Iron supplementation given to nonanemic infants: neurocognitive functioning at 16 years

References

• Sundararajan S, Rabe H. Prevention of iron deficiency anemia in infants and toddlers. Pediatr Res. 2021 Jan;89(1):63–73. doi:10.1038/s41390-020-0907-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgieff MK, Krebs NF, Cusick SE. The benefits and risks of iron supplementation in pregnancy and childhood. Annual Rev Nutr. 2019;39:121–46. doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hare D, Cardoso BR, Szymlek-Gay EA, Biggs B. Neurological effects of iron supplementation in infancy: finding the balance between health and harm in iron-replete infants. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018;2(2):144–156. doi:10.1016/S2352-4642(17)30159-1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lönnerdal B. Excess iron intake as a factor in growth, infections, and development of infants and young children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;106(suppl 6):1681S–7S. doi:10.3945/ajcn.117.156042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iannotti LL, Tielsch JM, Black MM, Black RE. Iron supplementation in early childhood: health benefits and risks. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84(6):1261–76. doi:10.1093/ajcn/84.6.1261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wessling-Resnick M. Excess iron: considerations related to development and early growth. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;106(suppl 6):1600S–5S. doi:10.3945/ajcn.117.155879.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lozoff B, Castillo M, Clark KM, Smith JB. Iron-fortified vs low-iron infant formula: developmental outcome at 10 years. Arch Ped Adol Med. 2012;166(3):208–15. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.197.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gahagan S, Delker E, Blanco E, Burrows R, Lozoff B. Randomized controlled trial of iron-fortified versus low-iron infant formula: developmental outcomes at 16 years. J Pediatr. 2019;212:124–130. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.05.030.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domellöf M, Braegger C, Campoy C, Colomb V, Decsi T, Fewtrell M, et al. Iron requirements of infants and toddlers. J Pediatr Gastroenterology Nutr. 2014 Jan 1;58(1):119–29. doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000000206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lönnerdal B, Georgieff MK, Hernell O. Developmental physiology of iron absorption, homeostasis, and metabolism in the healthy term infant. J Pediatr. 2015;167(4):S8–14. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.07.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hare DJ, Ayton S, Bush AI, Lei P. A delicate balance: iron metabolism and diseases of the brain. Front Aging Neurosci. 2013;5:34–53. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2013.00034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewey KG, Domellöf M, Cohen RJ, Landa Rivera L, Hernell O, Lönnerdal B. Iron supplementation affects growth and morbidity of breast-fed infants: results of a randomized trial in Sweden and Honduras. J Nutr. 2002;132(11):3249–55. doi:10.1093/jn/132.11.3249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agrawal S, Berggren KL, Marks E, Fox JH. Impact of high iron intake on cognition and neurodegeneration in humans and in animal models: a systematic review. Nutr Reviews. 2017 Jun 1;75(6):456–70. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nux015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hare DJ, Arora M, Jenkins NL, Finkelstein DI, Doble PA, Bush AI. Is early-life iron exposure critical in neurodegeneration? Nat Rev Neurol. 2015;11(9):536–45. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2015.100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lozoff B, De Andraca I, Castillo M, Smith J, Walter T, Pino P. Behavioral and developmental effects of preventing iron-deficiency anemia in healthy full-term infants. Pediatrics. 2003;112:846–54. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/112/4/846.full.html.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sutton GP, Barchard KA, Bello DT, Thaler NS, Ringdahl E, Mayfield J, Allen DN. Beery-Buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration performance in children with traumatic brain injury and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psych Assessment. 2011;23(3):805–9. doi:10.1037/a0023370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez-Cubillo I, Periáñez JA, Adrover-Roig D, Rodríguez-Sánchez JM, Rios-Lago M, Tirapu JE, Barcelo F. Construct validity of the trail making test: role of task-switching, working memory, inhibition / interference control, and visuomotor abilities. J Int Neuropsych Soc. 2009;15(3):438–50. doi:10.1017/S1355617709090626.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahurin RK, Velligan DI, Hazleton B, Mark Davis J, Eckert S, Miller AL. Trail making test errors and executive function in schizophrenia and depression. Clin Neuropsychol. 2006;20(2):271–88. doi:10.1080/13854040590947498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Axelrod BN, Goldman RS, Heaton RK, Curtiss G, Thompson LL, Chelune GJ, Kay GG. Discriminability of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test using the standardization sample. J Clin Exper Neuropsychol. 1996;18(3):338–42. doi:10.1080/01688639608408991.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine DS. Neural network models of human executive function and decision making. In: Goldberg E, editor. Executive functions in health and disease. Academic Press; 2017. p. 105–128. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-803676-1.00005-2.
   Google Scholar
• Mendez-Castellano H, de Mendez MC. Social stratification and human biology: Graffar’s modified method. Venezuelan Arch Childcare Pediatr. 1986;49(3/4):93–104.
   Google Scholar
• Elardo R, Bradley RH. The Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) scale: a review of research. Dev Review. 1981 Jun 1;1(2):113–45. doi:10.1016/0273-2297(81)90012-5.
   Google Scholar
• Kopp B, Rösser N, Tabeling S, Stürenburg HJ, de Haan B, Karnath HO, Wessel K. Errors on the Trail Making Test are associated with right hemispheric frontal lobe damage in stroke patients. Behav Neurol. 2015 Oct: 1–10. doi:10.1155/2015/309235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuss DT, Levine B, Alexander MP, Hong J, Palumbo C, Hamer L, et al. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance in patients with focal frontal and posterior brain damage: effects of lesion location and test structure on separable cognitive processes. Neuropsychologia. 2000;38(4):388–402. doi:10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00093-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition. Iron. In pediatric nutrition: policy of the American Academy of Pediatrics, 7th ed. Kleinman RE, Greer FR, Eds. American Academy of Pediatrics: Elk Grove Village, IL USA. 2019.
   Google Scholar