receptor and genetic disease, TP Burris, ERB McCabe. Academic Press, London 2001; 297–307
   Google Scholar
• Lanz RB, McKenna NJ, Onate SA, Albrecht U, Wong J, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, O'Malley BW. A steroid receptor coactivator, SRA, functions as an RNA and is present in an SRC-1 complex. Cell 1999; 97(1)17–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin RC, Wang WY, Morris BJ. High penetrance, overweight, and glucocorticoid receptor variant: Case-control study. BMJ 1999; 319(7221)1337–1338
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lu NZ, Cidlowski JA. Translational regulatory mechanisms generate N-terminal glucocorticoid receptor isoforms with unique transcriptional target genes. Mol Cell 2005; 18(3)331–342
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marti A, Ochoa MC, Sanchez-Villegas A, Martinez JA, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Hebebrand J, Hinney A, Vedder H. Meta-analysis on the effect of the N363S polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor gene (GRL) on human obesity. BMC Med Genet 2006; 7: 50–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwen BS. Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. N Engl J Med 1998; 338(3)171–179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller WL, Chrousos GP. The adrenal cortex. Endocrinology and metabolism4th ed., P Felig, LA Frohman. McGraw-Hill, New York 2001; 387–524
   Google Scholar
• Panarelli M, Holloway CD, Fraser R, Connell JM, Ingram MC, Anderson NH, Kenyon CJ. Glucocorticoid receptor polymorphism, skin vasoconstriction, and other metabolic intermediate phenotypes in normal human subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83(6)1846–1852
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papanicolaou DA, Wilder RL, Manolagas SC, Chrousos GP. The pathophysiologic roles of interleukin-6 in human disease. Ann Intern Med 1998; 128(2)127–137
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips DI, Barker DJ, Fall CH, Seckl JR, Whorwood CB, Wood PJ, Walker BR. Elevated plasma cortisol concentrations: A link between low birth weight and the insulin resistance syndrome?. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83(3)757–760
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosmond R, Chagnon YC, Holm G, Chagnon M, Perusse L, Lindell K, Carlsson B, Bouchard C, Bjorntorp P. A glucocorticoid receptor gene marker is associated with abdominal obesity, leptin, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Obes Res 2000; 8(3)211–218
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stevens A, Ray DW, Zeggini E, John S, Richards HL, Griffiths CE, Donn R. Glucocorticoid sensitivity is determined by a specific glucocorticoid receptor haplotype. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89(2)892–897
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Syed AA, Irving JA, Redfern CP, Hall AG, Unwin NC, White M, Bhopal RS, Weaver JU. Association of glucocorticoid receptor polymorphism A3669G in exon 9beta with reduced central adiposity in women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14(5)759–764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ukkola O, Rosmond R, Tremblay A, Bouchard C. Glucocorticoid receptor Bcl I variant is associated with an increased atherogenic profile in response to long-term overfeeding. Atherosclerosis 2001; 157(1)221–224
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Rossum EF, Lamberts SW. Polymorphisms in the glucocorticoid receptor gene and their associations with metabolic parameters and body composition. Recent Prog Horm Res 2004; 59: 333–357
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Rossum EF, Koper JW, Huizenga NA, Uitterlinden AG, Janssen JA, Brinkmann AO, Grobbee DE, de Jong FH, van Duyn CM, Pols HA, Lamberts SW. A polymorphism in the glucocorticoid receptor gene, which decreases sensitivity to glucocorticoids in vivo, is associated with low insulin and cholesterol levels. Diabetes 2002; 51(10)3128–3134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Rossum EF, Voorhoeve PG, te Velde SJ, Koper JW, Delemarre-van de Waal HA, Kemper HC, Lamberts SW. The ER22/23EK polymorphism in the glucocorticoid receptor gene is associated with a beneficial body composition and muscle strength in young adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89(8)4004–4009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weaver JU, Hitman GA, Kopelman PG. An association between a Bc1I restriction fragment length polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor locus and hyperinsulinaemia in obese women. J Mol Endocrinol 1992; 9(3)295–300
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wust S, Van Rossum EF, Federenko IS, Koper JW, Kumsta R, Hellhammer DH. Common polymorphisms in the glucocorticoid receptor gene are associated with adrenocortical responses to psychosocial stress. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89(2)565–573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar