Accounting outsourcing and its relationship with financial performance of SMEs: Manager and employee perspectives

References

• Adu-Gyamfi, L. (2015). Evaluating the impact of outsourcing on organisational profitability. Worldwide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 1(3), 23–39. http://wwjmrd.com/upload/evaluating-the-impact-of-outsourcing-on-organisational-profitability.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Agburu, J. I., Anza, N. C., & Iyortsuun, A. S. (2017). Effect of outsourcing strategies on the performance of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs). Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 7(26). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-017-0084-0
   Google Scholar
• Arzeni, S., Cusmano, L., & Robano, V. (2015). Access to finance for small and medium enterprises and entrepreneurs: Trends and policies in OECD Countries. In S. Caselli, G. Corbetta, & V. Vecchi (Eds.), Public private partnerships for infrastructure and business development (pp. 189–220). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Baker, T., & Judge, K. (2020). How to help small businesses survive COVID-19. [Unpublished manuscript]. Columbia Law School, Columbia Law and Economics Working Paper, No. 620, Available at https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/2639/ https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3571460
   Google Scholar
• Bartik, A. W., Bertrand, M., Cullen, Z., Glaeser, E. L., Luca, M., & Stanton, C. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on small business outcomes and expectations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(30), 17656–17666. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006991117
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carey, P. J. (2008). The benefits of services provided by external accountants to small and medium sized enterprises. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Australian School of Business, University of New South Wales, Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Carey, P. J. (2015). External accountants’ business advice and SME performance. Pacific Accounting Review, 27(2), 166–188. https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-04-2013-0020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carey, P., Subramaniam, N., & Ching, K. C. W. (2006). Internal audit outsourcing in Australia. Accounting and Finance, 46, 11–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-629X.2006.00159.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaffey, D. (2008). E-Business and E-Commerce Management (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, G., Cheng, M., Edwards, D., & Xu, L. (2022). COVID-19 pandemic exposes the vulnerability of the sharing economy: A novel accounting framework. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(5), 1141–1158. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.108009669582.2020.1868484 https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1868484
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cullinan, C. P., & Zheng, X. (2017). Accounting outsourcing and audit lag. Managerial Auditing Journal, 32(3), 276–294. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-03-2016-1349
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daproza, J. C. (2021). The impact of outsourcing accounting services to small and medium enterprises’ growth and performance. Global Scientific Journals, 9(7) 115–123. https://www.globalscientificjournal.com/researchpaper/THE_IMPACT_OF_OUTSOURCING_ACCOUNTING_SERVICES_TO_SMALL_AND_MEDIUM_ENTERPRISES_GROWTH_AND_PERFORMANCE.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Devi, S. S., & Samujh, R. H. (2010). Accountants as providers of support and advice to SMEs in Malaysia (ACCA Research report No. 118). London: ACCA. https://www.accaglobal.com/sg/en/technical-activities/technical-resources-search/2010/june/accountants-as-providers-of-support-and-advice-to-smes-in-malaysia.html
   Google Scholar
• Dominguez, L. (2006). The managers’ step-by-step guide to outsourcing. New York: McGraw Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Doran, M. (2006). Bean counter or business adviser? An exploratory study of changing times for the accounting practitioner in Ireland. The Irish Accounting Review, 13(1), 23–46. https://doi.org/10.52399/001c.33720
   Google Scholar
• Dyer, L., & Reeves, T. (1995). Human resource strategies and firm performance: What do we know and where do we need to go? Paper presented at the 10th World Congress of the International Industrial Relations Association, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585199500000041
   Google Scholar
• Egole, I. S. A., & Iheriohanma, E. B. J. (2021). Outsourcing as a leveraging strategy for organizational productivity in Covid-19 Era. European Journal of Business and Management, 13(6), 133–139.
   Google Scholar
• El Hakioui, M., & Louitri, A. (2020). High-growth SMEs: A specific research object. In Management Association, Information Resources (Ed.), Start-Ups and SMEs: Concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications, (Vol. 1, pp. 48–60). Hershey, PS: IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1760-4.ch004
   Google Scholar
• Espino-Rodríguez, T. F., & Padrón-Robaina, V. (2004). Outsourcing and its impact on operational objectives and performance: A study of hotels in the Canary Islands. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 23, 287–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2003.11.004
   Google Scholar
• Evans, C., Ritchie, K., Tran-Nam, B., & Walpole, M. (1996). A report into the incremental costs of taxpayer compliance. Gosford: Australian Taxation Office.
   Google Scholar
• Everaert, P., Sarens, G., & Rommel, J. (2006). Outsourcing of accounting tasks in SMEs: An extended TCE model. (Working Paper No. 2004/403). Gent: Univeersiteit Gento.
