A Diet Enriched in α-Lipoic Acid Reverses the Age-Related Compromise in Antioxidant Defences in Rat Cortical Tissue

References

• Bienwenga, G.P., Haenen, G.R. and Bast, A. (1997) The pharmacology of the antioxidant lipoic acid. General Pharmacology, 29, 315–331.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bierhaus, A., Chevion, S., Chevion, M., Hofmann, M., Quehenberger, P., Illmer, T., Luther, T., Berentshtein, E., Trirschler, H., Muller, M., Wahl, P., Ziegler, R. and Nawroth, P.P. (1997) Advanced glycation end product-induced activation of NF-kappa B is suppressed by alpha-lipoic acid in cultured endothelial cells. Diabetes, 46, 1482–1490.
   Google Scholar
• Borg, L.A., Cagliero, E., Sandler, S., Welsh, N. and Eizirik, D.L. (1992) Interleukin-1β increases the activity of superoxide dismutase in rat pancreatic islets. Endocrinology, 130, 2851–2857.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradford, M.M. (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of proteins utilizing the principle of protein dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron, N.E. and Cotter, M.A. (1996) Interaction between oxidative stress and γ-linolenic acid in impaired neurovascular function of diabetic rats. American Journal of Physiology (Endocrinology and Metabolism, 34), E471–E476.
   Google Scholar
• Cao, X. and Phillis, J.W. (1995) The free radical scavenger, alpha lipoic acid, protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils. Free Radical Research, 23, 265–279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, G., Kim, M. and Ogwu, V. (1996) A modified catalase assay suitable for a plate reader and for the analysis of brain cell cultures. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 67, 53–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De La Torre, R., Casado, A., Lopez-Fernandez, E., Carrascosa, D., Ramirez, V. and Saez, J. (1996) Overexpression of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase in trisomy 21. Experientia, 52, 871–873.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• De Man, J.G., De Winter, B.Y., Boeckxstaens, G.E., Herman, A.G. and Pelckmans, PA. (1996) Effect of thiol modulators and Cn/Zn superoxide dismutase inhibition on nitrergic relaxations in the rat gastric fundus. Br. J. Pharmacol., 119, 1022–1028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dexter, D.T., Carter, C.J., Wells, F.R., Javoy-Agid, F., Agid, Y., Lees, A., Jenner, P. and Marsden, C.D. (1989) Basal lipid peroxidation in substantia nigra is increased in Parkinson's Disease. Journal of Neurochemistry, 52, 381–389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geremia, E., Baratta, D., Zafarana, S., Giordano, R., Pinizzotto, M.R., La Rosa, M.G. and Garozzo, A. (1990) Antioxidant enzymatic systems in neuronal and glial cell-enriched fractions of rat brain during aging. Neurochemical Research, 15, 719–723.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurney, M.E., Cutting, F.B., Zhai, P., Andrus, P.K. and Hall, E.D. (1996) Pathogenic mechanisms in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis due to mutation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Pathological Biology, 44, 51–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haan, E.A. and Bowen, D.M. (1981) Protection of neocortical prisms from freeze-thaw injury by dimethylsulphoxide. Journal of Neurochemistry, 37, 243–246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence, R.A. and Burk, R.F. (1976) Glutathione peroxidase activity in selenium-deficient rat liver. Biochemical Biophysical Research Communications, 71, 952–959.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebel, C.P. and Bondy, S.C. (1990) Sensitive and rapid quantitation of oxygen reactive species formation in rat synaptosomes. Neurochemistry International, 17, 435–440.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, M.A. (1998) Age-related impairment in long-term potentiation in hippocampus: a role for the cytokine, interleukin-1β? Progress in Neurobiology, 56, 571–589.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, M.A. and Voss, K.L. (1994) Membrane arachidonic acid concentration correlates with age and induction of long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus in the rat. European Journal of Neuroscience, 6, 1008–1014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGahon, B., Clements, M.P. and Lynch, M.A. (1997) The ability of aged rats to sustain long-term potentiation is restored when the age-related decrease in membrane arachidonic acid concentration is reversed. Neuroscience, 81, 9–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGahon, B.M., Martin, D.S.D., Horrobin, D.F. and Lynch, M.A. (1999) Age-related changes in synaptic function: analysis of the effect of dietary supplementation with ω-3 fatty acids. Neuroscience, 94, 305–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGahon, B.M., Murray, C.A., Horrobin, D.F. and Lynch, M.A. (2000a) Age-related changes in oxidative mechanisms and LTP are reversed by dietary manipulation. Neurobiology of Aging (in press).
   Google Scholar
• McGahon, B.M., Martin, D.S.D., Horrobin, D.F. and Lynch, M.A. (2000b) Age-related changes in LTP and antioxidant defences are reversed by an α-lipoic acid-enriched diet. Neurobiology of Aging (in press).
   Google Scholar
• Miwa, H., Yamamoto, M. and Nishida, T. (1986) Assay of free and total fatty acids (as 2-nitrophenylhydrazides) by high performance liquid chromatography. Clinica Chimica Acta, 155, 95–102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, C. and Lynch, M.A. (1998a) Evidence that increased hippocampal expression of the cytokine, IL-1β, is a common trigger for age and stress-induced impairments in long-term potentiation. Journal of Neuroscience, 18, 2974–2981.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, C. and Lynch, M.A. (1998b) Analysis of the mechanism by which dietary supplementation with vitamin E and vitamin C restores ability of aged animals to sustain long-term potentiation in dentate gyrus. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273, 12161–12168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, C.A., Clements, M.P. and Lynch, M.A. (1999) Interleukin-1 induces lipid peroxidation and membrane changes in rat hippocampus. Gerontology, 45, 136–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nickander, K.K., McPhee, B.R., Low, P.A. and Tritschler, H. (1996) Alpha-lipoic acid: antioxidant potency against lipid peroxidation of neural tissue in vitro and implications for diabetic neuropathy. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, 21, 631–639.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Donnell, E. and Lynch, M.A. (1998) Age-related changes in handling reactive oxygen species in cortical tissue: effect of dietary manipulation with vitamins E and C. Neurobiology of Aging, 19, 461–467.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Omaye, S.T., Turnbull, J.D. and Sauberlich, H.E. (1979) Selected methods for the determination of ascorbic acid in animal cells, tissues and fluids. In: Methods in Enzymology Vol. 62: pp. 3–13, Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Packer, L. (1998) Alpha-lipoic acid: a metabolic antioxidant which regulates NF-kappa B signal transduction and protects against oxidative injury. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 30, 245–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panigrahi, M., Sadguna, Y., Shivakumar, B.R., Kolluri, S.V., Roy, S., Packer, L. and Ravindranath, V. (1996) Alpha-lipoic acid protects against reperfusion injury following cerebral ischemia in rats. Brain Research, 717, 184–188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reiter, R.J. (1995) Oxidative processes and antioxidative defence mechanisms in the aging brain. FASEB Journal, 9, 526–533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spitz, D.R. and Oberley, L.W. (1989) An assay for superoxide dismutase activity in mammalian tissue homogenates. Analytical Biochemistry, 179, 8–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sumoski, W., Baquerizo, H. and Rabinovitch, A. (1989) Oxygen free radical scavengers protect rat islet cells from damage by cytokines. Diabetologia, 32, 792–796.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tietze, F. (1969) Enzymic method for quantitative determination of nanogram amounts of total and oxidized glutathione. Analytical Biochemistry, 27, 502–522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vatassery, G.T., Smith, W.E. and Quach, H.T. (1994) Increased susceptibility to oxidation of vitamin E in mitochondrial fractions compared with synaptosomal fractions from rat brains. Neurochemistry International, 24, 29–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vertechy, M., Cooper, M.B., Ghirardi, O. and Ramacci, M.T. (1993) The effect of age on the activity of enzymes of peroxide metabolism in rat brain. Experimental Gerontology, 28, 77–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, J.-R., Andrus, P.K. and Hall, E.D. (1993) Age-related regional changes in hydroxyl radical stress and antioxidants in gerbil brain. Journal of Neurochemistry, 61, 1640–1647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zs-Nagy, I. (1994) The Membrane Hypothesis of Aging. CRC Press Inc.
   Google Scholar