Searchable talk: the linguistic functions of hashtags

References

• Baker, P. S. Using Corpora in Discourse Analysis. London: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Barry, B., C. Darwin, and S. Smith. 2012. Twitter Stratified Random Sample. Illocution.
   Google Scholar
• Bastos, M. T., R. L. G. Raimundo, and R. Travitzki. 2013. “Gatekeeping Twitter: Message Diffusion in Political Hashtags.” Media, Culture & Society 35 (2): 260–270. doi:10.1177/0163443712467594.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bednarek, M. 2010. “Corpus Linguistics and Systemic Functional Linguistics: Interpersonal Meaning, Identity and Bonding in Popular Culture.” In New Discourse on Language: Functional Perspectives on Multimodality, Identity, and Affiliation, edited by M. Bednarek and J. R. Martin, 237–266. London: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Berry, M. 1981. “Systemic Linguistics and Discourse Analysis: A Multi-layered Approach to Exchange Structure.” Studies in Discourse Analysis 1: 20–145.
   Google Scholar
• Boyd, D., S. Golder, and G. Lotan. 2010. “Tweet, Tweet, Retweet: Conversational Aspects of Retweeting on Twitter.” HICSS-43, Kauai, January 4–7.
   Google Scholar
• Bruns, A. 2011. “How Long Is a Tweet? Mapping Dynamic Conversation Networks in Twitter Using Gawk and Gephi.” Information, Communication & Society 15 (9): 1323–1351. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2011.635214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruns, A., and J. E. Burgess. 2011. “The Use of Twitter Hashtags in the Formation of Ad Hoc Publics.” Paper presented at the European Consortium for Political Research Conference, Reykjavik, August 25–27. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/46515/.
   Google Scholar
• Cunha, E., G. Magno, G. Comarela, V. Almeida, M. A. Gonçalves, and F. Benevenuto. 2011. “Analyzing the Dynamic Evolution of Hashtags on Twitter: A Language-based Approach.” Proceedings of the Workshop on Language in Social Media (LSM 2011), 58–65.
   Google Scholar
• Eggins, S. 1994. An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics. London: Pinter.
   Google Scholar
• Firth, J. R. 1957. Papers in Linguistics 1934–1951. London: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Halliday, M. A. K. 1978. Language as Social Semiotic: The Social Interpretation of Language and Meaning. London: E. Arnold.
   Google Scholar
• Halliday, M. A. K. 1979. “Modes of Meaning and Modes of Expression: Types of Grammatical Structure, and Their Determination by Different Semantic Functions.” In Function and Context in Linguistic Analysis: A Festschrift for William Haas, edited by W. Haas, D. J. Allerton, E. Carney, and D. Holdcroft, 57–79. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Halliday, M. A. K. 1994. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. 2nd ed., Vol. 283. London: Edward Arnold.
   Google Scholar
• Halliday, M. A. K., and C. M. I. M. Matthiessen. 2004. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. 3rd ed. London: Arnold.
   Google Scholar
• Huang, J., K. M. Hornton, and E. N. Efthimiadis. 2010. “Conversational Tagging in Twitter.” Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia, Toronto, June 13–16.
   Google Scholar
• Jakobson, R. 1971. Selected writings. 2nd ed. The Hauge: Mouton.
   Google Scholar
• Kehoe, A., and A. Gee. 2011. “Social Tagging: A New Perspective on Textual ‘Aboutness. Methodological and Historical Dimensions of Corpus Linguistics’”. In Studies in Variation, Contacts and Change in English Volume 6, edited by P. Rayson, S. Hoffmann, & G. Leech. Helsinki: Research Unit for Variation, Contacts, and Change in English. http://www.helsinki.fi/varieng/journal/volumes/06/kehoe_gee/.
   Google Scholar
• Knox, J. S. 2009. “Punctuating the Home Page: Image As Language in an Online Newspaper.” Discourse and Communication 3 (2): 145–172.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemke, J. L. 1998. “Multiplying Meaning: Visual and Verbal Semiotics in Scientific Text.” In Reading Science: Critical and Functional Perspectives on Discourses of Science, edited by J. R. Martin & R. Veel, 87–113. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Lin, Y., D. Margolin, B. Keegan, A. Baronchelli, and D. Lazer. 2013. “# Bigbirds Never Die: Understanding Social Dynamics of Emergent Hashtag.” Proceedings of the 7th International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, Boston, MA, July 8th–10th.
   Google Scholar
• Litt, E. 2012. “Knock, Knock. Who's There? The Imagined Audience.” Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 56 (3): 330–345.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lochrie, M., and P. Coulton. 2011. “Mobile Phones as Second Screen for TV, Enabling Inter-audience Interaction.” Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, Lisbon, November 8–11.
   Google Scholar
• Ma, Z., A. Sun, and A. Cong. 2012. “Will This #Hashtag Be Popular Tomorrow?” Proceedings of the 35th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Portland, August 12–16.
   Google Scholar
• Malinowski, B. 1935. Coral Gardens and Their Magic. A Study of the Methods of Tilling the Soil and Agricultural Rites in the Trobiand Islands, with 3 Maps 116 Illustrations and 24 Figures. London: Allen & Unwin.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, J. R. 1992. English Text: System and Structure. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, J. R., and D. Rose. 2007. Working with Discourse: Meaning beyond the Clause. 2nd ed. London: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, J. R., and P. R. R. White. 2005. The Language of Evaluation: Appraisal in English. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Marwick, A. E., and d. boyd. 2011. “I Tweet Honestly, I Tweet Passionately: Twitter Users, Context Collapse, and the Imagined Audience.” New Media & Society 13 (1): 114–133. doi:10.1177/1461444810365313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthiessen, Christian, M. I. M. 1995. Lexicogrammatical Cartography: English Systems. Tokyo: International Language Sciences Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• McCarthy, J. F., and d. boyd. 2005. “Digital Backchannels in Shared Physical Spaces: Experiences at an Academic Conference.” Conference on Human Factors and Computing Systems (CHI 2005), Portland, April 2–7.
   Google Scholar
• Page, R. E. 2012. Stories and Social Media: Identities and Interaction. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Posch, L., C. Wagner, P. Singer, and M. Strohmaier. 2013. “Meaning as Collective Use: Predicting Semantic Hashtag Categories on Twitter.” Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on World Wide Web Companion, Rio de Janeiro, May 13–17.
   Google Scholar
• Reinhardt, W., M. Ebner, G. Beham, and C. Costa. 2009. “How People Are Using Twitter During Conferences.” Proceedings of the 5th EduMedia conference: Digital Creativity and Innovation in the Web 2.0, Salzburg, May 4–5.
   Google Scholar
• Romero, D. M., B. Meeder, and J. Kleinberg. 2011. “Differences in the Mechanics of Information Diffusion across Topics: Idioms, Political Hashtags, and Complex Contagion on Twitter.” Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on World Wide Web, March 28–April 1.
   Google Scholar
• Rossi, L., and M. Magnani. 2012. “Conversation Practices and Network Structure in Twitter.” Proceedings of the Sixth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, Dublin, June 4–7.
   Google Scholar
• Scott, M. 2012. WordSmith Tools Version 6. Liverpool: Lexical Analysis Software.
   Google Scholar
• Tsur, O., and A. Rappoport. 2012. “What's in a Hashtag?: Content Based Prediction of the Spread of Ideas in Microblogging Communities.” Proceedings of the Fifth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, February 8–12.
   Google Scholar
• Vander Wal, T. 2007. “Folksonomy Coinage and Definition.” http://vanderwal.net/folksonomy.html.
   Google Scholar
• WordSmith Tools version 6. Lexical Analysis Software, Liverpool.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, L., T. Sun, M. Zhang, and Q. ei. 2012. “We Know What @You #Tag: Does the Dual Role Affect Hashtag Adoption?” Proceedings of the 21st int'l Conference on World Wide Web, WWW '12, New York, April 16–20.
   Google Scholar
• Zappavigna, M. 2011. “Ambient Affiliation: A Linguistic Perspective on Twitter.” New Media & Society 13 (5): 788–806. doi:10.1177/1461444810385097.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zappavigna, M. 2012. Discourse of Twitter and Social Media, Continuum Discourse Series. London: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Zappavigna, M. 2014a. “Coffeetweets: Bonding Around the Bean on Twitter.” In The Language of Social Media: Communication and Community on the Internet, edited by P. Seargeant and C. Tagg, 139–160. London: Palgrave.
   Google Scholar
• Zappavigna, M. 2014b. “Enacting Identity in Microblogging through Ambient Affiliation.” Discourse and Communication 8 (2): 209–228. doi:10.1177/1750481313510816.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar