Effects of An Oral Mixture Containing Glycine, Glutamine and Niacin on Memory, GH and IGF-I Secretion in Middle-aged and Elderly Subjects

References

• Aleman, A., Verhaar, de Haan, E.H.F., de Vries, W.R., Samson, M.M., Drent, M.L., van der Veen, E.A. and Koppeschaar, H.P.F. (1999 ) “Insulin-like growth factor-I and cognitive function in healthy older men”, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 84, 471–475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burman, P., Broman, J.E., Hetta, J., Wirklund, I., Erfurth, E.M., Hagg, E. and Karlsson, F.A. (1995 ) “Quality of life in adults with growth hormone (GH) deficiency, response to treatment with recombinant human GH in a placebo-controlled 21 month trial”, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 80, 3585–3590.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson, H.E. and Shah, J.H. (1989 ) “Aspartame and its constituent amino acids, effects on prolactin, cortisol, growth hormone, insulin, and glucose in normal humans”, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 49, 427–432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deijen, J.B., de Boer, H., Blok, G.J. and van der Veen, E.A. (1996 ) “Cognitive impairments and mood disturbances in growth hormone deficient men”, Psychoneuroendocrinology 21, 313–322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deijen, J.B., de Boer, H. and van der Veen, E.A. (1998 ) “Cognitive changes during growth hormone replacement in adult men”, Psychoneuroendocrinology 23, 45–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friend, K., Iranmanesh, A. and Veldhuis, J.D. (1996 ) “The orderliness of the growth hormone (GH) release process and the mean mass of GH secreted per burst are highly conserved in individual men on successive days”, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81, 3746–3753.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorgensen, J.O.L., Blum, W.F., Moller, N., Ranke, M.B. and Christiansen, J.S. (1991 ) “Short-term changes in serum insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and IGF binding protein 3 after different modes of intravenous growth hormone (GH) exposure in GH-deficient patients”, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 72, 582–587.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalmijn, S., Janssen, J.A.M.J.L., Pols, H.A.P., Lamberts, S.W.J. and Breteler, M.M.B. (2000 ) “A prospective study on circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding proteins, and cognitive function in the elderly”, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 85, 4551–4555.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasai, K., Kobayashi, M. and Shimoda, S.I. (1978 ) “Stimulatory effect of glycine on human growth hormone secretion”, Metabolism 27, 201–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasai, K., Suzuki, H., Nakamura, T., Shiina, H. and Shimoda, S.I. (1980 ) “Glycine stimulated growth hormone release in man”, Acta Endocrinologica 93, 283–286.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Khorram, O. (2001 ) “Use of growth hormone and growth hormone secretagogues in aging, help or harm”, Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 44, 893–901.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhara, T., Ikeda, S., Ohneda, A. and Sasaki, Y. (1991 ) “Effects of intravenous infusion of 17 amino acids on the secretion of GH, glucagon, and insulin in sheep”, American Journal of Physiology 260, E21–E26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai, Z., Roos, P., Zhai, O., Olsson, Y., Fholenhag, K., Larsson, C. and Nyberg, F. (1993 ) “Age-related reduction of human growth hormone-binding sites in the human brain”, Brain Research 621, 260–266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanes, R., Lunar, L., Carrillo, E., Villaroel, O., Gunczler, P. and Palacios, A. (2000 ) “Acipimox, a nicotinic acid analog, stimulates growth hormone secretion in short healthy prepubertal children”, Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 13,1115–1120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Letz, R. (1993) NES2 User’s Manual, version 4.6. Copyright 1993, Neurobehavioral Systems, Inc. Nyberg, F. (2000) “Growth hormone in the brain, characteristics of specific brain targets for the hormone and their functional significance. Front”, Neuroendocrinology 21, 330–348.
   Google Scholar
• Rollero, A., Murialdo, G., Fonzi, S., Garrone, S., Gianelli, M.V., Gazzerro, E., Barreca, A. and Polleri, A. (1998 ) “Relationship between cognitive function, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I plasma levels in aged subjects”, Neuropsychobiology 38, 73–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sartin, J.L., Barthol, F.F., Kemppainen, R.J., Dieberg, G., Buxton, D. and Soyoola, E. (1988 ) “Modulation of growth hormone- releasing factor stimulated growth hormone secretion by plasma glucose and free fatty acid concentrations in sheep”, Neuroendocrinology 48, 627–633.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuhfried, G. (1992) The PC/S Vienna Test System. Test Management Program. Dr. G. Schuhfried, Modeling, Austria.
   Google Scholar
• Span, J.P.T., Pieters, G.F.F.F., Sweep, C.G.J., Hermus, A.R.M.M. and Smals, A.G.H. (2000 ) “Gender difference in insulin-like growth factor I response to growth hormone (GH) treatment in GH-deficient adults, role of sex hormone replacement”, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 85, 1121–1125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Berg, G., Veldhuis, J.D., Frolich, M. and Roelfsema, F. (1996 ) “An amplitude-specific divergence in the pulsatile mode of growth hormone (GH) secretion underlies the gender difference in mean GH concentrations in men and premenopausal women”, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81, 2460–2467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veldhuis, J.D. (1998 ) “Neuroendocrine control of pulsatile growth hormone release in the human, relationship with gender”, Growth Hormone and IGF Research 8, 49–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodruff-Pak, D.S. (1997) The Neuropsychology of Aging (Blackwell Publishers Ltd., Oxford ), Chapter 11.
   Google Scholar