Publication Cover
Nutritional Neuroscience
An International Journal on Nutrition, Diet and Nervous System
Volume 22, 2019 - Issue 3
3,864
Views
46
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Current nutritional approaches in managing autism spectrum disorder: A review

& ORCID Icon

References

  • Ozkaya TB. Transition from pervasive developmental disorders to autism spectrum disorder: proposed changes for the upcoming DSM-5. Curr Approach Psychiat 2013;5(2):127–39. doi:10.5455/cap.20130509.
  • Smith JD. Autism: a natural fit for the clinical nutritionist and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Nutr Perspect: J Council Nutr 2013;36(2):5–8.
  • Ozeren GS. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gazing through the evidence window to ASD. ACU Saglık Bil Derg 2013;4:57–63.
  • Mezzelani A, Landini M, Facchiano F, Raggi ME, Villa L, Molteni M, et al. Environment, dysbiosis, immunity and sex-specific susceptibility: a translational hypothesis for regressive autism pathogenesis. Nutr Neurosci 2015;18(4):145–61. doi:10.1179/1476830513Y.0000000108.
  • Ozbaran B. Do environmental factors have influence on autism spectrum disorder? J Pediatr Res 2014;1:170–3. doi:10.4274/jpr.44153.
  • Geier DA, King PG, Sykes LK, Geier MR. A comprehensive review of mercury provoked autism. Indian J Med Res 2008;128:383–411.
  • Nelson KB, Bauman ML. Thimerosal and autism? Pediatr 2003;111:674–9. doi:10.1542/peds.111.3.674.
  • Reissmann A, Hauser J, Makulska-Gertruda E, Tomsa L, Lange KW. Gluten-free and casein-free diets in the treatment of autism. Funct Foods Health Dis 2014;4(8):349–61.
  • Kessick R. Autism and diet: what you need to know. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; 2009.
  • Ruskin DN, Fortin JA, Bisnauth SN, Masino SA. Ketogenic diets improve behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder in a sex-specific manner in the EL mouse. Physiol Behav 2017;168:138–45. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.10.023.
  • Frye RE, Sreenivasula S, Adams JB. Traditional and non-traditional treatments for autism spectrum disorder with seizures: an on-line survey. BMC Pediatr 2011;11:37. doi:10.1186/1471-2431-11-37.
  • Pennesi CM, Klein LC. Effectiveness of the gluten-free, casein free diet for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder: based on parental report. Nutr Neurosci 2012;15(2):85–91. doi:10.1179/1476830512Y.0000000003.
  • Golik F. The effects of excess fructose in a patient with autism spectrum disorder infections. ACNEM J 2014;33(2):13–7.
  • Adams JB, Holloway C. Pilot study of a moderate dose multivitamin/mineral supplement for children with autistic spectrum disorder. J Altern Complement Med 2004;10(6):1033–9. doi:10.1089/acm.2004.10.1033.
  • Romeo MG, Romeo DM, Trovato L, Oliveri S, Palermo F, Cota F, et al. Role of probiotics in the prevention of the enteric colonization by Candida in preterm newborns: incidence of late-onset sepsis and neurological outcome. J Perinatol 2011;31(1):63–9. doi:10.1038/jp.2010.57.
  • Napoli E, Duenas N, Giulivi C. Potential therapeutic use of the ketogenic diet in autism spectrum disorders. Front Pediatr 2014;2(69):1–9. doi:10.3389/fped.2014.00069.
  • AL-Ayadhi LY, Elamin NE. Camel milk as a potential therapy as an antioxidant in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013;2013:602834. doi:10.1155/2013/602834.
  • Gizachew A, Teha J, Birhanu T. Review on medicinal and nutritional values of camel milk. Nat Sci 2014;12(12):35–40. doi:10.7537/marsnsj121214.06.
  • Blaylock RL, Strunecka A. Immune-glutamatergic dysfunction as a central mechanism of the autism spectrum disorders. Curr Med Chem 2009;16(2):157–70. doi:10.2174/092986709787002745.
  • Bhandari R, Kuhad A. Neuropsychopharmacotherapeutic efficacy of curcumin in experimental paradigm of autism spectrum disorders. Life Sci 2015;141:156–69. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.09.012.
  • Pärtty A, Kalliomäki M, Wacklin P, Salminen S, Isolauri E. A possible link between early probiotic intervention and the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders later in childhood: a randomized trial. Pediatr Res 2015;77(6):823–8. doi:10.1038/pr.2015.51.
