Investigation on the Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Remediation of Pyrene and Phenanthrene in Solutions Using Nanometer TiO₂ under UV Irradiation

References

• Yanbo, Z., Z. Ruzhuang, G. Xiaochen, Z. Qing, and L. Jun. “Sorption Characteristics of Phenanthrene and Pyrene to Surfactant-Modified Peat from Aqueous Solution: The Contribution of Partition and Adsorption,” Water Science and Technology 71 (2015): 296–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar N., J. Patel, R. Kumar, and S. Khan. “Chronic Response of Three Different Cyanobacterial Species on Growth, Pigment, and Metabolic Variations to the High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon – Pyrene,” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 34 (2014): 143–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doong R. A., and Y. T. Lin. “Characterization and Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminations in Surface Sediment and Water from Gao-ping River, Taiwan,” Water Research 38 (2004): 1733–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casellas M., P. Fernandez, and J. M. Bayona. “Bioassay-Directed Chemical Analysis of Genotoxic Components in Urban Airborne Particulate Matter from Barcelona (Spain),” Chemosphere 30 (1995): 725–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christine A., and J. T. Andersson. “Overview of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (PAC),” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 35 (2015): 1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izabela S. “Comparison of changes in selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons concentrations during the composting and anaerobic digestion processes of municipal waste and sewage sludge mixtures,” Water Science and Technology 70 (2014): 1617–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manzetti S. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Environment: Environmental Fate and Transformation,” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 33 (2013): 311–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callahan M.A., M. W. Slimak, N.W. Gabelc, I. P. May, C. F. Fowler, J. R. Freed, P. Jennings, R. L. Durfee, F. C. Whitmore, B. Maestri, W. R. Mabey, B.R. Holt, and C. Gould. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants. Report no. EPA-440/4-79-029 (Washington, DC: US Environmental Protection Agency, 1979).
   Google Scholar
• Juhasz A.L., and R. Naidu. “Bioremediation of High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: A Review of the Microbial Degradation of Benzo[A]Pyrene,” International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 45 (2000): 57–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan S.R., N. Kumar, R. Kumar, and J. Patel. “Biodegradation of Kerosene: Study of Growth Optimization and Metabolic Fate of P. janthinellum SDX7,” Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 46 (2015): 397–406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samanta S.K., O.V. Singh, and P. K. Jain. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation,” Trends in Biotechnology 20 (2002): 243–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henner P., M. Schiavon, J. L. Morel, and E. Lichtfouse. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Occurrence and Remediation Methods,” Analusis Magazine 25 (1997): 56–9.
   Google Scholar
• Nassar N. N., L. A. Arar, N. N. Marei, M. M. Abu Ghanim, M.S. Dwekat, and S. H. Sawalha. “Treatment of Olive Mill Based Wastewater by Means of Magnetic Nanoparticles: Decolourization, Dephenolization and COD Removal,” Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management 1 (2014): 14–23.
   Google Scholar
• Weng C.H., Y. T. Lin, C. L. Yeh, and Y. C. Sharma. “Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Adsorptive Removal of Acid Dye (New Coccine) from Aqueous Solutions,” Water Science and Technology 62 (2010): 844–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shalaby Th. I., N. M. Fikrt, M. M. Mohamed, and M. F. El Kady. “Preparation and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Coated with Chitosan for Removal of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solution,” Water Science and Technology 70 (2004): 1004–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann M.R., S. T. Martin, W. Choi, and D.W. Bahnemann. “Environmental Applications of Semiconductor Photo-Catalysis,” Chemical Reviews 95 (1995): 69–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammadi V., and S. Sabbaghi. “Photo-Catalytic Degradation of 2,4-DCP Wastewater Using MWCNT/TiO2 Nano-Composite Activated by UV and Solar Light,” Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management 1 (2014): 24–9.
   Google Scholar
• Daifullah A.A.M., and B.S. Girgis. “Impact of Surface Characteristics of Activated Carbon on Adsorption of BTEX,” Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 214 (2003): 181–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang P.Y., C. H. Huang, and R.A. Doong. “Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Vanadium-Doped Titanium dioxide Nanocatalysts,” Water Science and Technology 59 (2009): 523–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sigman M.E., P. F. Schuler, M. M. Ghosh, and R. T. Dabestani. “Mechanism of Pyrene Photochemical Oxidation in Aqueous and Surfactant Solutions,” Environmental Science and Technology 32 (1998): 3980–5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen S., J. Zhao, G. Shen, J. Fu, and P. Peng. “Photocatalytic Reactions of Pyrene at TiO2/Water Interfaces,” Chemosphere 50 (2003): 111–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• David B., and P. Boule. “Phototransformation of Hydrophobic Pollutants in Aqueous Medium. I – PAHs Adsorbed on Silica,” Chemosphere 26 (1993): 1617–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soni H., N. Kumar, K. Patel, and R. Kumar. “Photocatalytic Decoloration of Three Commercial Dyes in Aqueous Phase and Industrial Effluents Using TiO2 Nanoparticles,” Desalination and Water Treatment 57 (2016): 6355–6364. doi:10.1080/19443994.2015.1005147.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suresh C., V. Biju, P. Mukundan, and K.G.K. Warrier. “Anatase to Rutile Transformation in Sol–Gel Titania by Modification of Precursor,” Polyhedron 17 (1998): 3131–5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soni H., N. Kumar, K. Patel, and R. Kumar. “Highly Active TiO2 Nano Photocatalysts for Degradation of Methyl Orange under UV Irradiation,” Environmental Science 1 (2015): 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Talooki E. F., M. Ghorbani, and A. Ghoreyshi. “Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer-Based Magnetic Nanocomposite with Uniformly Distributed Hematite Nanoparticles on the Surface of Polystyrene Aromatic Compound,” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 36 (2016): 467–477. doi: 10.1080/10406638.2015.1011287.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naeimi H., and Z. Babaei. “MnO2 Nanoparticles as Efficient Oxidant for Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzimidazoles under Mild Conditions,” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 36 (2016): 490–505. doi:10.1080/10406638.2015.1014970.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soni H., and N. Kumar. “UV Light Induced Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green on TiO2 Nanoparticles,” International Journal of Recent Research and Review 7 (2014): 10–5.