   Google Scholar
• Everaert, P., Sarens, G., & Rommel, J. (2007). Sourcing strategy of Belgian SMEs: Empirical evidence for the accounting services. Production Planning and Control, 18(8), 716–725. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537280701706195
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everaert, P., Sarens, G., & Rommel, J. (2010). Using transaction cost economics to explain outsourcing of accounting. Small Business Economics, 35(1), 93–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-008-9149-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganesan, Y., Haron, H., Amran, A., & Pitchay, A. A. (2018). It is the external accountant matter in business performance of small and medium enterprises? The role of non-audit services. International Academic Journal of Accounting and Financial Management, 5(4), 36–48. https://doi.org/10.9756/IAJAFM/V5I2/1810022
   Google Scholar
• Gilfillan, G. (2020). Small business sector contribution to the Australian economy. Monthly Statistical Bulletin. Retrieved from https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp1920/SmallBusinessSectorAustralianEconomy#_ftn2
   Google Scholar
• Gilley, K. M., Greer, C. R., & Rasheed, A. A. (2004). Human resource outsourcing and organisational performance in manufacturing firms. Journal of Business Research, 57(3), 232–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(02)00304-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottschalk, P., & Solli-Sæther, H. (2006). Maturity model for IT outsourcing relationships. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 106(2), 200–212. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635570610649853
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham, R. (2009). Finance and accounting outsourcing: an empirical study of service providers and small business in Australia. Doctoral Dissertation, Southern Cross University, Australia. https://researchportal.scu.edu.au/discovery/fulldisplay/alma991012821578902368/61SCU_INST:ResearchRepoSitory
   Google Scholar
• Hamzah, N., Aman, A., Maelah, R., Auzair, S. M., & Amiruddin, R. (2010). Outsourcing Decision Processes: A case study of a Malaysian firm. African Journal of Business Management, 15(4), 3307–3314.
   Google Scholar
• Han, H.-S., Lee, J.-N., & Seo, Y.-W. (2008). Analyzing the impact of a firm’s capability on outsourcing success: A process perspective. Information & Management, 45, 31–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2007.09.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashemi, H., Rajabi, R., & Brashear-Alejandro, T. G. (2022). COVID-19 research in management: An updated bibliometric analysis. Journal of Business Research, 149, 795–810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.05.082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendy, N. (2021). Outsourcing: The competitive edge SMEs need to innovate. Financial Review. Retrieved from https://www.afr.com/technology/outsourcing-the-competitive-edge-smes-need-to-innovate-20210715-p589zn
   Google Scholar
• Herbert, R. (2005). Procurement strategies development (2nd ed.). New York: Pitman.
   Google Scholar
• Husin, M. A., & Ibrahim, M. D. (2014). The role of accounting services and impact on small medium Enterprises (SMEs) performance in manufacturing sector from East Coast region of Malaysia: A conceptual paper. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 115, 54–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.02.415
   Google Scholar
• Isaksson, A., & Lantz, B. (2015). Outsourcing strategies and their impact on financial performance in small manufacturing firms in Sweden. The International Journal of Business and Finance Research, 9(4), 11–20.
   Google Scholar
• Jae, N. E., Minh, Q. H., Kwok, R. C., & Shih, M. P. (2000). The Evolution of outsourcing research: What is the next issue? Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Maui, HI, USA. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2000.926960
   Google Scholar
• Jayabalan, J., Dorasamy, M., Ramlan, M., & Ching, N. K. (2009). Outsourcing of accounting functions amongst SME companies in Malaysia: An exploratory study. Accountancy Business and the Public Interest, 8(2), 96–114.
   Google Scholar
• Jiang, B., & Qureshi, A. (2006). Research on outsourcing results: Current literature and future opportunities. Management Decision, 44(1), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740610641454
   Google Scholar
• Joiner, T. (2007). Total quality management and performance: the role of organization support and co-worker support. The International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 24(6), 617–627. https://doi.org/10.1108/02656710710757808
   Google Scholar
• Juntunen, J., Lepisto, S., & Juntunen, M. (2021). Latent classes of accounting outsourcing firms. Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing, 15(1), 115–141. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGOSS-02-2021-0019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamyabi, Y., & Devi, S. (2011). Accounting outsourcing and firm performance in Iranian SMEs. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 3(4), 181–192. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v3n4p181
   Google Scholar
• Kayumba, C. U. (2019). Effect of outsourcing on organisational performance in Rwanda. Master’s Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy, H., & Brian, F. (2014). Purchasing and supply chain outsourcing (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Kipsang, B. S., & Mwangi, M. (2017). Factors influencing the use of accounting services by small and medium enterprises in Kenya. Journal of Accountancy, 1(1), 44–59. https://doi.org/10.47941/jacc.68
   Google Scholar
• Kirby, D. A., Najak, B., & Greene, F. (1998). Accounting for growth: Ways accountants can add value to small businesses. London: The Research Board, ICAEW.
   Google Scholar
• Klaas, B. S., McClendon, J. A. & Gainey, T. W. (2001). Outsourcing HR: The impact of organisational characteristics. Human Resource Management 40(2), 125–138. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.1003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotabe, M., & Mol, M. J. (2009). Outsourcing and financial performance: A negative curvilinear effect. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 15, 205–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2009.04.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koudal, P. (2005). Global manufacturers at a crossroads. Harvard Business Review, 83(3), 20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamminmaki, D. (2007). Outsourcing in Australian hotels: A transaction cost economics perspective. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 31, 73–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348006296714
   Google Scholar
• Leung, P., Raar, J., & Tangey, G. (2008). Accounting services and SMEs: an Australian study. (Research report (Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (Great Britain)); Vol. 99). ACCA.
   Google Scholar
• Levin, D. Z., Whitener, E. M., & Cross, R. (2006). Perceived trustworthiness of knowledge sources: The moderating impact of relationship length. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(5), 1163–1171. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.5.1163
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linder, J. C. (2004). Outsourcing as a strategy for driving transformation. Strategy and Leadership, 32(6), 26–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/10878570410568884
   Google Scholar
• Maudos, J., Pastor, J. M., Perez, F., & Quesada, J. (2002). Cost and profit efficiency in European banks. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 12(1), 33–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1042-4431(01)00051-8
   Google Scholar
• McIvor, R. (2009). How the transaction cost and resource-based theories of the firm inform outsourcing evaluation. Journal of Operations Management, 27, 45–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2008.03.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mwangi, G. M., Mutiso, A., & Mungai, D. (2018). Assessing the influence of accounting outsourcing on financial performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Thika subcounty, Kenya. Management and Economics Research Journal, 4, 148–155. https://doi.org/10.18639/MERJ.2018.04.655595
   Google Scholar
• Naderian, H. (2010). Several obvious & significant differences in professional services in Iran. Journal of Iranian Certified Public Accountants, 8, 44–45.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2020). Financing SMEs and entrepreneurs 2020: An OECD scoreboard. Retrieved https://doi.org/10.1787/061fe03d-en
   Google Scholar
• Ong, F. S., Azmi, A. A. C., Isa, C. R., Jusoh, R., & Kamarulzaman, Y. (2008). A report on current usage patterns of business and professional services among SMEs in the manufacturing and distributive trade sectors. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Institute of Accountants.
   Google Scholar
• Polit, D. E., & Beck, C. T. (2006). Essentials of nursing research (6th ed.). Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
   Google Scholar
• Pomering, R., & Kammerer, L. (2019). Outsourced Finance and Accounting Services Can Be a Growth Area. The CPA Journal. [Online]. Retrieved from https://www.cpajournal.com/2019/06/14/outsourced-finance-and-accounting-services-can-be-a-growth-area/
   Google Scholar
• Reddy, Y. M., & Ramachandran, M. (2008). Outsourcing of finance and accounting operations: The feasibility of the vertical in the Indian context. The IUP Journal of Services Marketing, 6(1), 23–39.
   Google Scholar
• Sian, S., & Roberts, C. (2009). UK small owner-managed businesses: Accounting and financial reporting needs. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 16(2), 289–305. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000910956065
   Google Scholar
• State, V., Coman, D. M., Marcu, L., Mihai, D. C., Tanase, L. C., & Voinea, C. M. (2022). A statistical study on the role of outsourcing Romanian accounting services in the context of the pandemic crisis. Journal of Science and Arts, 22(1), 185–196. https://doi.org/10.46939/J.Sci.Arts-22.1-a16
   Google Scholar
• Strange, R. (2011). The outsourcing of primary activities: Theoretical analysis and propositions. The Journal of Management and Governance, 15, 249–269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-009-9099-4
   Google Scholar
• Tazilah, M. D. A. K., Majid, M., & Suffari, N. F. (2019). Effects of outsourcing internal audit functions among small & medium enterprises. International Journal of Business and Technology Management, 1(1), 28–34.
   Google Scholar
• Yasuda, H. (2005). Formation of strategic alliances in high-technology industries: Comparative study of the resource-based theory and the transaction-cost theory. Technovation, 25, 763–770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.01.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, Y., & Lindsay, V. (2011). Operational effects and firms’ responses: Perspectives of New Zealand apparel firms on international outsourcing. International Journal of Logistics Management, 22(3), 306–323. https://doi.org/10.1108/09574091111181345
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ying Chou, C., & Ramser, C. (2021). Understanding the costs of interpersonal helping and governing mechanisms: An application of transaction cost economics theory. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEAS-03-2020-0034.
   Google Scholar
• Yuanqin, G., & Xiaomeng, S. (2020). The relationship of employees’ strengths use and innovation: Work engagement as a mediator. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 48(5), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.9083
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar