References
- van der Vleuten , CPM and Swanson , DB . 1990 . Assessment of clinical skills with standardized patients . Teaching and Learning in Medicine , 2 : 58 – 76 .
- Anderson , MB and Kassebaum , DG . 1993 . Proceedings of the American Association of Medical Colleges, Consensus conference on the use of standardized patients in the teaching and evaluation of clinical skills . Academic Medicine , 68 : 437 – 83 .
- Harden , RM and Hart , IR . 1992 . Approaches to the assessment of clinical competence , Edited by: Mulholland , HP . Norwich, , England : Page Brothers .
- Vu , NV and Barrows , HS . 1994 . Use of standardized patients in clinical assessments: Recent developments and measurement findings . Educational Researcher , 23 : 23 – 30 .
- Vu , NV , Barrows , HS , Marcy , ML , Verhulst , SJ , Colliver , JC and Travis , TA . 1992 . Six years of comprehensive, clinical performance‐based assessment using standardized patients at the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine . Academic Medicine , 67 : 42 – 50 .
- Grand’ Maison , P , Lescop , J , Rainsberry , P and Brailovsky , CA . 1992 . Large‐scale use of an objective, structured clinical examination for licensing family physicians . Canadian Medical Association Journal , 46 : 1735 – 40 .
- Grand'Maison , P , Lescop , J and Brailovsky , CA . 1993 . Canadian experience with structured clinical examinations . Canadian Medical Association Journal , 148 : 1573 – 6 .
- Lamont , CT and Hennen , BKE . 1972 . The use of simulated patients in a certification examination in family medicine . Journal of Medical Education , 47 : 789 – 95 .
- Handfield‐Jones , R and Hollingworth , GR . 1990 . CFPC's certification examination: An overview . Canadian Family Physician , 36 : 2069 – 74 .
- Reznick , R. , Smee , S Rothman , A . 1992 . An Objective Structured Clinical Examination for the licentiate: Report of the pilot project of the Medical Council of Canada . Academic Medicine , 67 : 487 – 9 .
- Klass , DJ . 1994 . “High‐stakes”; testing of medical students using standardized patients . Teaching and Learning in Medicine , 6 : 28 – 32 .
- Lescop , J , Grand'Maison , P and Brailovsky , CA . 1994 . L'examen du permis en médecine de famille. [The licensing exam in family medicine] . U medecin du Québec , 29 : 115 – 9 .
- Handfield‐Jones , R , Brown , JB , Rainsberry , P and Brailovsky , CA . 1996 . The certification examination of the College of Family Physicians of Canada: (2) Conduct and general performance . Canadian Family Physician , 42 : 1188 – 95 .
- American Educational Research Association . 1985 . “ American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education ” . In Standards for educational and psychological testing Washington, DC
- Neufeld , VR . 1985 . “ An introduction to measurement properties ” . In Assessing clinical competence , Edited by: Neufeld , VR and Norman , GR . 39 – 50 . New York : Springer .
- Zeller , RA . 1988 . “ Validity ” . In Educational research, methodology, and measurement, an international handbook , Edited by: Reeves , JP . 322 – 30 . New York : Pergamon .
- Moss , PA . 1992 . Shifting conceptions of validity in educational measurement: Implications for performance assessment . Review of Educational Research , 62 : 229 – 58 .
- Messick , S . 1989 . “ Validity ” . In Educational Measurement , 3rd ed. , Edited by: Linn , RL . 13 – 103 . New York : Macmillan .
- Linn , RL , Baker , EL and Dunbar , SB . 1991 . Complex, performance‐based assessment: Expectations and validation criteria . Educational Researcher , 20 : 15 – 24 .
- Brailovsky , CA , Vu , N , Grand'Maison , P , Tamblyn , R , Abrahmowicz , M and Lescop , J . 1994 . Construct validity of the Québec licensure examination for family physicians: A multitrait‐multimethod analysis . RIME , October28‐November 3 : 52a
- Colliver , JA and Williams , RG . 1993 . Technical issues: Test application . Academic Medicine , 68 : 454 – 60 .
- Klass , D , Campbell , C , Hassard , T , Kopelow , M and Schnabl , G . 1990 . “ Influence of level of training on performance in a standardized test of clinical abilities ” . In Teaching and assessing clinical competence , Edited by: Bender , W , Hiemstra , RJ , Scherpbier , AJJA and Zwierstra , RP . 327 – 32 . Groningen, , The Netherlands : Boekwerk .
- Rothman , AI , Cohen , R , Dirks , FR and Ross , J . 1990 . Evaluating the clinical skills of foreign medical school graduates participating in an internship preparation program . Academic Medicine , 65 : 391 – 5 .
- Stillman , PL , Swanson , DB Smee , S . 1986 . Assessing clinical skills of residents with standardized patients . Annals of Internal Medicine , 105 : 762 – 71 .
- Vu , NV , Marcy , ML Branhart , A . 1994 . Further evidence of construct validity of standardized patient‐based performance examinations . Teaching and Learning in Medicine , 6 : 255 – 9 .
- Furman , GE , Colliver , JA , Galofré , A , Reaka , MA , Robbs , RS and King , A . 1996 . The effect of formal feedback sessions on test security for a clinical practice examination using standardized patients . The 7th Ottawa Conference on Medical Education and Assessment . June 25–28 1996 .
- Brailovsky , CA , Grand'Maison , P and Lescop , J . 1992 . A large‐scale multicenter Objective Structured Clinical Examination for licensure . Academic Medicine , 67 : S37 – 9 .
- Grand'Maison , P , Brailovsky , CA and Lescop , J . 1996 . Content validity of the QLEx OSCE: Assured through its development process, supported by practicing physicians . Canadian Family Physician , 42 : 254 – 9 .
- Cohen , J . 1988 . Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences , 3rd ed. , Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. .
- Levene , H . 1960 . Contributions to probability and statistics: Essays in honor of Harold Hotelling , 517 Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press .
- Bordage , G and Lemieux , M . 1991 . Semantic structures and diagnostic thinking of experts and novices . Academic Medicine , 66 : S70 – 2 .
- van der Vleuten , CPM , Norman , GR and De Graaf , E . 1991 . Pitfalls in the pursuit of objectivity: Issues of reliability . Medical Education , 25 : 110 – 8 .
- Norman , GR and van der Vleuten , CPM . 1991 . Pitfalls in the pursuit of objectivity: Issues of validity, efficiency and acceptability . Medical Education , 25 : 119 – 26 .