Citizen participation as a key enabler for successful public education policies in climate change mitigation in Singapore

References

• Abrahamse, W., Steg, L., Vlek, C., & Rothengatter, T. (2007). The effect of tailored information, goal setting, and tailored feedback on household energy use, energy-related behaviors, and behavioral antecedents. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27(4), 265–276.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adger, W. N. (2003). Social capital, collective action and adaptation to climate change. Economic Geography, 79(4), 387–404.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adger, W. N., Dessai, S., Goulden, M., Hulme, M., Lorenzoni, I., Nelson, D. R., … Wreford, A. (2009). Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change ? Climatic change, 93(3–4), 335–354.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Institute of planners, 35(4), 216–224.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett, S., & Stavins, R. (2003). Increasing participation and compliance in international climate change agreements. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, 3(4), 349–376.
   Google Scholar
• Batliwala, S. (2002). Grassroots movements as transnational actors: Implications for global civil society. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 13(4), 393–409.
   Google Scholar
• Bruns, B. (2003). Water tenure reform: Developing an extended ladder of participation. Chiang Mai: Politics of the Commons: Articulating Development and Strengthening Local Practices.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, C. H. (2008). Climate and climate change: A Singapore Perspective. Singapore: McGraw Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, C. H. (2014). Climate change education: Knowing, doing and being. Routledge.Abingdon, Oxon
   Google Scholar
• Channel News Asia. (2015). Lamps to have new energy labels from July. Retrieved from http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/lamps-to-have-new-energy/1949866.html
   Google Scholar
• Christens, B. D. (2010). Public relationship building in grassroots community organizing: Relational intervention for individual and systems change. Journal of Community Psychology, 38(7), 886–900.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connor, D. M. (1988). A new ladder of citizen participation. National Civic Review, 77(3), 249–257.
   Google Scholar
• Cornwall, A. (2008). Unpacking ‘Participation’: Models, meanings and practices. Community Development Journal, 43(3), 269–283.
   Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behaviour. New York: Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• Dempsey, S. E. (2009). NGOs, communicative labor, and the work of grassroots representation. Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 6(4), 328–345.
   Google Scholar
• de Souza, R. T. (2007). NGOs and empowerment: Creating communicative spaces in the realm of HIV/AIDS in India. (Doctoral dissertation, Purdue University).
   Google Scholar
• Eade, D. (Ed.). (2000). Development, NGOs, and Civil Society. Oxford: Oxfam.
   Google Scholar
• Fisher, J. (1998). NGOs and the political development of the third world. Connecticut: Kumarian Press.
   Google Scholar
• Florin, P., & Wandersman, A. (1990). An introduction to citizen participation, voluntary organizations, and community development: Insights for empowerment through research. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18(1), 41–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser, E. D., Dougill, A. J., Mabee, W. E., Reed, M., & McAlpine, P. (2006). Bottom up and top down: Analysis of participatory processes for sustainability indicator identification as a pathway to community empowerment and sustainable environmental management. Journal of Environmental Management, 78(2), 114–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghai, D., & Vivian, J. M. (2014). Grassroots environmental action: People's participation in sustainable development: Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Gill, P., Stewart, K., Treasure, E., & Chadwick, B. (2008). Methods of data collection in qualitative research: Interviews and focus groups. British dental journal, 204(6), 291–295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordan, J. R., Hungerford, H. R., & Tomera, A. N. (1986). Effects of two residential environmental workshops on high school students. Journal of Environmental Education, 18(1), 15–22.
   Google Scholar
• Kwan, T. (2003). Geography and citizenship education in Hong Kong. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 12(1), 64–71.
   Google Scholar
• Leiserowitz, A. A. (2005). American risk perceptions: Is climate change dangerous? Risk analysis, 25(6), 1433–1442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leech, N. L., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2011). Beyond constant comparison qualitative data analysis: Using NVivo. School Psychology Quarterly, 26(1), 70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mauzy, D. K., & Milne, R. S. (2002). Singapore politics under the People's Action Party: London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• McKibbin, W. J., & Wilcoxen, P. J. (2002). The role of economics in climate change policy. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(2), 107–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Environment and Water Resource. (2008). Singapore's national climate change strategy. Retrieved fromhttp://app.mewr.gov.sg/data/ImgUpd/NCCS_Full_Version.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, T., & Tanner, T. (2006). Adapting to climate change: Challenges and opportunities for the development community. Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, Tearfund Collaboration.
   Google Scholar
• Mokhtar, M. (2014). RCs can help link up residents: PM. The Sunday Times. Retrieved fromhttp://ifonlysingaporeans.blogspot.sg/2014/03/rcs-can-help-link-up-residents-pm.html
   Google Scholar
• Morgan, D. L. (1996). Focus groups. Annual Review of Sociology, 12(1), 129–152.
   Google Scholar
• National Environmental Agency. (2015a). New mandatory energy label for lamps to help customers make better choices. Retrieved from http://www.nea.gov.sg/corporate-functions/newsroom/advisories/new-mandatory-energy-label-for-lamps-to-help-consumers-make-better-choices
   Google Scholar
• National Environmental Agency. (2015b). Stricter energy performance standards for air-conditioners from September 2016. Retrieved from http://www.nea.gov.sg/corporate-functions/newsroom/news-releases/year/2015/month/10/stricter-energy-performance-standards-for-air-conditioners-from-september-2016
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2003). Governance of public research toward better practices: Toward better practices: France: OECD Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Opdenakker, R. (2006). Advantages and disadvantages of four interview techniques in qualitative research. In Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research.7(4)
   Google Scholar
• Peoples’ Association, Singapore (PA). (2011). About grassroots organisations. Retrieved from http://www.pa.gov.sg/about-grassroots-organisations.html
   Google Scholar
• Patchen, M. (2006). Public attitudes and behaviour about climate change. Purdue Climate Change Research Center Outreach Publication, 601. Retrieved from http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/climate/resources/docs/Patchen%20OP0601.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Paul, K., & Tan, A. S.-S. (2003). Democracy and the grassroots sector in Singapore. Space and Polity, 7(1), 3–20.
   Google Scholar
• Porter, A. (1981). Political literacy. In D. Heater & J. A. Gillespie (Eds.), Political education in flux. London: Sage. p. 181–211
   Google Scholar
• Pospíšilová, T. (2011). Grassroots volunteering: definitions, concepts and themes. Overview of the Literature Praha: Agora. Praha: Agora. Retrieved from, http://www.agorace.cz/archive_files/Grasroots_volunteering.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Rathzel, N., & Uzzell, D. (2009). Changing relations in global environmental change. Global Environmental Change, 19(3), 326–335.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• REACH. (2016). Public consultation on raising minimum energy performance standards for refrigerators. Retrieved from https://www.reach.gov.sg/participate/public-consultation/national-environment-agency/environmental-protection/raising-minimum-energy-performance-standards-for-refrigerators
   Google Scholar
• Rothman, J. (1996). The interweaving of community intervention approaches. Journal of Community Practice, 3(3–4), 69–99.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, D. H. (2000). Grassroots associations. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• South West, C. D. C. (2015). Green Champion. E-Bridge (Nov-Dec 2015). Retrieved fromhttps://cdc.org.sg/SouthWest/Newsroom/E-BRIDGE
   Google Scholar
• Stern, N. (2009). A global deal on climate change. In S. Saw & D. Quah (Eds.), The politics of knowledge (pp. 111–155). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Stoltman, J. P., & Lidstone, J. (2001). Citizenship education: A necessary perspective for geography and environmental education. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 10(3), 215–217.
   Google Scholar
• Surjan, A., Takeuchi, Y., & Shaw, R. (2011). From disaster and climate risk to urban resilience: Approaching through community based environment improvement. Singapore: Research Publishing Service.
   Google Scholar
• Torney-Purta, J., Lehmann, R., Oswald, H., & Schulz, W. (2001). Citizenship and education in twenty-eight countries: Civic knowledge and engagement at age fourteen. Amsterdam: IEA Secretariat.
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO. (1975). Belgrade charter. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0001/000177/017772eb.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Valentine, G. (1997). Tell me about…: Using interviews as a research methodology. Methods in Human Geography, 2, 27–54.
   Google Scholar
• Van der Schee, J. (2003). Geographical education and citizenship education. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 12(1), 49–53.
   Google Scholar
• Vivian, J. M. (1995). Foundations for sustainable development: Participation, empowerment and local. In D. Ghai and J.M. Vivian (Eds.), Grassroots environmental action: People's participation in sustainable development. London: Routledge. p. 50–77.
   Google Scholar
• Whitmarsh, L., Lorenzoni, I., & O'Neill, S. (2012). Engaging the public with climate change: Behaviour change and communication: Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• NCCS (2012). NCCS Climate Change Roving Roadshow. Retrieved 20 Aug, 2015. from http://cargocollective.com/senzy/NCCS-s-National-Climate-Change-Roving-Roadshow.
   Google Scholar
• Carvalho, A. (2007). Communicating global responsibility? Discourses on climate change and citizenship. International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics, 3(2), 180–183.
   Google Scholar