Iron therapy substantially restores qEEG maturational lag among iron-deficient anemic infants

References

• Miller JL. Iron deficiency anemia: a common and curable disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2013;3(7):a011866.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin C, Harpaz S, Muklashi I, Lumelsky N, Komisarchik I, Katzap I, et al. Iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia in toddlers ages 18 to 36 months: a prospective study. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2016;38(3):205–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLean E, Cogswell M, Egli I, Wojdyla D, de Benoist B. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia, WHO vitamin and mineral nutrition information system, 1993–2005. Public Health Nutr 2009;12(4):444–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993–2005: WHO global database on anaemia. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Abbaspour N, Hurrell R, Kelishadi R. Review on iron and its importance for human health. J Res Med Sci 2014;19(2):164–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domellöf M, Braegger C, Campoy C, Colomb V, Decsi T, Fewtrell M, et al. Iron requirements of infants and toddlers. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2014;58(1):119–29.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandra J. Combating iron deficiency in children. Indian J Pediatr 2013;80(12):983–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter RC, Jacobson JL, Burden MJ, Armony-Sivan R, Dodge NC, Angelilli ML, et al. Iron deficiency anemia and cognitive function in infancy. Pediatrics 2010;126(2):e427–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lozoff B, Beard J, Connor J, Felt B, Georgieff M, Schallert T. Long-lasting neural and behavioral effects of iron deficiency in infancy. Nutr Rev 2006;64(5 Pt 2):34–43; discussion S72–S91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCann JC, Ames BN. An overview of evidence for a causal relation between iron deficiency during development and deficits in cognitive or behavioral function. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85(4):931–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettit K, Rowley J, Brown N. Iron deficiency. Paediatr Child Health 2011;21(8):339–43.
   Google Scholar
• Sarici SÜ, Serdar MA, Dündaröz MR, Ünay B, Akin R, Deda G, et al. Brainstem auditory-evoked potentials in iron-deficiency anemia. Pediatr Neurol 2001;24(3):205–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Algarín C, Peirano P, Garrido M, Pizarro F, Lozoff B. Iron deficiency anemia in infancy: long-lasting effects on auditory and visual system functioning. Pediatr Res 2003;53(2):217–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burden MJ, Westerlund AJ, Armony-Sivan R, Nelson CA, Jacobson SW, Lozoff B, et al. An event-related potential study of attention and recognition memory in infants with iron-deficiency anemia. Pediatrics 2007;120(2):e336–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monga M, Walia V, Gandhi A, Chandra J, Sharma S. Effect of iron deficiency anemia on visual evoked potential of growing children. Brain Dev 2010;32(3):213–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beard JL, Wiesinger JA, Connor JR. Pre- and post-weaning iron deficiency alters myelination in Sprague-Dawley rats. Dev Neurosci 2003;25(5):308–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hare D, Ayton S, Bush A, Lei P. A delicate balance: iron metabolism and disease of the brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2013;5:34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beard J. Iron deficiency alters brain development and functioning. J Nutr 2003;133(5 Suppl 1):1468S–72S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unger EL, Paul T, Murray Kolb LE, Felt B, Jones BC, Beard JL. Early iron deficiency alters sensorimotor development and brain monoamines in rats. J Nutr 2007;137(1):118–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petsche H., Pockberger H. Rappelsberger P. On the search for the sources of the electroencephalogram. Neuroscience 1984;11(1):1–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2011. Available from: http://www.who.int/vmnis/indicators/haemoglobin/en/
   Google Scholar
• Otero GA, Harmony T, Pliego-Rivero FB, Ricardo-Garcell J, Bosch-Bayard J, Porcayo-Mercado R, et al. QEEG norms for the first year of life. Early Hum Dev 2011;87(10):691–703.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valdés-Sosa P, Bosch J, Grave R, Hernández J, Riera J, Pascual R, et al. Frequency domain models of the EEG. Brain Topogr 1992;4(4):309–19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hernández JL, Valdés P, Biscay R, Virues T, Szava S, Bosch J, et al. A global scale factor in brain topography. Int J Neurosci 1994;76(3–4):267–78.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Szava S, Valdes P, Biscay R, Galan L, Bosch J, Clark I, et al. High resolution quantitative EEG analysis. Brain Topogr 1994;6(3):211–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Galán L, Biscay R, Rodríguez JL, Pérez-Abalo MC, Rodríguez R. Testing topographic differences between event related brain potentials by using non-parametric combinations of permutation tests. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 1997;102(3):240–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• National Nutrition Survey. 2006. Available from: http://www.insp.mx/ensanut2006.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Estrada JA, Contreras I, Pliego-Rivero FB, Otero GA. Molecular mechanisms of cognitive impairment in iron deficiency: alterations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and insulin-like growth factor expression and function in the central nervous system. Nutr Neurosci 2014;17(5):193–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matousek M y Petersen I. Frequency analysis of the EEG in normal children and adolescents. In: Kellaway P, Petersen I, (eds.) Automation of clinical electroencephalography. New York: Raven Press, 1973, p. 75–102.
   Google Scholar
• Hagne I, Persson J, Magnusson R, Petersen I. Spectral analysis via fast Fourier transform of waking EEG in normal infants. In: Kellaway P, Petersen I, (eds.) Automation of clinical electroencephalography. New York: Raven Press; 1973. p. 103–43.
   Google Scholar
• John E.R., Ahn H., Prichep L., Trepetin M., Brown D., Kaye H. Developmental equations for the electroencephalogram. Science 1980;210(4475):1255–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harmony T, Marosi E, Díaz de León AE, Becker J, Fernández T. Effect of sex, psychosocial disadvantages and biological risk factors on EEG maturation. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 1990;75(6):482–91.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clarke AR, Barry RJ, McCarthy R, Selikowitz M. Age and sex effects in the EEG development of the normal child. Clin Neurophysiol 2001;112(5):806–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otero GA, Aguirre DM, Porcayo R, Fernández T. Psychological and electroencephalographic study in school children with iron deficiency. Int J Neurosci 1999;99(1–4):113–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peirano P, Algarín C, Garrido M, Algarín D, Lozoff B. Iron-deficiency anemia is associated with altered characteristics of sleep spindles in NREM sleep in infancy. Neurochem Res 2007;32(10):1665–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kececi H, Degirmenci Y. Quantitative EEG and cognitive evoked potentials in anemia. Neurophysiol Clin 2008;38(2):137–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandhu R, Shankar N, Tandon OP, Madan N. Effects of iron therapy on cognition in anemic school going boys. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2003;47(3):301–10.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Otero GA, Pliego-Rivero FB, Contreras G, Ricardo J, Fernández T. Iron supplementation brings up a lacking P300 in iron deficient children. Clin Neurophysiol 2004;115(10):2259–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otero GA, Pliego-Rivero FB, Porcayo-Mercado R, Mendieta-Alcántara G. Working memory impairment and recovery in iron deficient children. Clin Neurophysiol 2008;119(8):1739–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lukowski AF, Koss M, Burden MJ, Jonides J, Nelson CA, Kaciroti N, et al. Iron deficiency in infancy and neurocognitive functioning at 19 years: evidence of long-term deficits in executive function and recognition memory. Nutr Neurosci 2010;13(2):54–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lozoff B. Early iron deficiency has brain and behavior effects consistent with dopaminergic dysfunction. J Nutr 2011;141(4):740S–6S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Algarín C, Nelson CA, Peirano P, Westerlund A, Reyes S, Lozoff B. Iron-deficiency anemia in infancy and poorer cognitive inhibitory control at age 10 years. Dev Med Child Neurol 2013;55(5): 453–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felt B, Jimenez E, Smith J, Calatroni A, Kaciroti N, Wheatcroft G, et al. Iron deficiency in infancy predicts altered serum prolactin response 10 years later. Pediatr Res 2006;60(5):513–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felt BT, Peirano P, Algarín C, Chamorro R, Sir T, Kaciroti N, Lozoff B. Long-term neuroendocrine effects of iron-deficiency anemia in infancy. Pediatr Res 2012;71(6):707–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar