Brand Nohomonationalism: Guofeng (‘National Style’) Framings of Boys’ Love Television Series in China

References

• Admin. (2022, 8 January). Beijing government calls for full stop on idol variety shows and danmei adaptation films and dramas. 38jiejie. https://38jiejie.com/2022/01/08/beijing-government-calls-for-full-stop-on-idol-variety-shows-and-danmei-adaptation-films-and-dramas/
   Google Scholar
• Bai, R., & Song, G. (2015). Chinese television in the twenty-first century: Entertaining the nation. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bai, Y. (2021, 27 February). 豆瓣开分8.3, 火出国门, 优酷《山河令》成国风新武侠标杆 [8.3 points on Douban, popular overseas, Youku’s Word of Honor has become the benchmark of guofeng new wuxia]. China Youth League. http://news.youth.cn/yl/202102/t20210227_12732929.htm
   Google Scholar
• Baudinette, T. (2019). Lovesick, The Series: Adapting Japanese ‘Boys Love’ to Thailand and the creation of a new genre of queer media. South East Asia Research, 27(2), 115–132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, J. R. (2011). No homo. Journal of Homosexuality, 58(3), 299–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao, X. (1791). Dream of the red chamber [ 紅樓夢]. Handwritten.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, W., & Hu, Q. (2018). 新世纪中国耽美网络剧类型化研究 [Research on the types of Internet dramas in China in the new century]. Media Observer [传媒观察], 417(9), 71–77.
   Google Scholar
• Dhoest, A. (2020). LGBTs in, Muslims out: Homonationalist discourses and counterdiscourses in the Flemish press. International Journal of Communication, 14, 155–175.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downey, M. (2020, 18 May). Why you should watch Netflix’s The Untamed right now. Gamespot. https://www.gamespot.com/articles/why-you-should-watch-netflixs-the-untamed-right-no/1100-6477190/
   Google Scholar
• Gow, M. (2016). The Core Socialist Values of the Chinese Dream: Towards a Chinese integral state. Critical Asian Studies, 49(1), 92–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gui, C. (2018, 6 September). 什么是今天该有的‘男性气质’ [What are the ‘masculine traits’ you should have today?]. CCTV News. http://news.cctv.com/2018/09/07/ARTIbyVaJRXfn6zx0MGHWS4p180907.shtml
   Google Scholar
• Hinsch, B. (1992). Passions of the cut sleeve: The male homosexual tradition in China. University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hobsbawm, E. (1992). Nations and nationalism since 1780: Programme, myth, reality (2nd edn.). Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hu, T., & Wang, C. Y. (2021). Who is the counterpublic? Bromance-as-masquerade in Chinese online drama – S.C.I. Mystery. Television and New Media, 22(6), 671–686.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, X. (2019, 28 June). 《陈情令》: 书写国风之美 [‘The Untamed’: Writing the beauty of national style]. People’s Daily. http://culture.people.com.cn/n1/2019/0628/c1013-31200814.html
   Google Scholar
• Iwabuchi, K. (2010). Undoing inter-national fandom in the age of brand nationalism. Mechademia, 5, 87–96.
   Google Scholar
• Ji, Y. (2020, 23 March). Chinese web adaptation of BL online novel promotes China’s traditional Peking Opera. Global Times. https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1183772.shtml
   Google Scholar
• Jungar, K., & Peltonen, S. (2017). Acts of homonationalism: Mapping Africa in the Swedish media. Sexualities, 20(5–6), 715–737.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kao, Y.-C. (2021). The coloniality of queer theory: The effects of ‘homonormativity’ on transnational Taiwan’s path to equality. Sexualities. https://doi.org/10.1177/13634607211047518
   Google Scholar
• Kokas, A. (2020). Chilling Netflix: Financialization and the influence of the Chinese market on the American entertainment industry. Information, Communication, & Society, 23(3), 407–419.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kong, T. S. K. (2019). Transnational queer sociological analysis of sexual identity and civic-political activism in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and mainland China. British Journal of Sociology, 70(5), 1904–1925.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krumbein, F. (2021). Who will be Asia’s next unicorn? Comparing marriage equality in Taiwan with Hong Kong, Japan, and South Korea. Asian Studies Review, 46(1), 55–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavin, M., Yang, L., & Zhao, J. J. (Eds.). (2017). Boys’ love, cosplay, and androgynous idols: Queer fan cultures in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Hong Kong University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lazar, M. M. (2019). Semiotics of homonationalism. In K. Hall & R. Barrett (Eds.), Handbook of language, gender, and sexuality. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, P.-H. (2017). Queer activism in Taiwan: An emergent rainbow coalition from the assemblage perspective. Sociological Review, 65(4), 682–698.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leng, S., & Xu, K. (2019, 29 October). Hit adaptation of Chinese ‘boys’ love’ novel debuts on Netflix. Global Times. https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1168331.shtml
   Google Scholar
• liqian. (2021, 1 February). 申论热点: ‘中国华服日’ 国风IP助力传承传统文化 [Discussion hot topic: ‘China’s Chinese Clothing Day’ national style IP helps pass on traditional culture]. Zhong Gong Education. http://www.offcn.com/gwy/2021/0201/71658.html
   Google Scholar
• Liu, P. (2015). Queer Marxism in two Chinas. Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, J.-P., & Ding, N. (2005). Reticent poetics, queer politics. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 6(1), 30–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Louie, K. (2012). Popular culture and masculinity ideals in East Asia, with special reference to China. Journal of Asian Studies, 71(4), 929–943.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, F. (2021, 4 March). The ‘Chinese wind’ whirling through the entertainment industry. Shine. https://www.shine.cn/feature/entertainment/2103045453/
   Google Scholar
• Lu, J. (2021, 15 March). 打造‘国风新武侠’—评网剧《山河令》[Constructing ‘guofeng new wuxia’ – Review of ‘Word of Honor’]. https://m.gmw.cn/baijia/2021-03/15/1302165689.html
   Google Scholar
• McLelland, M. (2015). Regulation of manga content in Japan: What is the future for BL? In M. McLelland, K. Nagaike, K. Suganuma, & J. Welker (Eds.), Boys Love manga and beyond: History, culture, and community in Japan. University of Mississippi Press.