  • Hallböök T, Sjolander A, Amark P, Miranda M, Bjurulf B, Dahlin M. Effectiveness of the ketogenic diet used to treat resistant childhood epilepsy in Scandinavia. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2015;19(1):29–36. doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.09.005.
  • Ruskin DN, Svedova J, Cote JL, Sandau U, Rho JM, Kawamura M, et al. Ketogenic diet improves core symptoms of autism in BTBR mice. PLoS ONE 2013;8(6):e65021. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065021.
  • Ruskin DN, Murphy MI, Slade SL, Masino SA. Ketogenic diet improves behaviors in a maternal immune activation model of autism spectrum disorder. PLoS ONE 2017;12(2):e0171643. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0171643.
  • Verpeut JL, DiCicco-Bloom E, Bello NT. Ketogenic diet exposure during the juvenile period increases social behaviors and forebrain neural activation in adult. Physiol Behav 2016;161:90–8. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.04.001.
  • Evangeliou A, Vlachonikolis I, Mihailidou H, Spilioti M, Skarpalezou A, Makaronas N, et al. Application of a ketogenic diet in children with autistic behavior: pilot study. J Child Neurol 2003;18(2):113–8.
  • Marti LF. Dietary interventions in children with autism spectrum disorders-an updated review of the research evidence. Curr Clin Pharmacol 2014;9(4):335–49. doi:10.2174/15748847113086660074.
  • Ahn Y, Narous M, Tobias R, Rho JM, Mychasiuk R. The ketogenic diet modifies social and metabolic alterations identified in the prenatal valproic acid model of autism spectrum disorder. Dev Neurosci 2014;36(5):371–80. doi:10.1159/000362645.
  • Spilioti M, Evangeliou AE, Tramma D, Theodoridou Z, Metaxas S, Michailidi E, et al. Evidence for treatable inborn errors of metabolism in a cohort of 187 Greek patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Front Hum Neurosci 2013;7:858. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00858.
  • Herbert MR, Buckley JA. Autism and dietary therapy: case report and review of the literature. J Child Neurol 2013;28(8):975–82. doi:10.1177/0883073813488668.
  • Masino SA, Svedova J, Kawamura M, DiMario FD, Eigsti IM. Autism – a neurodevelopmental journey from genes to behaviour. In: Eapen V (ed.) Adenosine and autism – recent research and a new perspective. Rijeka: InTech; 2011, p. 103–22.
  • Mantis JG, Fritz JL, Marsh J, Heinrichs SC, Seyfried TN. Improvement in motor and exploratory behavior in rett syndrome mice with restricted ketogenic and standard diets. Epilepsy Behav 2009;15(2):133–41. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.02.038.
  • Smith J, Rho JM, Teskey GC. Ketogenic diet restores aberrant cortical motor maps and excitation-to-inhibition imbalance in the BTBR mouse model of autism spectrum disorder. Behav Brain Res 2016;304:67–70. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2016.02.015.
  • Castro K, Baronio D, Perry IS, Riesgo RD, Gottfried C. The effect of ketogenic diet in an animal model of autism induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid. Nutr Neurosci 2016;8:1–8. doi:10.1080/1028415X.2015.1133029.
  • Newell C, Bomhof MR, Reimer RA, Hittell DS, Rho JM, Shearer J. Ketogenic diet modifies the gut microbiota in a murine model of autism spectrum disorder. Mol Autism 2016;7(1):37. doi:10.1186/s13229-016-0099-3.
  • Mychasiuk R, Rho JM. Genetic modifications associated with ketogenic diet treatment in the BTBRT+Tf/J mouse model of autism spectrum disorder. Autism Res 2017;10(3):456–71. doi:10.1002/aur.1682.
  • Dai Y, Zhao Y, Tomi M, Shin BC, Thamotharan S, Mazarati A, et al. Sex-specific life course changes in the neuro-metabolic phenotype of Glut3 null heterozygous mice: ketogenic diet ameliorates electroencephalographic seizures and improves sociability. Endocrinology 2017;158(4):936–49. doi:10.1210/en.2016-1816.
  • Bertoli S, Battezzati A, Tagliabue A. Ketogenic diet in children with intractable epilepsy: what about resting energy expenditure and growth? Dev Med Child Neurol 2014;56:801–7.
  • Groleau V, Schall JI, Stallings VA, Bergqvıst CA. Long-term impact of the ketogenic diet on growth and resting energy expenditure in children with intractable epilepsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2014;56:898–904.
  • Kim JT, Kang HC, Song JE, Lee MJ, Lee YJ, Lee EJ, et al. Catch-up growth after long-term implementation and weaning from ketogenic diet in pediatric epileptic patients. Clin Nutr 2013;32:98–103.
  • Nation J, Humphrey M, MacKay M, Boneh A. Linear growth of children on a ketogenic diet: does the protein-to-energy ratio matter? J Child Neurol 2014;29(11):1496–501.
  • Liu YMC, Williams S, Basualdo-Hammond C, Stephens D, Curtis R. A prospective study: growth and nutritional status of children treated with the ketogenic diet. J Am Diet Assoc 2003;103(6):707–12.
  • Theije CG, Wu J, da Silva SL, Kamphuis PJ., Garssen J, Korte SM, et al. Pathways underlying the gut-to-brain connection in autism spectrum disorders as future targets for disease management. Eur J Pharmacol 2011;668(1):70–80. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.07.013.
  • Christison GW, Ivany K. Elimination diets in autism spectrum disorders: any wheat amidst the chaff? J Dev Behav Pediatr 2006;27(2):S162–71.
  • Whiteley P, Haracopos D, Knivsberg AM, Reichelt KL, Parlar S, Jacobsen J, et al. The ScanBrit randomised, controlled, single-blind study of a gluten- and casein-free dietary intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders. Nutr Neurosci 2010;13(2):87–100. doi:10.1179/147683010×12611460763922.
  • Elder JH, Shankar M, Shuster J, Theriaque D, Burns S, Sherrill L. The gluten-free, casein-free diet in autism: results of preliminary double blind clinical trial. J Autism Dev Disord 2006;36(3):413–20. doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0079-0.
  • Hyman SL, Stewart PA, Foley J, Cain U, Peck R, Morris DD, et al. The gluten-free/casein-free diet: a double-blind challenge trial in children with autism. J Autism Dev Disord 2016;46(1):205–20. doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2564-9.
  • Hyman SL, Stewart PA, Schmidt B, Cain U, Lemcke N, Foley JT, et al. Nutrient intake from food in children with autism. Pediatr 2012;130(2):145–53. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-0900L.
  • Hediger ML, England LJ, Molloy CA, Yu KF, Manning-Courtney P, Mills JL. Reduced bone cortical thickness in boys with autism or autism spectrum disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2008;38(5):848–56. doi:10.1007/s10803-007-0453-6.
  • Carlin J, Hill-Smith TE, Lucki I, Reyes TM. Reversal of dopamine system dysfunction in response to high-fat diet. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013;21(12):2513–21. doi:10.1002/oby.20374.
  • Sharma S, Fernandes MF, Fulton S. Adaptations in brain reward circuitry underlie palatable food cravings and anxiety induced by high-fat diet withdrawal. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013;37(9):1183–91. doi:10.1038/ijo.2012.197.
  • Grissom NM, Herdt CT, Desilets J, Lidsky-Everson J, Reyes TM. Dissociable deficits of executive function caused by gestational adversity are linked to specific transcriptional changes in the prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychopharmacol 2015;40(6):1353–63. doi:10.1038/npp.2014.313.
  • Zilkha N, Kuperman Y, Kimchi T. High-fat diet exacerbates cognitive rigidity and social deficiency in the BTBR mouse model of autism. Neuroscience 2017;345:142–54. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.01.070.
  • Lane-Donovan C, Herz J. High-fat diet changes hippocampal apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in a genotype- and carbohydrate-dependent manner in mice. PLoS ONE 2016;11(2):e0148099. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148099.
  • Berding K, Donovan SM. Microbiome and nutrition in autism spectrum disorder: current knowledge and research needs. Nutr Rev 2016;74(12):723–36. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuw048.
  • Berry RC, Novak P, Withrow N, Schmidt B, Rarback S, Feucht S, et al. Nutrition management of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder: guideline from an expert panel. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015;115(12):1919–27. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2015.05.016.
  • Navarro E, Araya M. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Another condition that responds to glüten. Revista Médica de Chile 2015;143(5):619–26. doi: 10.4067/s0034-98872015000500010.
