Advanced search
Publication Cover
Journal of Asian Natural Products Research Volume 12, 2010 - Issue 2
Submit an article Journal homepage
1,141
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Phytochemicals and biological activities of Saussurea species

Jun-Li Yang State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
,
Rui Wang State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
,
Lei-Lei Liu State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
&
Yan-Ping Shi State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 162-175 | Received 23 Aug 2009, Accepted 17 Nov 2009, Published online: 04 Feb 2010

References

  • Shi , Y.P. 2008 . Chemistry of Monoterpenoids and Sesquiterpenoids , 142 Beijing : Chemical Industry Press .
  • Zhang , T. , Wang , H.Q. , Du , G.H. and Chen , R.Y. 2009 . China J. Chin. Mater. Med. , 34 : 1223
  • Chen , R.D. , Zou , J.H. , Jia , J.M. and Dai , J.G. 2009 . Acta Pharm. Sin. , 44 : 436
  • Dawa , Z.M. , Guan , Y.L. , Yang , Y. , Gesang , S.L. and Bai , B.R. 2008 . J. Chin. Med. Mater. , 31 : 857
  • Liu , C.L. , Deng , Y.H. , Du , N. and Yang , L. 2008 . J. Chin. Med. Mater. , 31 : 101
  • Wang , H.B. , Chu , W.J. , Li , G.R. , Lau , C.P. and Qin , G.W. 2008 . Chin. J. Nat. Med. , 6 : 357
  • Dawa , Z.M. , Zhou , Y. , Bai , Y. , Gesang , S.L. , Xie , P. and Ding , L.S. 2008 . China J. Chin. Mater. Med. , 33 : 1032
  • Li , Y. , Guo , S.X. , Wang , C.L. , Yang , J.S. and Xiao , P.G. 2007 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 42 : 575
  • Li , Y. , Guo , S.X. , Wang , C.L. , Yang , J.S. and Xiao , P.G. 2007 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 32 : 162
  • Dawa , Z.M. , Guan , Y.L. , Gesang , S.L. , Bianba , C.R. and Zhou , Y. 2007 . Chin. J. Anal. Lab. , 26 : 27
  • Yang , J.S. , Xie , F.Z. , Liu , Q.H. and Wu , X. 2006 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 41 : 1774
  • Yin , H.Q. , Fu , H.W. , Hua , H.M. and Pei , Y.H. 2006 . J. Shenyang Pharm. Univ. , 23 : 641
  • Yin , H.Q. , Fu , H.W. , Hua , H.M. and Pei , Y.H. 2005 . Chin. J. Med. Chem. , 15 : 217
  • Shen , J. , Liang , J. , Peng , S.L. and Ding , L.S. 2004 . Nat. Prod. Res. Dev. , 16 : 391
  • Li , Y.L. , Wang , H.L. and Suo , Y.R. 2004 . Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occident. Sin. , 24 : 1292
  • Li , S. , Hu , L.H. and Lou , F.C. 2004 . Chin. J. Nat. Med. , 2 : 62
  • Shi , Y.P. and Ma , J. 2002 . Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs , 33 : 772
  • Ren , Y.L. , Yang , J.S. and Chen , J.M. 2002 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 37 : 413
  • Dai , J.Q. , Liu , Z.L. and Yang , L. 2002 . Chin. J. Mag. Resonance , 19 : 133