   Google Scholar
• McLelland, M., & Welker, J. (2015). An introduction to ‘Boys Love’ in Japan. In M. McLelland, K. Nagaike, K. Suganuma, & J. Welker (Eds.), Boys Love manga and beyond: History, culture, and community in Japan. University of Mississippi Press.
   Google Scholar
• Miao, Y. (2020). Romanticising the past: Core Socialist Values and the China Dream as legitimisation strategy. Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 49(2), 162–184.
   Google Scholar
• Ng, E. (2017). Media and LGBT advocacy: Visibility and transnationalism in a digital age. In H. Tumber & S. Waisbord (Eds.), Routledge companion to media and human rights. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Ng, E., & Li, X. (2020). A queer ‘socialist brotherhood’: The Guardian web series, boys love fandom, and the mainland Chinese state. Feminist Media Studies, 20(4), 479–495.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ni, Z. (2020). Steampunk, zombie apocalypse, and homoerotic romance: Re-writing revolution-plus-love in contemporary China. Modern Chinese Literature and Culture, 32(2), 179–229.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NRTA. (2021, 2 September). 国家广播电视总局办公厅关于进一步加强文艺节目及其人员管理的通知 [The General Office of the National Radio and Television Administration notice on further strengthening the management of cultural programmes and their personnel]. http://www.nrta.gov.cn/art/2021/9/2/art_113_57756.html
   Google Scholar
• Nye, J. S. (1990). Soft power. Foreign Policy, 80, 153–171.
   Google Scholar
• People’s Daily. (2018, 19 June). 超级剧集《镇魂》热播正能量攻势燃爆全网 [Super drama ‘Guardian’ hits the air, positive energy offensive blasts the whole Internet]. http://ent.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0619/c1012-30066974.html
   Google Scholar
• People’s Daily. (2019, 9 July). 《陈情令》国风音乐专辑仙气来袭 肖战, 王一博仙气献唱 [With the stirring release of ‘The Untamed’ national style music album, Xiao Zhan and Wang Yibo sing with spirit]. http://ent.people.com.cn/n1/2019/0709/c1012-31223818.html
   Google Scholar
• People’s Daily. (2021a, 4 March). 8.6分爆款武侠剧《山河令》背后, 是90后爱看的江湖 [Behind the 8.6-point hit martial arts drama ‘Word of Honor’ is the jianghu that the 90s generation loves to watch]. http://sh.people.com.cn/n2/2021/0304/c350122-34605300.html
   Google Scholar
• People’s Daily. (2021b, 23 September). 中国音数协游戏工委与会员单位共同发起《网络游戏行业防沉迷自律公约》 [The Game Working Committee of the China Music and Digital Association and its member units jointly initiated the ‘Convention on the Prevention of Addiction and Self-Discipline in the Online Game Industry’]. http://jinbao.people.cn/n1/2021/0923/c421674-32234539.html
   Google Scholar
• Puar, J. (2007). Terrorist assemblages: Homonationalism in queer times. Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Puar, J. (2013). Rethinking homonationalism. International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 45(2), 336–339.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rofel, L. (2007). Desiring China: Experiments in neoliberalism, sexuality, and public culture. Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shi, W., & Liu, S.-D. (2020). Pride as structure of feeling: Wolf Warrior II and the national subject of the Chinese Dream. Chinese Journal of Communication, 13(3), 329–343.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, L. (2021). Straightly Chinese: The emergence of systemic homophobia in China. In C.-Y. Hoon & Y. Chan (Eds.), Contesting Chineseness: Ethnicity, identity, and nation in China and Southeast Asia. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Song, G. (2022). ‘Little fresh meat’: The politics of sissiness and sissyphobia in contemporary China. Men and Masculinities, 25(1), 68–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, W. (2010). Mission impossible? Soft power, communication capacity, and the globalization of Chinese media. International Journal of Communication, 4, 54–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treat, J. W. (2015). The rise and fall of homonationalism in Singapore. positions, 23(2), 349–365.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C. Y. (2019). Officially sanctioned adaptation and affective fan resistance: The transmedia convergence of the online drama Guardian in China. Series, 5(2), 45–58.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, E. N., & Ge, L. (2022). Fan conflicts and state power in China: Internalised heteronormativity, censorship sensibilities, and fandom police. Asian Studies Review. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2022.2112655
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Y. (2019). ‘新国风’文化的荧屏呈现及其审美性集体记忆重构 [The cinematic representation and aestheticisation of the collective memory through ‘new guofeng’ culture]. China Television [中国电视], 9, 56–59.
   Google Scholar
• Weiss, J. C. (2014). Powerful patriots: Nationalist protest in China’s foreign relations. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• wherever-the-chaos-is. (2019, 23 August). A guide to MDZS novel and its adaptations. Tumblr. https://wherever-the-chaos-is.tumblr.com/post/187194664180/a-guide-to-mdzs-novel-and-its-adaptations-mo-dao
   Google Scholar
• Williams, A. (2015). Rethinking yaoi on the regional and global scale. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific, 37.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, H. (2019, 4 June). Why this year’s China Art Festival was all about ‘wenchuang’. Sixth Tone. https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1004085/why-this-years-china-art-festival-was-all-about-wenchuang
   Google Scholar
• Wu, X. (2021, 26 March). 国风暖吹, 文化自信回来了[Guofeng is blowing, cultural confidence is back]. China Youth League. http://news.cyol.com/gb/articles/2021-03/26/content_adxWOiBQn.html
   Google Scholar
• Xi, J. (2014). Cultivate and disseminate the Core Socialist Values. In J. Xi (Ed.), The governance of China. Foreign Language Press.
   Google Scholar
• Xin, Z. (2018, 6 September). ‘娘炮’之风当休矣 [The trend of ‘sissypants’ should be stopped]. Xinhua News. http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2018-09/06/c_1123391309.htm
   Google Scholar
• Xinhua News. (2020, 17 December). 《天官赐福》动画联合多城博物馆开启文物守护行动 [Animated series ‘Heaven Official’s Blessing’ joins museums in multiple cities to begin cultural relic preservation]. http://csj.xinhuanet.com/2020-12/17/c_139598038.htm
   Google Scholar
• Yang, J.-J. (2021). The compressed modernity of legalizing same-sex marriage in Taiwan: Digital activism, human rights discourse, and intertwined sexual, political, and national identities Doctoral thesis. City University of New York.
   Google Scholar
• Ye, S. (2022). Word of Honor and brand homonationalism with ‘Chinese characteristics’: The dangai industry, queer masculinity, and the ‘opacity’ of the state. Feminist Media Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2022.2037007
   Google Scholar
• Yi, J. (2021, 26 August). 警惕耽改剧把大众审美带入歧途 [Beware danmei dramas leading public aesthetics astray]. Guangming Daily. https://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2021-08/26/nw.D110000gmrb_20210826_4-02.htm
   Google Scholar
• Zanghellini, A. (2009). ‘Boys love’ in anime and manga: Japanese subcultural production and its end users. Continuum, 23(3), 279–294.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, C. (2021, 24 March). 腾讯音乐全场景内容生态成驱动消费‘新引擎’ [Tencent Music’s full-scene content ecology has become a ‘new engine’ driving consumption]. Xinhua News. http://www.xinhuanet.com/ent/2021-03/24/c_1127247684.htm
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, C. Y. (2016). Queering the national body of contemporary China. Frontiers, 37(2), 1–26.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, C. Y. (2017). When feminist falls in love with queer: Dan mei culture as a transnational apparatus of love. Feminist Formations, 29(2), 121–146.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, Q. (2017). The rise of queer occidentalism as a counter-discourse in 21^st century China. Master’s thesis. Central European University, Hungary.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, J. J., Yang, L., & Lavin, M. (2017). Introduction. In M. Lavin, L. Yang, & J. J. Zhao (Eds.), Boys’ love, cosplay, and androgynous idols: Queer fan cultures in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Hong Kong University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng, X. (2019). Survival and migration patterns of Chinese online media fandoms. Transformative Works and Cultures, 30.
   Google Scholar
• Zhou, B. (2019, 25 July). 《陈情令》国风专辑官方MV上线, 雅韵国风传递侠义情怀 [The official music video for the guofeng album of ‘The Untamed’ is online, the refined national style conveys chivalrous feelings]. People’s Daily. http://ent.people.com.cn/n1/2019/0725/c1012-31256525.html
   Google Scholar
• Zhou, X. (2021, 27 June). 《陈情令》开播两周年, 官方发布国风艺术展, 你还追吗 [On its two-year anniversary, the official ‘The Untamed’ guofeng art exhibition is launched, are you going?]. Renmin News. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1703686250197045002
   Google Scholar
• Zhu, Y. (2008). Television in post-reform China: Serial dramas, Confucian leadership, and the global television market. Routledge.
   Google Scholar