Greater Male Variability in Creativity Outside the WEIRD World

REFERENCES

• Abra, J., & Valentine-French, S. (1991). Gender differences in creative achievement: A survey of explanations. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 117, 235–284.
   Google Scholar
• Abraham, A. (2015). Gender and creativity: An overview of psychological and neuroscientific literature. Brain Imaging and Behavior. doi:10.1007/s11682-015-9410-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appiah, K. A., & Gates, H. L. (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Arden, R., & Plomin, R. (2006). Sex differences in variance of intelligence across childhood. Personality and Individual Differences, 41, 39–48. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.11.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baer, J. (1999). Gender differences. In M. A. Runco, & S. Pritzker (Eds.), Encyclopedia of creativity. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baer, J., & Kaufman, J. C. (2008). Gender differences in creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior, 42, 75–105. doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.2008.tb01289.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrantes-Vidal, N., Caparros, B., & Obiols, J. E. (1999). An exploratory study of sex differences in divergent thinking and creative personality among college subjects. Psychological Reports, 85, 1164–1166. doi:10.2466/pr0.1999.85.3f.1164
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandau, H., Daghofer, F., Hollerer, L., Kaschnitz, W., Kellner, K., Kirchmair, G., … Schlagbauer, A. (2007). The relationship between creativity, teacher ratings of behavior, age, and gender in pupils from seven to ten years. Journal of Creative Behavior, 41, 91–113. doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.2007.tb01283.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, D. W. (2005). Self-perceived creativity, family hardiness, and emotional intelligence of Chinese gifted students in Hong Kong. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 16, 47–56.
   Google Scholar
• Cole, J. R., & Zuckerman, H. (1987). Marriage, motherhood and research performance in science. Scientific American, 256(2), 119–125. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0287-119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (2013). The nature–nurture debates 25 years of challenges in understanding the psychology of gender. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8, 340–357. doi:10.1177/1745691613484767
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis, H. (1894). Man and woman (Vol. 24). London, UK: Walter Scott.
   Google Scholar
• Feingold, A. (1994). Gender differences in variability in intellectual abilities: A cross-cultural perspective. Sex Roles, 30, 81–92. doi:10.1007/BF01420741
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geary, D. C. (2010). Male, female: The evolution of human sex differences (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Gralewski, J., & Karwowski, M. (2012). Creativity and school grades: A case from Poland. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 7, 198–208. doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2012.03.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gralewski, J., & Karwowski, M. (2013). Polite girls and creative boys? Students’ gender moderates accuracy of teachers’ ratings of creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior, 47, 290–304. doi:10.1002/jocb.36
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gralewski, J., & Karwowski, M. (2016). Are teachers’ implicit theories of creativity related to the recognition of their students’ creativity? Journal of Creative Behavior. doi: 10.1002/jocb.140.
   Google Scholar
• He, W.-J., & Wong, W.-C. (2011). Gender differences in creative thinking revisited: Findings from analysis of variability. Personality and Individual Differences, 51, 807–811. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.06.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, W.-J., Wong, W.-C., Li, Y., & Xu, H. (2013). A study of the greater male variability hypothesis in creative thinking in mainland China: Male superiority exists. Personality and Individual Differences, 55, 882–886. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henrich, J., Heine, S. J., & Norenzayan, A. (2010). The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33, 61–83. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999152X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyde, J. S. (2005). The gender similarities hypothesis. American Psychologist, 60, 581–592. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.581
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jauk, E., Benedek, M., & Neubauer, A. C. (2014). The road to creative achievement: A latent variable model of ability and personality predictors. European Journal of Personality, 28, 95–105. doi:10.1002/per.v28.1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jellen, H. G., & Urban, K. K. (1989). Assessing creative potential world-wide: The first cross-cultural application of the Test of Creative Thinking-Drawing Production (TCT-DP). Gifted Education International, 6, 78–86. doi:10.1177/026142948900600204
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, W., Carothers, A., & Deary, I. J. (2008). Sex differences in variability in general intelligence: A new look at the old question. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 518–531. doi:10.1111/ppsc.2008.3.issue-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ju, C., Duan, Y., & You, X. (2015). Retesting the greater male variability hypothesis in mainland China: A cross-regional study. Personality and Individual Differences, 72, 85–89. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.07.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kālis, E., Roķe, L., & Krūmiņa, I. (2014). Investigation of psychometric properties of the Test for Creative Thinking—Drawing Production: Evidence from study in Latvia. Journal of Creative Behavior, advanced online publication. doi:10.1002/jocb.68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karwowski, M., & Gralewski, J. (2013). Threshold hypothesis: Fact or artifact? Thinking Skills and Creativity, 8, 25–33. doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2012.05.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karwowski, M., Gralewski, J., Jankowska, D. M., Gajda, A., Wiśniewska, E., & Lebuda, I. (in press). Greater male variability in creativity: A longitudinal and cross-sectional latent variables approach. Thinking Skills and Creativity.