  • Ren , Y.L. , Yang , J.S. and Chen , J.M. 2001 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 36 : 732
  • Ren , Y.L. and Yang , J.S. 2001 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 36 : 590
  • Zeng , Z. , Zeng , H.P. , Yang , D.Q. , Lai , W.L. and Lai , X.P. 2001 . Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs , 32 : 683
  • Ren , Y.L. and Yang , J.S. 2001 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 36 : 87
  • Ren , Y.L. and Yang , J.S. 2000 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 35 : 736
  • Zhang , Q. , Zou , J. and Zhang , H. 2000 . West China J. Pharm. Sci. , 15 : 346
  • Zhao , D.X. and Li , M.Y. 2000 . Chin. J. Biotechnol. , 16 : 99
  • Yang , H. , Xie , J.L. and Sun , H.D. 1997 . Acta Bot. Yunnan. , 19 : 85
  • Chen , N.Y. , Zai , J.J. , Pan , H.P. , He , Y.L. , Song , Z.Z. and Jia , Z.J. 1992 . Acta Bot. Yunnan. , 14 : 203
  • Yu , J.H. , Cheng , Z. , Zheng , S.Z. and Shen , X.W. 1992 . Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs , 23 : 283
  • Zheng , S.Z. , Yu , J.H. and Shen , X.X. 1991 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 26 : 526
  • Shi , J.G. , Jia , Z.J. and Yu , L. 1991 . Chem. J. Chin. Univ. , 12 : 906
  • Zheng , S.Z. , Yu , J.H. and Shen , X.W. 1990 . J. Northwest Norm. Univ. (Nat. Sci.) , 26 (4) : 42
  • Yu , J.H. , Zheng , S.Z. and Shen , X.W. 1991 . China J. Chin. Mater. Med. , 16 : 356
  • Song , Z.Z. and Jia , Z.J. 1990 . Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs , 21 : 532
  • Jia , Z.J. , Gong , N.C. and Du , M. 1990 . Chem. J. Chin. Univ. , 11 : 202
  • Wang , H.K. , Lin , Z.D. , He , K. and Wan , S.W. 1986 . Acta Pharm. Sin. , 21 : 680
  • Yu , J. , Zheng , S. and Shen , X. 1991 . China J. Chin. Mater. Med. , 16 : 356
  • Wang , L. , Zhao , F. , He , E.Q. , Wang , S. , Xu , H. and Liu , K. 2008 . Nat. Prod. Res. Dev. , 20 : 808
  • Ma , H.J. , Fan , G.X. , Ren , H.X. and Yuan , Y.K. 1998 . J. Xi'an Univ. Sci. Tech. , 19 : 168
  • Fan , G.X. , Ren , H.X. , Yuan , Y.K. and Liu , H.F. 1996 . J. Xi'an Univ. Sci. Tech. , 17 : 452
  • Hou , X.L. , Wang , K. and Gu , P.Q. 1996 . Nucl. Tech. , 19 : 415
  • Zheng , R.L. , Liu , G.S. , Xing , G.X. , Jia , Z.J. , Du , M. and Tang , L.Q. 1993 . Acta Pharmacol. Sin. , 14 ( Suppl S47–S49 )
  • Zheng , S.Z. , Yu , J.H. and Shen , X.W. 1991 . Chem. J. Chin. Univ. , 12 : 1613
  • Chen , S.F. , Li , Y.Q. and He , F.Y. 1994 . Chin. J. Integrated Tradit. West Med. , 14 : 406
  • Dawa , Z.M. , Zhou , Y. , Bai , Y. , Gesang , S.L. , Bai , B.R. and Ding , L.S. 2008 . Lishizhen Med. Mater. Med. Res. , 19 : 2604
  • Zhai , K.F. , Xing , J.G. , Yang , W.J. and Huang , H.Y. 2008 . Chin. J. Pharm. Anal. , 28 : 762
  • Yan , L. , Guo , S.X. , Wang , C.L. , Wu , L.Q. and Xiao , P.G. 2008 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 43 : 737
  • Ou , Y. , Yuan , X.F. , Xu , C.M. , Zhao , B. , Wang , X.D. and Wang , Y.C. 2008 . Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs , 39 : 105
  • Dong , J.H. and Ka , H. 2007 . Central South Pharm. , 5 : 333
  • Yan , M. , Huang , Y. , Zhong , J. , Xu , F. , Yan , H. and Wang , X.T. 2007 . Chin. J. Pharm. Anal. , 27 : 506
  • Ou , Y. , Yuan , X.F. , Chen , W.H. , Zhao , B. , Wang , X.D. and Wang , Y.C. 2008 . Chin. J. Pharmaceut. Anal. , 33 : 313
  • Lu , Y.C. and Yan , H. 2007 . West China J. Pharm. Sci. , 22 : 79
  • Wang , X.L. , Cai , M. , Zhou , Y. and Ding , L.S. 2006 . Nat. Prod. Res. Dev. , 18 : 624
  • Su , W.W. , Zhao , J. and Lin , J.M. 2005 . Acad. J. First Med. Coll. PLA , 25 : 119
  • Liu , P.Y. , Zhou , W.F. , Wang , Y.Z. , Zhao , M.B. and Hao , J.M. 2005 . Chin. J. Pharm. Anal. , 25 : 40
  • Yang , D.Q. , Yao , C.F. , Zeng , H.P. , Lai , X.P. , Yang , T. and Chen , D.Y. 2002 . J. South China Norm. Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) , 2 : 22
  • Zhu , C. , Jiang , X.Y. , Zhou , P.W. and Cai , J.F. 2002 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 37 : 98
  • Wang , W.Z. 1997 . Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs , 28 : 654
  • Pang , Z.G. , Wang , B.Q. and Yang , Y. 1995 . Chem. Res. Appl. , 7 : 102
  • Jin , Z.P. , Zhao , D.X. , Qiao , C.L. , Qu , W.Q. , Chen , Y.Q. and Fu , C.X. 2003 . Chin. J. Biotech. , 19 : 368
  • Peng , X.M. , Wang , Z. , Xu , D.X. , Chen , S.K. and Zhu , J.B. 2008 . J. Shihezi Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) , 26 : 397
  • Xiao , Z.J. , Yang , R.D. and Huang , G.Q. 2009 . Modern Food Sci. Tech. , 25 : 249
  • Ou , Y. , Yuan , X.F. , Zhao , B. , Wang , X.D. , Chen , S.A. and Wang , Y.C. 2009 . Modern Chin. Med. , 11 : 16
  • Wang , Z.F. , Zhang , X.J. , Wang , B. , Zhou , X.Y. and Ai , X.L. 2008 . Chin. J. Biotech. , 24 : 1649
  • Wang , B. , Ai , X.L. , Wang , Z.F. , Li , F. and Luo , M. 2008 . Xinjiang Agric. Sci. , 45 : 56
  • Zhang , X.J. , Ai , X.L. , Lu , X.J. , Luo , M. and Wang , B. 2007 . Xinjiang Agric. Sci. , 44 : 329
  • Jia , L.F. , Wang , X.J. and Zhao , M.N. 2008 . Chin. Bull. Bot. , 25 : 85
  • Wang , B. , Ai , X.L. , Wang , Z.F. , Li , F. , Luo , M. and Zhang , X.J. 2007 . Biotech. , 17 : 45
  • Xing , W.C. , Yuan , Q. , Zhao , M.N. and Cao , X. 2006 . Plant Phys. Comm. , 42 : 862
  • Hu , X.W. , Gao , L.H. , Xu , Z.P. , Chen , H.P. and Li , Z.H. 2006 . Chin. High Tech. Lett. , 16 : 610
  • Lei , L. , Zhao , B. , Xu , C.M. , Wang , X.D. and Wang , Y.C. 2006 . Chin. J. Proc. Eng. , 6 : 942
  • Jia , J.M. and Wu , C.F. 2006 . J. Chin. Pharm. Sci. , 15 : 16
  • Wu , L.Q. , Guo , S.X. and Xiao , P.G. 2005 . China J. Chin. Mater. Med. , 30 : 965
  • Wu , L.Q. , Guo , S.X. and Xiao , P.G. 2005 . China J. Chin. Mater. Med. , 30 : 814
  • Lu , L. , Wang , X.J. and Zhao , A.M. 2005 . Plant Phys. Commun. , 41 : 731
  • Jia , J.M. , Wu , C.F. , Wu , L.J. and Hu , G.S. 2005 . Res. Inform. Tradit. Chin. Med. , 7 : 11
  • Chen , Y.Z. and Li , F.L. 2005 . J. Plant Phys. Mol. Biol. , 31 : 437
  • Yuan , X.F. , Wang , Q. , Zhao , B. and Wang , Y.C. 2004 . Chin. J. Proc. Eng. , 4 : 325
  • Chen , Y.Q. , Jin , Z.P. , Zhao , D. and Li , M.Y. 2003 . J. Plant Resour. Environ. , 12 : 57
  • Wang , H.C. , Li , Y. , Wang , H. , Xu , W.H. , Wang , L. and Zhang , B.C. 2002 . Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occident. Sin. , 22 : 69
  • Lu , D.P. , Zhao , D.X. , Huang , Y. and Zhao , Q. 2001 . Acta Bot. Yunnan. , 23 : 497
  • Yang , J.L. , Zhao , D.X. , Gui , Y.L. and Guo , Z.C. 2001 . Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occident. Sin. , 21 : 252
  • Li , Y. , Wang , H.C. , Zhang , H.G. , Xu , W.H. and Zhang , B.C. 2001 . Plant Phys. Commun. , 37 : 39
  • Xing , J.M. , Zhao , D.X. , Ye , H.C. , Li , G.F. and Li , Z.H. 2000 . Chin. Bull. Bot. , 42 : 98
  • Li , M.Y. , Zhao , D.X. , Xing , J.M. and Zhao , L.L. 2000 . Acta Bot. Yunnan. , 22 : 65
  • Zhao , D.X. , Li , M.Y. , Xing , J.M. and Tong , Z. 1999 . Acta Phytophyl. Sin. , 25 : 127
  • Xing , J.M. , Zhao , D.X. , Li , M.Y. , Ye , H.C. , Li , G.F. and Li , Z.H. 1999 . Chin. J. Biotech. , 15 : 230
  • Xing , J.M. , Zhao , D.X. , Li , M.Y. , Ye , H.C. , Li , G.F. and Li , Z.H. 1998 . Chin. Bull. Bot. , 40 : 836
  • Zhao , D.X. , Wang , Y. and Zhao , J.F. 1998 . Chin. J. Biotech. , 14 : 259
  • Zhao , D.X. , Qiao , C.L. and Wang , Y. 1998 . Chin. Bull. Bot. , 40 : 515
  • Yang , R. , Fu , C.X. , Jin , Z.P. and Zhao , D.X. 2005 . Chin. J. Biotech. , 21 : 233
  • Fu , C.X. , Jin , Z.P. , Yang , R. , Wu , F.Y. and Zhao , D.X. 2004 . Chin. J. Biotech. , 20 : 366
  • Wang , Y.F. , Wang , J.L. and Wu , Y.Q. 2006 . Chin. J. Pract. Chin. Modern Med. , 19 : 2851
  • Yuan , X.F. , Zhao , B. and Wang , Y.C. 2004 . Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs , 35 : 1424
  • Ren , Y.L. and Yang , J.S. 2000 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 35 : 505
  • Yang , H. , Xie , J.L. and Sun , H.D. 1998 . Nat. Prod. Res. Dev. , 10 : 90
  • Li , J.S. and Cai , S.Q. 1998 . Chin. Pharm. J. , 33 : 449
  • Zhao , D.X. and Zhao , L.L. 1996 . Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs , 27 : 372
  • Yue , M.E. , Li , Y. and Shi , Y.P. 2007 . Biomed. Chromatogr. , 21 : 376
  • Li , X.H. , Feng , J.T. and Shi , Y.P. 2008 . Can. J. Chem. , 86 : 281
  • Feng , J.T. and Shi , Y.P. 2005 . Pharmazie , 60 : 464
  • Li , X.H. , Qi , H.Y. and Shi , Y.P. 2008 . J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. , 10 : 397
  • Li , Y. and Shi , Y.P. 2007 . Pharmazie , 62 : 714
  • Wang , X.R. , Quan , Q.X. and Shi , Y.P. 2008 . Chem. Biodivers. , 5 : 279
  • Jing , T.F. , Li , Y. and Shi , Y.P. 2004 . Planta Med. , 70 : 284
  • Duan , H.Q. , Takaishi , Y. , Momota , H. , Ohmoto , Y. and Taki , T. 2002 . Phytochemistry , 59 : 85
  • Wang , F. , Xie , Z.H. , Gao , Y. , Xu , Y. , Cheng , X.L. and Liu , J.K. 2008 . Chem. Pharm. Bull. , 56 : 864
  • Matsuda , H. , Kageura , T. , Inoue , Y. , Morikawa , T. and Yoshikawa , M. 2000 . Tetrahedron , 56 : 7763
  • Sun , C.M. , Syu , W.J. , Don , M.J. , Lu , J.J. and Lee , G.H. 2003 . J. Nat. Prod. , 66 : 1175
  • Chhabra , B.R. , Ahuja , N.M. , Bhullar , M.K. and Kalsi , P.S. 1998 . Fitoterapia , 69 : 274
  • Kumar , S. , Ahuja , N.M. , Juawanda , G.S. and Chhabra , B.R. 1995 . Fitoterapia , 66 : 287
  • Chhabra , B.R. , Gupta , S. , Dhillon , R.S. and Kalsi , P.S. 1997 . Fitoterapia , 68 : 470
  • Singh , I.P. , Talwar , K.K. , Arora , J.K. , Chhabra , B.R. and Kalsi , P.S. 1992 . Phytochemistry , 31 : 2529
  • Yang , M.C. , Choi , S.U. , Choi , W.S. , Kim , S.Y. and Lee , K.R. 2008 . J. Nat. Prod. , 71 : 678
  • Li , Y. , Wang , C.L. , Guo , S.X. , Yang , J.S. and Xiao , P.G. 2007 . J. Pharm. Biomed. , 44 : 288
  • Wang , H.B. , Zhang , H.P. , Yao , G.M. , Wang , Y.B. and Qin , G.W. 2004 . J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. , 9 : 603
  • Wang , H.B. , Zhang , H.P. , Zhou , Y. , Zuo , J.P. and Qin , G.W. 2005 . J. Nat. Prod. , 68 : 762
  • Ren , G. , Yu , Z.M. , Chen , Y.L. , Wu , S.H. and Fu , C.X. 2007 . J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. , 21 : 221
  • Yang , M. and Jia , Z.J. 2004 . Chin. Chem. Lett. , 15 : 417
  • Yin , H.Q. , Fu , H.W. , Hua , H.M. , Li , W. , Sha , Y. and Pei , Y.H. 2005 . Chem. Pharm. Bull. , 53 : 841
  • Yang , Z.D. , Gao , K. and Jia , Z.J. 2003 . Phytochemistry , 62 : 1195
  • Yang , Z.D. , Li , S. , Yuan , C.S. and Jia , Z.J. 2002 . Chin. Chem. Lett. , 13 : 752
  • Dai , J.Q. , Zhao , C.Y. , Wang , Y.L. , Zhang , Q. , Liu , Z.L. , Zheng , R.L. and Yang , L. 2001 . J. Chem. Res. (S) , : 74
  • Fan , C.Q. , Zhan , Z.J. , Li , H. and Yue , J.M. 2004 . Helv. Chim. Acta , 87 : 1446
  • Robinson , A. , Kumar , T.V. , Sreedhar , E. , Naidu , V.G.M. , Krishna , S.R. , Babu , K.S. , Srinivas , P.V. and Rao , J.M. 2008 . Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , 18 : 4015
  • Saxena , V.K. and Dixit , G. 1993 . Fitoterapia , 64 : 84
  • Talmar , K.K. , Singh , I.P. and Kalsi , P.S. 1992 . Phytochemistry , 31 : 336
  • Yang , M.C. , Kim , S.M. , Lee , K.H. , Kim , K.H. and Lee , K.R. 2007 . Molecules , 12 : 2270
  • Liu , C.M. , Wang , H.X. , Wei , S.L. and Gao , K. 2008 . J. Nat. Prod. , 71 : 789
  • Dai , J.Q. , Zhao , C.Y. , Zhang , Q. , Liu , Z.L. , Zheng , R.L. and Yang , L. 2001 . Phytochemistry , 58 : 1107
  • Dai , J.Q. , Zhou , B. , Wang , Y.L. , Yang , L. and Liu , Z.L. 2001 . Chin. Chem. Lett. , 12 : 151
  • Kuo , Y.H. , Way , S.T. and Wu , C.H. 1996 . J. Nat. Prod. , 59 : 622
  • Singh , V. and Ali , M. 2004 . Indian J. Chem. B , 43B : 655
  • Wang , T.M. , Hojo , T. , Ran , F.X. , Wang , R.F. , Wang , R.Q. , Chen , H.B. , Cui , J.R. , Shang , M.Y. and Cai , S.Q. 2007 . J. Nat. Prod. , 70 : 1429
  • Zheng , S.Z. , Shen , X.W. , Yu , J.H. , Sun , L.P. and Guo , Y.H. 1991 . Chin. Chem. Lett. , 2 : 373
  • Rao , K.S. , Babu , G.V. and Ramnareddy , Y.V. 2007 . Molecules , 12 : 328
  • Dawa , Z. , Bai , Y. , Zhou , Y. , Gesang , S. , A , P. and Ding , L.S. 2009 . J. Nat. Med. , 63 : 327
  • Fan , C.Q. and Yue , J.M. 2003 . Bioorg. Med. Chem. , 11 : 703
  • Fan , C.Q. , Zhu , X.Z. , Zhan , Z.J. , Ji , X.Q. , Li , H. and Yue , J.M. 2006 . Planta Med. , 72 : 590
  • Yang , M. , Wang , C.M. , Zhang , Q. , Han , Y.F. and Jia , Z.J. 2004 . Pharmazie , 59 : 972
  • Choi , J.Y. , Na , M.K. , Hwang , I.H. , Bae , E.Y. , Kim , B.Y. and Ahn , J.S. 2009 . Molecules , 14 : 266
  • Zhou , Z.W. , Yin , S. , Wang , X.N. , Fan , C.Q. and Yue , J.M. 2007 . Helv. Chim. Acta , 90 : 951
  • Chhabra , B.R. , Gupta , S. , Jain , M. and Kalsi , P.S. 1998 . Phytochemistry , 49 : 801
  • Kalsi , P.S. , Kumar , S. , Gawanda , G.S. and Chhabra , B.R. 1995 . Phytochemistry , 40 : 1713
  • Yin , H.Q. , Hua , H.M. , Fu , H.W. , Qi , X.L. , Li , W. , Sha , Y. and Pei , Y.H. 2007 . J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. , 9 : 579
  • Park , H.S. , Choi , E.J. , Lee , Y.S. and Kim , G.H. 2007 . Yakhak Hoechi , 51 : 145
  • Ren , G. , Yu , Z.M. , Chen , Y.L. , Wu , S.H. and Fu , C.X. 2007 . Nat. Prod. Res. (A) , 21 : 221
  • Xie , H.H. , Wang , T. , Matsuda , H. , Morikawa , T. , Yoshikawa , M. and Tani , T. 2005 . Chem. Pharm. Bull. , 53 : 1416
  • Chhabra , B.R. , Gupta , S. , Dhillon , R.S. and Kalsi , P.S. 1997 . Fitoterapia , 68 : 470
  • Saxena , V.K. and Girish , D. 1992 . J. Inst. Chem. (India) , 64 : 232
  • Yang , H. , Xie , J.L. and Sun , H.D. 1997 . Chin. Bull. Bot. , 39 : 667
  • Sun , Z.Z. and Jia , Z.J. 1990 . Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs , 21 : 532
  • Wu , W. , Yang , Q. , Gao , H.Y. , Yang , J.Y. , Yang , J.G. , Xu , J.G. and Wu , L.J. 2009 . Arch. Pharm. Res. , 32 : 1221

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.