  • Autism Research Institute, Parent Ratings of behavioral effects of biomedical interventions. ARI Publ. 2009. [cited 2017 Jan 7]. Available from: https://www.autism.com/pdf/providers/ParentRatings2009.pdf.
  • Aitken KJ. Dietary interventions in autism spectrum disorders: why they work when they do, why they don’t when they don’t. 1st edn. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers; 2009.
  • Campbell-McBride N. Gaps gut and psychology syndrome, natural treatment for autism, schizophrenia, depression, A.D.D, A.D.H.D, dyslexia, dyspraxia. Revised edn. England. Cambridge: Medinform Publishing; 2010.
  • Nourishing Hope: Food & Nutrition for ADHD, Autism and Healthy Children [ cited 2017 Jan 8]. Available from: http://nourishinghope.com/food-pyramid/.
  • Cao X, Lin P, Jiang P, Li C. Characteristics of the gastrointestinal microbiome in children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review. Shanghai Arch Psychiatry 2013;25(6):342–53. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-0829.2013.06.003.
  • Langdon A, Crook N, Dantas N. The effects of antibiotics on the microbiome throughout development and alternative approaches for therapeutic modulation. Genome Med 2016;8:39. doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0294-z.
  • Finegold SM, Dowd SE, Gontcharova V, Liu C, Henley KE, Wolcott RD, et al. Pyrosequencing study of fecal microflora of autistic and control children. Anaerobe 2010;16(4):444–53. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2010.06.008.
  • Geraghty ME, Bates-Wall J, Ratliff-Schaub K, Lane AE. Nutritional interventions and therapies in autism: a spectrum of what we know: part 2. Infant Child Adolesc Nutr 2010;2(2):120–33. doi:10.1177/1941406410366848.
  • Kałużna-Czaplińska J, Błaszczyk S. The level of arabinitol in autistic children after probiotic therapy. Nutrition 2012;28(2):124–6. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2011.08.002.
  • Parracho HM, Gibson GR, Knott F, Mccartney A. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover-designed probiotic feeding study in children diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorders. Int J Probiot Prebiot 2010;5(2):69–74.
  • Grossi E, Melli S, Dunca D, Terruzzi V. Unexpected improvement in core autism spectrum disorder symptoms after long-term treatment with probiotics. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2016;4:1–5. doi:10.1177/2050313×16666231.
  • Privett D. Autism spectrum disorder-research suggests good nutrition may manage symptoms. Today’s Dietitian 2013;15(1):46–51.
  • Dufault R, Lukiw WJ, Crider R, Schnoll R, Wallinga D, Deth R. A macroepigenetic approach to identify factors responsible for the autism epidemic in the USA. Clin Epigenetics 2012;4(1):6. doi:10.1186/1868-7083-4-6.
  • Cost LG, Giordano G, Furlong CE. Pharmacological and dietary modulators of paroxonase 1 (PON 1) activity and expression: the hunt goes on. Biochem Pharmacol 2011;81(3):337–44. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2010.11.008.
  • Kappeler S, Farah Z, Puhan Z. Sequence analysis of Camelus dromedarius milk caseins. J Dairy Res 1998;65(2):209–22.
  • Shabo Y, Barzel R, Margoulis M, Yagil R. Camel milk for food allergies in children. Isr Med Assoc J 2005;7(12):796–8.
  • Zafra O, Fraile S, Gutierrez C, Haro A, Páez-Espino AD, Jiménez JI, et al. Monitoring biodegradative enzymes with nanobodies raised in Camelus dromedarius with mixtures of catabolic proteins. Environ Microbiol 2011;13(4):960–74. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02401.x.
  • Tillib SV, Ivanova TI, Vasilev LA. Fingerprint-like analysis of “nanoantibody” selection by phage display using two helper phage variants. Acta Naturae 2010;2(3):85–93.
  • Bashir S, Al-Ayadhi LY. Effect of camel milk on thymus and activation-regulated chemokine in autistic children: double-blind study. Pediatr Res 2014;75(4):559–63 doi:10.1038/pr.2013.248.
  • Abdel Gader AGM, Alhaider AA. The unique medicinal properties of camel products: a review of the scientific evidence. J T U Med Sc 2016;11:98–103.
  • Al-Ayadhi LY, Halepoto DM, Al-Dress AM, Mitwali Y, Zainah R. Behavioral benefits of camel milk in subjects with autism spectrum disorder. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2015;25(11):819–23. doi: 11.2015/JCPSP.819823.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.