Publication Cover
Assistive Technology
The Official Journal of RESNA
Volume 27, 2015 - Issue 4
358
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Effect of a Shock Absorber on Spatiotemporal Parameters and Ground Reaction Forces of Forearm Crutch Ambulation

, MSc, , MEng & , PhD

References

  • Armand, S., Sangeux, M., & Baker, R. (2014). Optimal markers’ placement on the thorax for clinical gait analysis. Gait & Posture, 39(1), 147–153. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.06.016
  • Clark, B. C., Manini, T. M., Ordway, N. R., & Ploutz-Snyder, L. L. (2004). Leg muscle activity during walking with assistive devices at varying levels of weight bearing. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(9), 1555–1560. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2003.09.011
  • Edelstein, J. E. (2013). Assistive devices for ambulation. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 24(2), 291–303. doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2012.11.001
  • Feldman, D. R., Vujic, I., McKay, D., Callcott, F., & Uflacker, R. (1995). Crutch-induced axillary artery injury. CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology, 18(5), 296–299. doi:10.1007/BF00203679
  • Hoberman, M. C., & Cicenia, E. F. (1952). Rehabilitation techniques with braces and crutches VI. Techniques with forearm crutches. American Journal of Physical Medicine, 31(5), 373–385.
  • Montgomery, D. C. (2008). Design and analysis of experiments. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • NZS 5831.1. (1989). Walking aids for the disabled - Specification for walking sticks. Standards New Zealand, Wellington.
  • Opila, K. A., Nicol, A. C., & Paul, J. P. (1987). Upper limb loadings of gait with crutches. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 109(4), 285–290.
  • Parziale, J. R., & Daniels, J. D. (1989). The mechanical performance of ambulation using spring-loaded axillary crutches. A preliminary report. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 68(4), 192–195. doi:10.1097/00002060-198908000-00008
  • Poddar, S. B., Gitelis, S., Heydemann, P. T., & Piasecki, P. (1993). Bilateral predominant radial nerve crutch palsy. A case report. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 297, 245–246.
  • Raikin, S., & Froimson, M. I. (1997). Bilateral brachial plexus compressive neuropathy (crutch palsy). Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, 11, 136–138. doi:10.1097/00005131-199702000-00014
  • Segura, A., & Piazza, S. J. (2007). Mechanics of ambulation with standard and spring-loaded crutches. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 88(9), 1159–1163. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2007.05.026
  • Shortell, D., Kucer, J., Neeley, W. L., & LeBlanc, M. (2001). The design of a compliant composite crutch. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 38(1), 23–32.
  • Shoup, T. E. (1980). Design and testing of a child’s crutch with conservative energy storage. Journal of Mechanical Design, 102, 672–676.
  • Shoup, T. E., Fletcher, L. S., & Merrill, B. R. (1974). Biomechanics of crutch locomotion. Journal of Biomechanics, 7(1), 11–19. doi:10.1016/0021-9290(74)90065-7
  • Slavens, B. A., Bhagchandani, N., Wang, M., Smith, P. A., & Harris, G. F. (2011). An upper extremity inverse dynamics model for pediatric Lofstrand crutch-assisted gait. Journal of Biomechanics, 44(11), 2162–2167. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.05.012
  • Sutherland, D. H. (2002). The evolution of clinical gait analysis: Part II Kinematics. Gait & Posture, 16(2), 159–179. doi:10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00004-8
  • Thys, H., Willems, P. A., & Saels, P. (1996). Energy cost, mechanical work and muscular efficiency in swing-through gait with elbow crutches. Journal of Biomechanics, 29(11), 1473–1482. doi:10.1016/0021-9290(96)84543-X
  • Westerhoff, P., Graichen, F., Bender, A., Halder, A., Beier, A., Rohlmann, A., & Bergmann, G. (2012). In vivo measurement of shoulder joint loads during walking with crutches. Clinical Biomechanics, 27(7), 711–718. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2012.03.004
  • Wing, P. C., & Tredwell, S. J. (1983). The weightbearing shoulder. Paraplegia, 21(2), 107–113. doi:10.1038/sc.1983.16
  • Zhang, Y., Beaven, M., Liu, G., & Xie, S. (2013). Mechanical efficiency of walking with spring-loaded axillary crutches. Assistive Technology, 25(2), 111–116. doi:10.1080/10400435.2012.726936
  • Zhang, Y., Liu, G., Xie, S., & Liger, A. (2011). Biomechanical evaluation of an innovative spring-loaded axillary crutch design. Assistive Technology, 23(4), 225–231. doi:10.1080/10400435.2011.614676

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.