   Google Scholar
• Karwowski, M., Gralewski, J., & Szumski, G. (2015). Teachers’ effect on students’ creative self-concept is moderated by students’ gender. Learning and Individual Differences, 44, 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2015.10.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman, J. C., & Sternberg, R. J. (Eds.). (2006). The international handbook of creativity. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lau, S., & Cheung, P. C. (2015). A gender-fair look at variability in creativity: Growth in variability over a period versus gender comparison at a time point? Creativity Research Journal, 27, 87–95. doi:10.1080/10400419.2015.992685
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebuda, I., & Karwowski, M. (2013). Tell me your name and I’ll tell you how creative your work is: Author’s name and gender as factors influencing assessment of products’ creativity in four different domains. Creativity Research Journal, 25, 137–142. doi:10.1080/10400419.2013.752297
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leslie, S.-J., Cimpian, A., Meyer, M., & Freeland, E. (2015). Expectations of brilliance underlie gender distributions across academic disciplines. Science, 347, 262–265. doi:10.1126/science.1261375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lubart, T. I., Besançon, M., & Barbot, B. (2011). Evaluation du Potentiel Créatif (EPoC). Paris, France: Editions Hogrefe France.
   Google Scholar
• Pagnani, A. R. (2011). Gender differences. In M. A. Runco, & S. R. Pritzker (Eds.), Encyclopedia of creativity (2nd ed., pp. 551–557). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Palmiero, M., Di Giacomo, D., & Passafiume, D. (2014). Divergent thinking and age-related changes. Creativity Research Journal, 26, 456–460. doi:10.1080/10400419.2014.961786
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plucker, J. A. (1999). Is the proof in the pudding? Reanalyses of Torrance’s (1958 to present) longitudinal study data. Creativity Research Journal, 12, 103–114. doi:10.1207/s15326934crj1202_3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson, K. F., Smeets, S., Lubinski, D., & Benbow, C. P. (2010). Beyond the threshold hypothesis: Even among the gifted and top math/science graduate students, cognitive abilities, vocational interests, and lifestyle preferences matter for career choice, performance, and persistence. Current Direction in Psychological Science, 19, 346–351. doi:10.1177/0963721410391442
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudowicz, E. (2003). Creativity and culture: A two way interaction. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 47, 273–290. doi:10.1080/00313830308602
   Google Scholar
• Runco, M. A., Cramond, B., & Pagnani, A. R. (2010). Gender and creativity. In J. C. Chrisler, & D. R. McCreary (Eds.), Handbook of gender research in psychology (pp. 343–357). New York, NY: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Runco, M. A., Millar, G., Acar, S., & Cramond, B. (2010). Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking as predictors of personal and public achievement: A fifty-year follow-up. Creativity Research Journal, 22, 361–368. doi:10.1080/10400419.2010.523393
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simonton, D. K. (1992). Gender and genius in Japan: Feminine eminence in masculine culture. Sex Roles, 27, 101–119. doi:10.1007/BF00290012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simonton, D. K. (1994). Greatness: Who makes history and why. New York, NY: Guilford.
   Google Scholar
• Sorokowski, P., & Sorokowska, A. (2012). Judgments of sexual attractiveness: A study of the Yali tribe in Papua. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41, 1209–1218. doi:10.1007/s10508-012-9906-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoltzfus, G., Nibbelink, B., Vredenburg, D., & Thyrum, E. (2011). Gender, gender role, and creativity. Social Behavior and Personality, 39, 425–432. doi:10.2224/sbp.2011.39.3.425
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, S. P. (1995). Shifting meanings of time, productivity and social worth in the life course in Meru, Kenya. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 10, 233–256. doi:10.1007/BF00972242
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ulger, K. (2015). The structure of creative thinking: Visual and verbal areas. Creativity Research Journal, 27, 102–106. doi:10.1080/10400419.2015.992689
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urban, K. K. (2004). Assessing creativity: The Test for Creative Thinking–Drawing Production (TCT–DP): The concept, application, evaluation, and international studies. Psychology Science, 46, 387–397.
   Google Scholar
• Urban, K. K., & Jellen, H. G. (1996). Test for Creative Thinking-Drawing Production (TCT-DP). Lisse, Netherland: Swets and Zeitlinger.
   Google Scholar