   Google Scholar
• Wen S., J. Zhao, G. Sheng, J. Fu, and P. Peng. “Photocatalytic Reactions of Pyrene at TiO2/Water Interfaces,” Chemosphere 50 (2003): 111–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhir A., N. T. Prakash, and D. Sud. “Comparative Studies on TiO2/ZnO Photocatalyzed Degradation of 4-Chlorocatechol and Bleach Mill Effluents,” Desalination and Water Treatment 46 (2012): 196–204.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson M., L. Sterlund, S. Ljungstro, and A. Palmqvist. “Preparation of Nanosize Anatase and Rutile TiO2 by Hydrothermal Treatment of Microemulsions and their Activity for Photocatalytic Wet Oxidation of Phenol,” Journal of Physical Chemistry B 106 (2002): 10674–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanna P.K., N. Singh, and S. Charan. “Synthesis of Nanoparticles of Anatase TiO2 and Preparation of Its Optical Transparent Film in PVA,” Materials Letters 61 (2007): 4725–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu S., and S. J. Kalita. “Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide,” Materials Science and Engineering: A 435 (2006): 327–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakade S., M. Matsuda, S. Kambe, Y. Saito, T. Kitamura, T. Sakata, Y. Wada, H. Mori, and S. Yanagida. “Dependence of TiO2 Nanoparticle Preparation Methods and Annealing Temperature on the Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells,” Journal of Physical Chemistry B 106 (2002): 10004–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Z., C.C Wang, R. Zakaria, and J. Y. Ying. “Role of Particle Size in Nanocrystalline TiO2 –Based Photocatalyst,” Journal of Physical Chemistry B 102 (1998): 10871–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi H., E. Stathatos, and D. Dionysiou. “Sol–Gel Preparation of Mesoporous Photocatalytic TiO2 Films and TiO2 /Al2O3 Composite Membranes for Environmental Applications,” Applied Catalysis B: Environment 63 (2006): 60–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohan J. Organic Spectroscopy Principles and Applications, 2nd ed. (New Delhi: Narosha Publishing House Pvt. Ltd, 2009), 28–95.
   Google Scholar
• Aziz R.A., and I. Sopyan. “Synthesis of TiO2-SiO2 Powder and Thin Film Photocatalysts of Sol-Gel Method,” Ind. J. Chem. A, 48 (2009): 951–7.
   Google Scholar
• Wen S., J. Zhao, G. Sheng, J. Fu, and P. Peng. “Photocatalytic Reactions of Phenanthrene at TiO2/Water Interfaces,” Chemosphere 46 (2002): 871–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu C.G., C.C. Chao, and F.T. Kuo. “Enhancement of the Photo Catalytic Performance of TiO2 Catalysts via Transition Metal Modification,” Catalysis Today 97 (2004): 103–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelizzetti E., M. Borgarello, C. Minero, E. Pramauro, E. Borgarello, and E. Serpone. “Photocatalytic Degradation of Polychlorinated Dioxins and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Aqueous Suspensions of Semiconductors Irradiated with Simulated Solar Light,” Chemosphere 17 (1988): 499–510.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soni H., N. Kumar, K. Patel, and R. Kumar. “Photo Catalytic Efficiency and Kinetic Studies of ZnO Nanoparticles for the Removal of Basic Dye Rhodamine B,” Desalination Water Ttreatment 57 (2016): 19857–19864. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19443994.2015.1102091.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng Y., A. P. K. Hong, and D. A. Wavrek. “Integrated Chemical–Biological Treatment of Pyrene,” Water Research 34 (2000): 1157–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong D., P. Li, X. Li, Q. Zhao, Y. Zhang, C. Jia, and P. Li. “Investigation on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Pyrene on Soil Surfaces Using Nanometer Anatase Tio2 under UV Irradiation,” Journal of Hazardous Materials 174 (2010): 859–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan X. Z., B. Lu, and A. J. Gong. “Dynamics of Solar Light Photodegradation Behaviour of Atrazine on Soil Surface,” Journal of Hazardous Materials 117 (2005): 75–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehto K. M., E. Vuorimaa, and H. Lemmetyinen. “Photolysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Dilute Aqueous Solutions Detected by Fluorescence,” Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 136 (2000): 53–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thornhill D. A., B. de Foy, S. C. Herndon, T. B. Onasch, E. C. Wood, M. Zavala, L. T. Molina, J. S. Gaffney, N. A. Marley, and L. C. Marr. “Spatial and Temporal Variability of Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Mexico City,” Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8 (2008): 3093–105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar