127
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

MECHANISM OF IONIZATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BY A TOLUENE/ANISOLE MIXTURE AS A DOPANT IN LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/DOPANT-ASSISTED ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE PHOTOIONIZATION/MASS SPECTROMETRY

, , , , &
Pages 41-55 | Published online: 12 Feb 2009

REFERENCES

  • Hanold , K. A. , Fischer , S. M. , Cormia , P. H. , Miller , C. E. and Syage , J. A. 2004 . Atmospheric pressure photoionization. 1. General properties for LC/MS . Anal. Chem. , 76 : 2842 – 51 .
  • Raffaelli , A. and Saba , A. 2003 . Atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry . Mass Spectrom. Rev. , 22 : 318 – 31 .
  • Robb , D. B. and Blades , M. W. 2006 . Factors affecting primary ionization in dopant-assisted atmospheric pressure photoionization (DA-APPI) for LC/MS . J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectr. , 17 : 130 – 8 .
  • Robb , D. B. and Blades , M. W. 2005 . Effects of solvent flow, dopant flow, and lamp current on dopant-assisted atmospheric pressure photoionization (DA-APPI) for LC-MS. Ionization via proton transfer . J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectr. , 16 : 1275 – 90 .
  • Kauppila , T. J. , Kostiainen , R. and Bruins , A. P. 2004 . Anisole, a new dopant for atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry of low proton affinity, low ionization energy compounds . Rapid Commun. Mass Sp. , 18 : 808 – 15 .
  • Kauppila , T. J. , Kuuranne , T. , Meurer , E. C. , Eberlin , M. N. , Kotiaho , T. and Kostiainen , R. 2002 . Atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry. Ionization mechanism and the effect of solvent on the ionization of naphthalenes . Anal. Chem. , 74 : 5470 – 9 .
  • Robb , D. B. , Covey , T. R. and Bruins , A. P. 2000 . Atmospheric pressure photoionization: An ionization method for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry . Anal. Chem. , 72 : 3653 – 9 .
  • Cormia , P. H. , Fischer , S. M. and Miller , C. A. . Analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons by atmospheric pressure photoionization LC/MS . Proceedings of the 49th ASMS Conference on Mass spectrometry and Allied Topics . May 27–31 2001 , Chicago, Illionis.
  • Short , L. C. , Cai , S. -S. and Syage , J. A. 2007 . APPI-MS: Effects of mobile phases and VUV lamps on the detection of PAH compounds . J. Am. Soc. Mass Sp. , 18 : 589 – 99 .
  • Itoh , N. , Aoyagi , Y. and Yarita , T. 2006 . Optimization of the dopant for the trace determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by liquid chromatography/ dopant-assisted atmospheric-pressure photoionization/mass spectrometry (LC/DA-APPI/MS) . J. Chromatogr. A , 1131 : 285 – 8 .
  • Finlayson-Pitts , B. J. and Pitts , J. N. Jr. 2000 . Chemistry of the upper and lower atmosphere: Theory, experiments, and applications , London : Academic Press .
  • Golomb , D. , Barry , E. , Fisher , G. , Varanusupakul , P. , Koleda , M. and Rooney , T. 2001 . Atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons near New England coastal waters . Atmos. Environ. , 35 : 6245 – 58 .
  • Carrera , G. , Fernandez , P. , Vilanova , R. M. and Grimalt , J. O. 2001 . Persistent organic pollutants in snow from European high mountain areas . Atmos. Environ. , 35 : 245 – 54 .
  • Masclet , P. , Hoyau , V. , Jaffrezo , J. L. and Cachier , H. 2000 . Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon deposition on the ice sheet of Greenland. Part I: superficial snow . Atmos. Environ. , 34 : 3195 – 207 .
  • Ohkouchi , N. , Kawamura , K. and Kawahata , H. 1999 . Distributions of three- to seven-ring polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons on the deep sea floor in the Central Pacific. Environ. . Sci. Technol. , 33 : 3086 – 90 .
  • Menzie , C. A. , Potocki , B. B. and Santodonato , J. 1992 . Exposure to carcinogenic PAHs in the environment . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 26 : 1278 – 84 .
  • Maher , W. A. and Aislabie , J. 1992 . Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in nearshore marine sediments of Australia . Sci. Total Environ. , 112 : 143 – 64 .
  • Luch , A. 2004 . The carcinogenetic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons , London : Imperial College Press .
  • Billiard , S. M. , Hahn , M. E. , Franks , D. G. , Peterson , R. E. , Bols , N. C. and Hodson , P. V. 2002 . Binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to teleost aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AHRs) . Comp. Biochem. Phys. B. , 133 : 55 – 68 .
  • Machala , M. , Vondráłek , J. , Bláha , L. , Ciganek , M. and Neła , J. 2001 . Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined using in vitro receptor gene assay . Mutat. Res. , 497 : 49 – 62 .
  • Arcaro , K. F. , O'Keefe , P. W. , Yang , Y. , Clayton , W. and Gierthy , J. F. 1999 . Antiestrogenicity of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human breast cancer cells . Toxicol. , 133 : 115 – 27 .
  • Titato , G. M. and Lanças , F. M. 2006 . Optimization and validation of HPLC-UV-DAD and HPLC-APCI-MS methodologies for the determination of selected PAHs in water samples . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 44 : 35 – 40 .
  • van Leeuwen , S. M. , Hayen , H. and Karst , U. 2004 . Liquid chromatography-electrochemistry-mass spectrometry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . Anal. Bioanal. Chem. , 378 : 917 – 25 .
  • Airiau , C. Y. , Brereton , R. G. and Crosby , J. 2001 . High-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . Rapid Commun. Mass Sp. , 15 : 135 – 40 .
  • 2007 . The NIST Chemistry WebBook , Gaithersburg, MD : US Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) . http://webbook.nist.gov
  • Tubaro , M. , Marotta , E. , Seraglia , R. and Traldi , P. 2003 . Atmospheric pressure photoionization mechanisms. 2. The case of benzene and toluene . Rapid Commun. Mass Sp. , 17 : 2423 – 29 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.