The Civic and Political Participation of Non-Citizen Residents in Japan: Multi-Ethnic Cities in an Ethno-Nationalist Society

References

• Akashi, J. (2017). Abe seiken no gaikokujin seisaku [Abe administration’s policy for foreign nationals]. Journal of Ohara Institute for Social Research, 700, 12–19.
   Google Scholar
• Asahi Shimbun. (2007, 9 February). Teidan [Three-persons talk – An interview with Sakanaka Hidenori ( 9 February].
   Google Scholar
• Asahi Shimbun. (2019, 15 February). Gaikokujin shūjū toshi kaigi: Naze dattai tsuzuku [Council of Municipalities with Large Migrant Populations: Why members’ withdrawal continues].
   Google Scholar
• Chōsen Shōkō Shimbun [Korean Commerce and Industry Newspaper]. (1994b, 20 December). Dohō no kenri mondai o kangaeru [ Some thoughts on the question of compatriots’ rights].
   Google Scholar
• Chōsen Shōkō Shimbun [Korean Commerce and Industry Newspaper]. (1994a, 6 December). Sanseiken yōkyū no kyokōsei [The fictitious state of demands for suffrage].
   Google Scholar
• City of Hamamatsu. (2013). Gaikokujin shimin kaigi no setchi [Establishment of Foreign Residents’ Council]. https://www.city.hamamatsu.shizuoka.jp/kokusai/kokusai/citizenconferenceindex.html
   Google Scholar
• City of Hamamatsu. (2016). Hamamatsu-shi shi: Shinpen shiryōhen [ History of Hamamatsu City: Newly edited materials], Vol. 5. City of Hamamatsu.
   Google Scholar
• City of Hamamatsu. (2017, 5 October). City of Hamamatsu intercultural profile. https://rm.coe.int/city-of-hamamatsu-intercultural-profile/168076dee5
   Google Scholar
• City of Hamamatsu. (2018). Hamamatsu-shi ni okeru nihonjin oyobi gaikokujin shimin no ishiki jittai chōsa [Investigation on the attitudes of Japanese and non-Japanese nationals in Hamamatsu City]. Department of Planning and Coordination.
   Google Scholar
• City of Hamamatsu. (2021). Shisei yōran 2021 [ Municipal census 2021]. City of Hamamatsu.
   Google Scholar
• City of Kawasaki. (1975–1990). Kawasakishi tōkeisho [ Annual statistics of the City of Kawasaki]. Municipal Office of Kawasaki.
   Google Scholar
• City of Kawasaki. (1993). Kawasaki gaikokuseki shimin ishiki jittai chōsa hōkokusho [Report on the survey of opinion among foreign residents]. Opinion Survey Committee.
   Google Scholar
• City of Kawasaki. (2015). Kawasaki gaikokuseki shimin ishiki jittai chōsa hōkokosho [Report on the survey of opinion among foreign residents]. No. 66982. https://www.city.kawasaki.jp/250/page/0000066982.html
   Google Scholar
• City of Kawasaki. (2020). Kawasaki gaikokuseki shimin ishiki jittai chōsa hōkokosho [Report on the survey of opinion among foreign residents]. No. 116810. https://www.city.kawasaki.jp/250/page/0000116810.html
   Google Scholar
• City of Kawasaki. (2021, 3 October). Gaikokujin shimin daihyōsha kaigi towa [What is the Kawasaki City Representative Assembly for Foreign Residents?]. https://www.city.kawasaki.jp/250/page/0000041052.html
   Google Scholar
• City of Kawasaki. (2022). Gaikokujin shimin daihyōsha kaigi: dai-jūyonki daihyōsha meibo [Kawasaki City Representative Assembly: List of the 14th Assembly Representatives]. https://www.city.kawasaki.jp/250/page/0000040967.html
   Google Scholar
• City of Kawasaki, Promotion Committee on Regional Japanese Language Education. (1997). Kyōsei machizukuri o mezasu nihongo gakushū no arikata [The ideal of Japanese language learning for making one community]. Promotion Committee on Regional Japanese Language Education.
   Google Scholar
• Council of Municipalities with Large Migrant Populations [CMLMP]. (2006, 21 November). Yokkaichi Declaration. https://www.shujutoshi.jp/siryo/pdf/20061121yokkaichi.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Council of Municipalities with Large Migrant Populations [CMLMP]. (2020). Gaikokujin shūjū toshi kaigi: Ueda 2019 hōkokusho [CMLMP: Report on Ueda 2019]. https://www.shujutoshi.jp/2019/report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Day, S. (2018). The surprising longevity of Kawasaki’s Representative Assembly for Foreign Residents: An institutionalist account. Social Science Japan Journal, 21(1), 27–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman, J., & Amnå, E. (2012). Political participation and civic engagement: Towards a new typology. Human Affairs, 22, 283–300.
   Google Scholar
• Fukuoka, Y. (1996). Koreans in Japan: Past and present. Saitama University Review, 31(1), 1–15.
   Google Scholar
• George, A. L., & Bennett, A. (2004). Case studies and theory development in the social sciences. MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hamamatsu Foundation for International Communication and Exchange (HICE). (2021). Hamamatsushi no gaikokujin tōrokushasu [Number of registered foreigners in Hamamatsu City]. www.hi-hice.jp/aboutus/statistics.html
   Google Scholar
• Higuchi, N. (2000). Taikō to kyōryoku [Confrontation and cooperation]. In T. Miyajima (Ed.), Gaikokujin shimin to seiji sanka [ Foreign citizens and political participation]. Yushindō.
   Google Scholar
• Japan Times. (2000, 30 December). LDP lawmakers try to quell non-Japanese suffrage moves.
   Google Scholar
• Jiji Tsūshin. (2009, 26 November). Gaikokujin sanseiken ni hantai: Tanigaki Jimintō sōsai [Opposition to alien suffrage: LDP President Tanigaki].
   Google Scholar
• Kawasaki City Council. (1985). Kawasaki shigikai shi [History of Kawasaki City Council], Vol. 3. Daiichi Hōki Shuppan.
   Google Scholar
• Kawasaki City Council. (1994, 16 June). Minutes of plenary sessions, Second session, No. 03.
   Google Scholar
• Kawasaki City Council. (1996, 11 September). Minutes of plenary sessions, No. 1416.
   Google Scholar
• Kawasaki International Association [KIAN]. (2021). Gaikokujin shimin ni kansuru dēta [Foreign population data]. https://www.kian.or.jp/worlddata.shtml#past2021t
   Google Scholar
• Kingdon, J. (1984). Agenda, alternatives, and public policies. Little Brown.
   Google Scholar
• Kitawaki, Y. (2008). Nihon no gaikokujin seisaku [Policies to treat foreigners in Japan]. Tagengo Tabunka – Jissen to Kenkyū [Multilingual and Multicultural – Practice and Investigation], 1, 18–20.
   Google Scholar
• Kitawaki, Y. (2011). Intākaruchā seisaku ni motozuku jichitai gaikokujin seisaku furēmuwāku [Framework for local policies to treat foreigners in intercultural perspective]. Tagengo Tabunka – Jissen to Kenkyū [Multilingual and Multicultural – Practice and Investigation], 12, 76–86.
   Google Scholar
• Korekawa, Y. (2018). Nihon ni okeru kokusai jinkō idō tenkan to sono chūchōki-teki tenbō: Nihon tokushuron o koete [Migration transition in Japan and its mid- to long-term consequences: Beyond Japanese exceptionalism]. Imin Seisaku Kenkyū [Migration Policy Review], 10, 13–28.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, J. (1993). Zainichi chōsenjin sōrengōkai chuō iinkai dai-jūrokki dai-sanji kaigi kakudai kaigi bunkenshū [Central Committee, General Association of Korean Residents, documents of the third conference of the sixteenth term]. Kugatsu Shobō.
   Google Scholar
• Mainichi Shimbun. (2010, 15 January). Jimintō: Gaikokujin no chihō senkyoken wa hantai hōshin [LDP: A counterbid for alien suffrage].
   Google Scholar
• Matsumiya, A. (2010). Nyūkamā gaikokuseki jūmin shūjūchiiki no hikaku kenkyū ni mukete [Comparative studies of cities with large foreign national populations]. Kyōiku Fukushi Gakubu Ronshū [Collection of Articles/Department of Education and Welfare], 59, 19–26.
   Google Scholar
• Milly, D. (2014). New policies for new residents: Immigrants, advocacy, and governance in Japan and beyond. Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mindan [Korean Residents Union in Japan]. (2019). Eijū gaikokujin no chihō sanseiken [Permanent residents’ local suffrage]. Mindan Report, 1–23.
   Google Scholar
• Mindan Shimbun. (2009, 15 July). Mindan 8·30 zenryoku [Putting on a final spurt for 8·30].
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare [MHLW], Japan. (2022). Kōsei tōkei yōran [ Health and welfare statistics]. https://www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei/youran/index-kousei.html
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication [MIAC], Japan. (2016). Jōhō tsūshin hakusho heisei 28 nenban [Information and communications white paper 2016]. https://www.mhlw.go.jp/johotsushintokei/whitepaper/ja/h28/pdf/28honpen.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Mintrom, M. (2000). Policy entrepreneurs and school choice. Georgetown University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mintrom, M., & Norman, P. (2009). Policy entrepreneurship and policy change. Policy Studies Journal, 37(4), 649–667.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD]. (2021). International Migration Outlook 2021. OECD Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Parry, G. (1992). Political participation and democracy in Britain. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Putnam, R. (1993). Making democracy work: Civic traditions in modern Italy. Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sankei Shimbun. (2009, 11 November). Gaikokujin sanseiken hōan wa Ozawa ni ichinin [The local suffrage bill has been entrusted to Ozawa].
   Google Scholar
• Schneider, M., Teske, P., & Mintrom, M. (1995). Public entrepreneurs: Agents for change in American government. Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shipper, A. W. (2008). Fighting for foreigners: Immigration and its impact on Japanese democracy. Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shizuoka Shimbun. (2021, 10 July). Hamamatsu shichō gaikokujinchō setchi nado teian [Hamamatsu mayor proposes the establishment of National Agency for Foreigners and Others].
   Google Scholar
• Suh, Y. (Ed.). (1987). Kankoku/chōsenjin no genjō to mirai [The situation and future of South and North Koreans]. Hyōronsha.
   Google Scholar
• Supreme Court, Japan. (1995, 28 February). Third Petty Bench, No. 163.
   Google Scholar
• Takao, Y. (2003). Foreigners’ rights in Japan: Beneficiaries to participants. Asian Survey, 43(3), 527–552.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuda, T. (1999). The motivation to migrate: The ethnic and sociocultural constitution of the Japanese–Brazilian return-migration system. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 48(1), 1–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuda, T. (2003). Strangers in the ethnic homeland: Japanese Brazilian return migration in transnational perspective. Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Vogt, G. (2016). Multiculturalism and trust in Japan: Educational policies and schooling practices. Japan Forum, 29(1), 77–99.
   Google Scholar
• Wilkinson, A. (2021). Immigrant Japan: Mobility and belonging in an ethno-nationalist society. Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Yamada, T. (1996). Zainichi gaikokujin to fukushi [Foreign residents in Japan and welfare]. Toshi Mondai [Urban Problems], 87(2), 35–47.
   Google Scholar
• Yamada, T. (2000). Kawasaki-shi gaikokujin shimin daihyōsha kaigi no seiritsu to genjō [Establishment and current state of the Kawasaki City Representative Assembly for Foreign Residents]. In T. Miyajima (Ed.), Gaikokujin shimin to seiji sanka [Foreign citizens and political participation]. Yushindō.
   Google Scholar
• Yamawaki, K. (2003). Chihō jichitai no gaikokujin shisaku ni kansuru hihanteki kōsatsu [Some critical thoughts on local authorities’ policy on foreign nationals]. Discussion Paper Series, Meiji University, J-2003-10.
   Google Scholar